• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

Substance P (SP) is known to be expressed in the nerve fibers of dental pulp and periodontal tissues. It was recently reported that SP expression increased in response to orthodontic force. In the present study, we investigated the effect of SP on expression of mineralization markers and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in human immortalized periodontal ligament (IPDL) cells. Cell viability was measured using a 3,4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression of mineralization markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteonectin (ON) and bone sialoprotein (BSP), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. SP did not significantly change human IPDL cell viability, with the exception of the 24 hour treatment group. Treatment of human IPDL cells with $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-4}M$ SP upregulated mineralization marker and HO-1 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Our results suggest that SP may modulate osteoblastic cell differentiation of human IPDL cells through a mechanism involving HO-1 expression.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.969-979
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• 2020

Fresh grass carp was used to produce surimi and 50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, or 150 g/kg pork back fat was added. The water distribution, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), myoglobin oxidation, color parameter (L*, a*, and b*), heme and non-heme iron content of samples were determined to analyze the effects of different fat content on the oxidation of myoglobin and lipids during multiple freeze-thaw cycles of grass carp surimi. Both multiple freeze-thaw cycles and increased fat content lead to an increase in TBARS, a blue shift in the absorption peak of myoglobin porphyrin, a decrease in heme iron content, and an increase of non-heme iron content. Repeated freeze-thaw caused a decrease in immobilised water content and L*, and caused an increase in a* and b*. Increased fat content caused an increase in immobilised water content, L* and a*, and caused a decrease in b*.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.97-112
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• 2006

Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 is an important antioxidant enzyme that plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation and protection in response to a wide array of noxious stimuli. Thus, HO-1 induction has been associated with prevention or mitigation of pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute inflammation, atherosclerosis, degenerative diseases, and carcinogenesis. Recent progress in our understanding of the function of molecules in the cellular signaling network as key modulators of gene transcription sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlyuing HO-1 gene expression. A panel of redox-sensitive transcription factors such as activator protein-1, nuclear factor-kB, and nuclear factor E2-related factor-2, and some of the upstream kinases have been identified as prime regulators of HO-1 gene induction. This review summarizes molecular mechanisms underlying HO-1 expression and the significance of targeted induction of HO-1 as a potential chemopreventive or chemoprotective strategy.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of heme on periodontopathogens. Materials and Methods: The experiment was performed using 7 types of anaerobic bacteria present in the periodontal pocket. The bacteria were cultured using suitable medium in an anaerobic condition with or without hemin, and the growth of the bacteria was measured every 6 hours by a spectrophotometer. Results: the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis was different only by the presence or absence of hemin. The growth of other periodontopathogens except Treponema denticola was different in a hemin concentration-dependent manner. The growth of T. denticola was interfered by hemin. Conclusion: Heme may be a factor that leads dysbiosis in the microbial ecosystem of the subgingival plaque and thereby promote a periodontitis-causing environment.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2001

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) appears to be an important modular of the insulin growth factor (IGF) bioactivity in metabolic disease and chronic hypoxia. Treatment of desferrioxamine (Dfo), cobalt, or nickel in HepG2 cells stimulated the expression of IGFBP1 mRNA as hypoxia. However, the presence of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) in the 1% $O_2$ decreased the upregulation of the IGFBP-1 mRNA expression. In addition, actinomycin D and cycloheximide abolished the increase in the expression of IGFBP-1 mRNA that was induced by Dfo and transition metals (cobalt and nickel). To obtain further information about the putative oxygen sensor, we postulate that putative heme proteins, responsible for the oxygen-sensing process in HepG2 cells, should be sensitive to hypoada. The mechanism of these upregulations of the IGFBP-1 mRNA expression by Dfo and transition metals was investigated by treatment with 2 mM of 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid (DHA), an inhibitor of heme biosynthesis. The results showed that 1% $O_2$-, Dfo-, cobalt-, or nickel induced IGFBP-1 mRNA expressions in HepG2 cells were all markedly inhibited when the heme synthesis was blocked by DHA. We suggest that the IGFBP-1 mRNA expression in the HepG2 cell is regulated by 1% $O_2$, Dfo, cobalt, or nickel, implicating the involvement of the putative heme-containing oxygensensing molecule.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.5 s.85
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• pp.706-713
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• 2007

