• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.311-320
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• 2004

Purpose: To investigate the relationships among mother's perception of her own newborn, her caring-confidence level, and her child-rearing attitude; and to provide data for developing effective nursing education programs on maternal newborn care. Method: Explorative survey questionnaires were completed by 159 married mothers of newborns from November 2003 to March 2004. Data were analyzed using SPSS/Win 10.0 by t-test and Pearson's Correlation coefficient. Result: The mean scores of the mother's perception of her own newborn, her caring- confidence level, and her child-rearing attitude were .26, 3.13, and 3.43 respectively. There was a positive correlation between mother's perception of her own newborn and her child-rearing attitude. There was a significant correlation between mothers caring-confidence level and her child-rearing attitude. Score of caring-confidence was significantly different depending on the availability of helper and history of delivery. Conclusion: Availability of helper and history of delivery significantly affected mothers caring-confidence. This in turn, along with mothers perception of her own newborn, enhanced mothers child-rearing attitude. Thus, an effective education for mothers should include these factors.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2016

Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to play major roles during the induction of T cell immune responses as well as the maintenance of T cell tolerance. Naive CD4⁺ T cells have been shown to respond with high plasticity to signals inducing their polarization into effector/helper or regulatory T cells. Data obtained from in vitro generated bone-marrow (BM)-derived DCs as well as genetic mouse models revealed an important but not exclusive role of DCs in shaping CD4⁺ T cell responses. Besides the specialization of some conventional DC subsets for the induction of polarized immunity, also the maturation stage, activation of specialized transcription factors and the cytokine production of DCs have major impact on CD4⁺ T cells. Since in vitro generated BM-DCs show a high diversity to shape CD4⁺ T cells and their high similarity to monocyte-derived DCs in vivo, this review reports data mainly on BM-DCs in this process and only touches the roles of transcription factors or of DC subsets, which have been discussed elsewhere. Here, recent findings on 1) the conversion of naive into anergic and further into Foxp3^- regulatory T cells (Treg) by immature DCs, 2) the role of RelB in steady state migratory DCs (ssmDCs) for conversion of naive T cells into Foxp3⁺ Treg, 3) the DC maturation signature for polarized Th2 cell induction and 4) the DC source of IL-12 for Th1 induction are discussed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.343-356
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• 2020

This paper examines the associations of having a helper for domestic work or childcare and time spent on it by couples in South Korea. We use five waves of panel survey data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF), which allows longitudinal changes within couples over time that account for potential selection effects and unobserved heterogeneity among individuals. With fixed effects, we find outsourcing is associated with a decrease in wife's time spent on domestic work or childcare by 1 hour per week. However, the decrease is concentrated on the unemployed wife's time, but not employed wife's time. In addition, outsourcing is not a significant factor for husband's time and the husband's share of total contribution. This may be because wives are the main provider of domestic work and childcare in Korea regardless of employment status or having any helper. Due to unequal contributions between husband and wife, using outsourcing also neither alleviates the employed wife's contribution nor changes the husband's contribution. However, the results may be underestimated because there are more common and diverse types of outsourcing in a broad sense, such as going out for dinner, buying prepared food, and using dry cleaning services. We expect future studies to consider more broad types of outsourcing and examine how relations with the couple's time use at home are different by type.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.11
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• pp.682-689
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• 2014

Due to explosive growth of mobile data traffic, many kind of techniques based on small cell is proposed as solution for phenomenon. However, those techniques essentially demands increase of backhaul capacity and causes performance degradation if not satisfied. Based on that, the approach applying the storage capacity in place of backhaul capacity, which is known as femto-caching, is proposed to reduce data downloading delay of users in system. In this paper, we expanded previous research by proposing file placement strategy with distribution of user position, which is more practical scenario. Simulation results verify that our proposed scheme has better performance gains mainly because when coverage of helpers are overlapped, users get more opportunity to connect various helpers which enables users to download a variety kind of files from helpers, not base station.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2016

