• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2005

Inhibition of inflammatory response, acceleration of basal cell growth, and balanced synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) are important in healing of cutaneous open wounds. In order to evaluate the healing effects of water extracts of Radix Astragali (the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)) on open wound at early stage, the experimental open wounds were generated on the dorsal sides of SD rats under anesthesia. The boiled-water extracts of Radix Astragali $(100{\mu}l)$, soaked into an occlusive film dressing were applied once a day for eleven consecutive days. The healing process was assessed by measuring macroscopic appearance and wound areas of the open wounds. The molecular aspects of healing process by Radix Astragali extracts were also investigated by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) double staining and immunohistological staining of collagen type I in the healed skin area, implying cell density and linear alignment of the granulation tissue, and ECM synthesis and its remodeling, respectively. The Astragali radix extracts were found to significantly accelerate the cutaneous wound healing by suppressing the inflammation and stimulating the basal cell growth in wounded area, as compared to epidermal growth factor (EGF).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.551-557
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• 2015

Background: Differentiating morphologic features based on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining is the most common method to classify pathological subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its accuracy and inter-observer reproducibility in pathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated NSCLC remained to be improved. Materials and Methods: We attempted to explore the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in diagnosing pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) with poorly differentiated features by HE staining or with elevated serum adenocarcinoma-specific tumor markers (AD-TMs). We also compared the difference of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rate between patients with confirmed SQCC and those with revised pathological subtype. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between different factors and diagnostic accuracy. Results: A total of 132 patients who met the eligible criteria and had adequate specimens for IHC confirmation were included. Pathological revised cases in poor differentiated subgroup, biopsy samples and high-level AD-TMs cases were more than those with high/moderate differentiation, surgical specimens and normal-level AD-TMs. Moreover, biopsy sample was a significant factor decreasing diagnostic accuracy of pathological subtype (OR, 4.037; 95% CI 1.446-11.267, p=0.008). Additionally, EGFR mutation rate was higher in patients with pathological diagnostic changes than those with confirmed SQCC (16.7% vs 4.4%, p=0.157). Conclusions: Diagnosis based on HE staining only might cause pathological misinterpretation in NSCLC patients with poor differentiation or high-level AD-TMs, especially those with biopsy samples. HE staining and IHC should be combined as pathological diagnostic standard. The occurrence of EGFR mutations in pulmonary SQCC might be overestimated.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.1003-1011
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• 2009

This study was carried out to know the effects of Kwanjulbang-6(GJB-6) on the inhibition of arthritis. GJB-6 was orally administered to mouse with arthritis induced by collagen II . Cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, arthritis index, value of immunocyte in draining lymph node and paw joint, rheumatoid factor in serum were measured in vivo. The incidence of arthritis was significantly decreased. Total cell number of draining lymph node was significantly increased compared with control. Total cell number of paw joint was significantly decreased compared with control. The absolute number of $CD19^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD3^+/CD49b^+$, $CD4^+/CD44^+$, $CD3^+$, $CD4^+$, $CD4^+/CD25^+$ and $CD3^+/CD8^+$ cells in draining lymph node were significantly increased compared with control. The absolute number of $CD3^+$, $CD4^+$, $CD4^+/CD25^+$ and $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ cells in paw joint were significantly decreased compared with control. The absolute number of $B220^+/CD23^+$ and $MHCII^+/CD11c^+$ cell in draining lymph node were significantly decreased compared with control. The levels of IgG was decreased and The levels of IgM was significantly decreased compared with control. Anti-collagen II in serum was significantly decreased compared with control. With the hematoxylin and eosin stain, the cartilage destruction and synovial cell proliferation were decreased compared with control. With the Masson's trichrome stain, the expression of collagen fibers was decreased compared with control. Results showed that GJB-6 had immunomodulatory effects. So we expect that GJB-6 should be used as a effective drugs for not only rheumatoid arthritis but also another auto-immune disease.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