Scutellaria baicalensis GEORGI(SB) is used in oriental medicine for the treatment of incipient strokes. Although it has been reported that SB is neuroprotective in a hypoxia model, its mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of SB on the modulation of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), which has important biological roles in regulating mitochondrial heme protein turnover and in protecting against conditions such as hypoxia, neurodegenerative diseases, or sepsis. Rat cerebrocortical day In vitro(DIV)12 cells were grown in neurobasal medium. On DIV12 cells were treated with SB($20{\mu}g/ml$) and given a hypoxic shock ($2%\;O_2/5%\;CO_2,\;3\;hr$) on DIV14. In situ hybridization results revealed that SB upregulated HO-1 mRNA in neuronal dendrites in both normoxia and hypoxia(38.5% and 59.2%, respectively). At the protein level, SB upregulated HO-1 in the neuronal soma in both normoxia and hypoxia(22.4% and 15.7%, respectively). Interestingly, most significant increase was associated with astrocytes, which increased HO-1 protein by 77.5% compared to SB-untreated culture. These results indicate that SB upregulates both neuronal and glial HO-1 expression, which contributes to the neuroprotection efficacy in hypoxia).

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.408-429
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• 2024

The color, lipid oxidation, heme iron (HI) and non-heme iron (NHI) contents, metmyoglobin content and Soret band of myoglobin of ground pork subjected to supercritical CO₂ treatment under different conditions, or to heat treatment (40℃, 2 h) and subsequent storage at 4℃ were evaluated during 9-day period. Supercritical CO₂ treatment significantly increased CIE L^* and CIE b^* values of ground pork during subsequent storage, while the HI content was slightly affected. In general, CIE a^* value and metmyoglobin content were decreased. Supercritical CO₂ treatment for 2 h could increase the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) value, while treatment for 1 h or less had no effect. The NHI content could be increased only after treatment at above 40℃ or 17.2 MPa for 2 h. The Soret band of myoglobin was shifted to longer wavelength. Increasing treatment temperature from 35℃ to 45℃ could increase CIE L^*, CIE a^*, CIE b^* and TBARS values, HI and NHI contents of the ground pork, while decreasing metmyoglobin content. As the treatment pressure increased from 13.8 MPa to 20.7 MPa, CIE b^* and TBARS values were decreased, while the NHI and metmyoglobin contents were increased. However, the other parameters were unchanged. Extending exposure time from 0.5 h to 2 h could increase CIE L^*, CIE b^* and TBARS values, HI contents, while decreasing CIE a^* value and metmyoglobin content. Correlation analysis showed that the TBARS value was significantly and negatively correlated with the HI content or metmyoglobin content in samples treated at 40℃ or above for 2 h.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2015

Xenotransplantation of pig islet regarded as a good alternative to allotransplantation. However, cellular death mediated by hypoxia-reoxygenation injury after transplantation disturb success of this technique. In the present study, we produce transgenic pig expressing human heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) genes to overcome cellular death for improving efficiency of islet xenotransplantation. Particularly, Korean miniature pig breed, Micro-Pig, was used in the present study. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique was used to produce the HO1 transgenic pig. Six alive transgenic piglets were produced and all the transgenic pigs were founded to have transgene in their genomic DNA and the gene was expressed in all tested organs. Also, in vitro cultured fibroblasts derived from the HO1 transgenic pig showed low reactive oxygen species level, improved cell viability and reduced apoptosis level.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 2005

Hemoglobin is oxygen carrier protein within erythrocyte in blood. Apoprotein of this, globin, is synthesized in the cytosol but it's cofactor, heme, is synthesized in the mitochondria. It has not been known very well how globin receives the heme from mitochondria and folds to hemoglobin. In this folding process, the initial structure of globin seems to be very important. A small volume of globin at acid pH was added rapidly into the bulk of an egg phosphatidylcholine $60\%$ liposome, containing hemins, at neutral pH according to the Rapid Dilution method. It was observed that an acid-induced unfolding structure of globin is initially needed to receive hemins from the lipid bilayer of liposomes. Also, this conclusion was confirmed with the absorption spectrum of the refolded globin separated by centrifugation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 1990

The effects of naturally occurring furanocoumarins on cytochrome P-450 have been investigated in rat liver microsomes. Incubation of microsomes with an NADPH-generating system and four furanocoumarins such as imperatorin, isoimperatorin, phellopterin and byakangelicin at $37^{\circ}$ in vitro resulted in a significant destruction of cytochrome P-450. A single treatment(50 mg/kg, i.p.) of rats with each furanocoumarin caused a rapid loss of cytochrome P-450 accompanied by the loss of heme from the microsomes but not by the loss of cytochrome $b_5$. It is suggested that cytochrome P-450 is specifically destroyed by furanocoumarins in a metabolic process involving destruction of its heme group and as a consequence, hepatic enzyme activities are depressed markedly.