Purpose: It has been shown that the inorganic polyphosphate is effective for the regeneration of bones through the preliminary animal test of rabbits. The most effective concentration of the polyphosphate, however, is not known yet. Moreover, the effectiveness of carriers inside human body is not confirmed.. Materials and Methods: In this study, we examined the effect of the concentration of the inorganic polyphosphate on the process of the bone regeneration using the 6 weeks old rabbits with the weight of 2.0 kg in average. We performed the experiment using TR-ePTFE membrane(membrane) filled with collagen immersed in 4%, 8% of inorganic polyphosphate, respectively, following removal of the proper sized cortical bones from the rabbit calvaria. The experimental results were compared with the one of the following four groups: The negative control group for membrane only, the positive control group for membrane filled with collagen, the first experimental group for membrane filled with collagen immersed in 4% of inorganic polyphosphate, and the second experimental group for membrane filled with collagen immerse in 8% of inorganic polyphosphate. The fragments of the tissue with membrane obtained from each group of the sacrificed rabbits for 8 or 16 weeks sustained after surgery were then prestained by the Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and coated by resin to form non-decalcified specimens for the histologic examination and analysis. New bone formation was assessed by histomorphometric and statistical analysis. Results: 1. All groups have shown better bone regeneration at 16weeks than 8weeks. 2. Negative control group has shown more bone regeneration relative to the other groups at 8 and 16 weeks. 3. All experimental groups have shown better bone regeneration relative to positive control group. 4. At 16 weeks, the first experimental group has shown more bone regeneration compared to the second experimental group. Exophytic bone formation is not good at the first and the second experimental groups compared with negative control group. But, the use of 4% inorganic polyphosphate was more effective to bone formation than the use of 8% inorganic polyphosphate. Conclusion: With above results, it is suggested the use of inorganic polyphosphate with vehicle under TR-ePTFE membrane.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2008

Objectives : Sopung-tang(Shufeng-tang) is a famous herbal prescription that treated ischemic brain injury. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Sopung-tang(Shufeng-tang) on congnition and motor function recovery after ischemic brain injury in rats. Methods : Male rats were divided into 4 groups. Those rats caused ischemic brain injury by occlusion of MCA as Longa method. Control group I was per os normal saline for 7 days after ischemic brain injury. Control group II was per os normal saline for 14 days after ischemic brain injury. Experimental group I(Ex I) was taken with Sopung-tang(Shufeng-tang) for 7 days after ischemic brain injury. Experimental group II(Ex II) was taken with Sopung-tang(Shufeng-tang) for 14 days after ischemic brain injury. The author carried out neurological, cognitive motor behavior tests and histological assessment. Neurological motor behavior tests consist of limb placement test, beam-walking test and horizontal wire test. Morris water maze test was used for cognitive motor behavior test. In the histological assessment test, TTC(2,3,5-triphenylteterazolium chloride) staining, Hematoxylin & Eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were experimented. Results : 1. In neurological motor behavior tests, motor function recovery was significantly increased in the experimental groups as compared with control groups(p<0.05). Especially Ex II was significantly increased as compared with Ex I(p<0.05). 2. In Morris water maze test, congnitive motor function recovery was significantly increased in the experimental groups as compared with control group(p<0.05). Especially Ex II was significantly increased as compared with Ex I(p<0.05). 3. In the immunohistochemical staining for the expression of BDNF in hippocampus, more immune reaction was investigated in the experimental groups as compared with control groups. Especially most immune reaction was experimented in the EX II. Conclusions : According to the above results, Sopung-tang(Shufeng-tang) can treat on the congnition and motor function recovery after ischemic brain injury in rats. And it is effective method in expression of BDNF in hippocampus.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2013

Objectives : Horse oil (HO) has been used long time as the folk medicine of many Asian countries such as Korea, Mongol, China, India and Japan. HO has been used for anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pruritic purposes in skin. However, it is still largely unknown whether HO modulates the skin condition. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of HO on the 1 % of 2, 4-dinitro-1-chlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced contact hypersensitivity in Balb/c mice. Methods : To find the anti-inflammatory effect of HO, contact hypersensitivity, a local inflammatory response of skin, was induced on the back of Balb/c mice by sensitization and repeated application by 1% DNCB and HO treated 2 weeks on the 1% of DNCB-treated Balb/c mice. Excised mice skins were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and serum IgE level was measured by mouse IgE ELISA kit. Results : In this study, we found that HO reduced erythema by 1% of DNCB treated Balb/c mice. Also, HO recovered histopathological features such as the thickening of epidermis, hyperkeratosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in 1% of DNCB treated Balb/c mice. In addition, HO reduced IgE level on the serum obtained from blood of 1% of DNCB-treated Balb/c mice. Conclusion : Taken together, these results showed that HO could be used as a pharmaceutical material with anti-inflammatory effects by reducing of erythema, IgE level and recovering of histopathological features skin on DNCB-induced contact hypersensitivity in Balb/c mice model.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.825-837
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• 1997

실험적 치아이동 후 보정기간 동안 고정방법이 치주인대 섬유의 재배열에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여, 체중 20kg 내외의 성견에서 상악 제 3절치와 견치 사이에 견인 스프링을 이용하여 120 gm의 교정력을 3주간 가한 후 좌측에는 유연성 고정장치로 0.0215 인치 multistrand wire를, 우측에는 견고성 고정장치로 폴리 에틸렌 리본을 레진 접착제로 각각 장착한 다음 4주, 8주, 또는 12주 후 희생시켜 치주조직의 변화를 방사선 사진, 광학 현미경 관찰을 통하여 분석한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치아이동 후 압박측에서는 치주인대 공간의 압축과 함께 치주인대섬유가 굵어진 소견을 보였으며 인장측의 치주인대섬유는 신장되어 보였다. 2. 보정 4주 후 유연성 고정군에서는 치주인대섬유의 재배열이 관찰되었으나 견고성 고정군에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 3. 보정 8주 후부터는 두 군 모두에서 치주인대섬유의 재배열 소견이 관찰되었으며, 두 군간 치주인대섬유의 재배열 차이는 보이지 않았다. 4. 보정기간 동안 치주인대섬유의 재배열은 압박측 보다 인장측에서 빠른 소견을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 치아이동 후 견고하게 고정한 보정방법에서도 치주인대섬유의 재배열이 일어남을 보여주었고, 치아 보정시 폴리에틸렌 리본으로 고정한 보정장치도 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• 폴리머
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2006

온도감응성 고분자인 폴리 (에틸렌 글리콜)을 기본으로 하는 다이블록 및 트리블록 폴리에스테르 공중합체들은 비독성과 생체적합성 그리고 생분해성 특징 때문에 조직공학 분야 및 주사제형의 약물전달체에서 많은 응용이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 다이블록 공중합체를 이용한 솔-젤 전이 현상을 갖는 고분자를 평균분자량 750 g/mole의 메톡시 폴리 (에틸렌 글리콜)과 카프로락톤을 실온에서 HCl $Et_2O$ 존재 하에서 개환중합을 통하여 합성하였다. 이 공중합체를 이용하여 in vivo상에서 골수간엽줄기세포와 골유도물질인 덱사메타손의 존재 여부에 따라 골분화의 가능성을 조사하였다. 조직을 파라핀으로 고정시켜 슬라이드를 제조한 후 hematoxylin & eosin, 본쿠사 및 오스테오칼신 염색을 통하여 골형성 정도를 확인하였다. 결론적으로 덱사메타손이 함유된 젤이 골형성에 도움을 주지만 젤만으로는 강한 골형성을 유도할 수 없으므로 줄기세포나 다른 골형성 유도재료를 사용하면 우수하게 골형성 효과를 가져올 것이라고 판단되었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

본 연구는 25% 에탄올에 손상된 간조직에서 $TGF-{\beta}_1$와 c-Myc, Erb-B2, $Thymosin-{\beta}_4$ 유전자의 발현을 알아 보고자 실시 하였다. 실험군은 2군으로 나누어 25% 에탄올로 간 손상을 유발한 실험군과 정제수를 투여한 대조군으로 나누어 실험하였다. 검사 결과는 25% 에탄올를 투여 했던 실험군은 대조군에 비하여 $TGF-{\beta}_1$, c-Myc 및 $Thymosin-{\beta}_4$ 유전자의 발현 증가를 알 수 있었으며 Erb-B2 유전자는 뚜렷한 발현을 알 수 없었다. 또한 손상된 간 조직에서 헤마톡실린 에오진 염색을 통한 세포 손상을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 기존 임상에서 간 기능 관련 질병 예방과 질환 판정 시 혈청학적, 조직학적 검사 외에 $TGF-{\beta}_1$, c-Myc 및 $Thymosin-{\beta}_4$의 분자 진단 기법에 의한 유전자 발현 상태를 융합 검사함으로써 간 질환 판정의 보조 자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 사료 된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2020

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Charybdis japonica (C. japonica) water extract on the acute reflux esophagitis in rat models. Methods : Twenty rats were divided into four groups for examination: normal control group (n=6), the reflux esophagitis group (n=6), reflux esophagitis treated with positive control group (ranitidine 40 mg/kg, n=6), reflux esophagitis treated with C. japonica group (100 mg/kg, n=6). All rats fasted for 18 hr and then were induced with reflux esophagitis by a pylorus and forestomach ligation operation. After 4 hr, the rats were sacrificed. The proinflammatory cytokine and proteins expression measured by western bolt assay, and the histopathological analysis of the esophageal mucosa measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results : C. japonica administration significantly was protecting esophageal mucosal damage upon histological analysis of reflux esophagitis in rats. The C. japonica treatment confirmed the protection of the reduction of claudin-5, an evaluation index of the damage of tight junctions in the reflux esophagitis. C. japonica was also found to inhibit the expression of proteins such as COX-2 and TNF-α in the rat esophagus. C. japonica markedly attenuated the activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of IκBα at the same time. Conclusion : These results indicated that C. japonica suppressed the development of esophagitis through the modulation of inflammation by regulating NF-κB activation. Based on these findings, we concluded that C. japonica can prevent reflux esophagitis.