Biometric authentication is considered as being an efficient authentication method, since a user is not required to possess or memorize any other information other than biometrics. However, since biometric information is sensitive and could be permanently unavailable in case of revealing that information just once, it is essential to preserve privacy of biometrics. In addition, since noise is inherent in the user of biometric recognition technologies, the biometric authentication needs to handle the noise. Recently, biometric authentication protocols using fuzzy extractor have been actively researched, but the fuzzy extractor-based authentication has a problem that a user should memorize an additional information, called helper data, to deal with their noisy biometric information. In this paper, we propose a novel biometric authentication protocol using Hidden Vector Key Encapsulation Mechanism(HV-KEM) which is one of functional encryption schemes. A primary advantage of our protocol is that a user does not need to possess or memorize any additional information. We propose security requirements of HV-KEM necessary for constructing biometric authentication protocols, and analyze our proposed protocol in terms of correctness, security, and efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.665-667
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• 2011

최근에 에너지 효율적이며 신뢰성 있는 데이터 전송을 보장하기 위한 많은 라우팅 기법의 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 현재까지 무선센서네트워크에서의 표준 라우팅 기법이 없는 상황에서 신뢰성을 제공하기 위한 새로운 라우팅 기법을 제안하는 것은 실용적이지 않으며 비효율적이다. 본 논문에서는 신뢰성 있는 데이터 전송을 범용적으로 보장하기 위해서 기존의 라우팅 기법의 신뢰성 및 확장성을 제공하는 모듈기법인 DRDT(Delay-based Reliable Data Transmission)를 향상시킨 ADRDT(Advenced Delay-based Reliable Data Transmission) 기법을 제안한다. ADRDT는 수신노드가 불안정한 링크상태로 인해 데이터 수신을 실패하는 경우 데이터를 오버히어링한 헬퍼노드(helper node)의 협력적인 재전송을 통해 신뢰성을 제공한다. 헬퍼노드는 수신노드의 이웃노드가 데이터를 오버히어링할 때 딜레이를 이용한 분산적 방법을 통해 동적으로 선정되며, 수신노드와의 링크상태를 고려하기 때문에 효과적으로 재전송 횟수를 감소시킨다. 제안 기법은 기존 기법과 비교해 전송 비용을 약 16.5% 감소시킨다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate the job satisfaction of child care helpers who are service providers in a child care support project. For this study, 302 child care helpers in ten districts within Seoul participated in the present study. A survey was conducted to collect data concerning their job satisfaction. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and regression using the SPSSWin 16.0 version. The results of this study were as follows. Generally, child care helpers had a high degree of job satisfaction. In addition, they exhibited the highest degree of satisfaction in relationships and the lowest satisfaction in wages. Furthermore, they demonstrated varying degrees of job satisfaction depending on their individual characteristics, activity characteristics, and activity recognition. The results of the present study can provide useful implications in regards to successful child care support projects.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.59-72
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate housewife's housework time and the expenditure for time-saving goods and service at the lifecycle stage and to identify the relationship between demographic characteristics and these two variables. The data is collected by using questionnare distributed to 412 housewives living in Seoul and around new two cities. The data is analyzed using Mean Frequency Percentile One-way ANOVA Pearson's Correlation and Regression,l The result of this research is as follows; 1. Housewife's housework time has significant relationship with the lifecycle stages (p<0.01) And the most influencial factor to it is housewife's employment and the next are domestic helper monthly household income and housewofe's age(p<0.01) 2. The expenditure for time-saving has most significiantly related to the lifecycle stages. And the other influencial factors to it are houswife's employment monthly household income and housewife's age(p<0.001) The explanatory power of al variables is 36%.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.101-115
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to provide fundamental data for the development of a human management strategy depending on the followership type in 119 EMTs. Methods: The subjects were thirty eight 119 EMTs working out of hospital in Y, D, S, G city. Data were collected from June 25 to August 10, 2017. The Q sample was selected as 40 statements in total and analyzed using the PC QUANL program. Results: As a result of the study, three followership types explained 67.59% of all the variables. Three different types were identified from the examination. The types were labeled as 'Responsible helper type', 'Quick response type', and 'Enterprising self-development type'. Conclusion: For each type, a leader and follower should develop a team management strategy for 119 EMTs to provide high-quality emergency medical services.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.222-229
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• 2022

Through this technology development, companies that operate online shopping malls and prospective startups will support education, consulting and expert group matching so that they can solve various issues that may arise in the course of the entire business life cycle, from startups to closures. It is expected that differentiated consulting programs will be designed for companies that currently operate shopping malls and start ups, and customized consulting programs will be provided to improve the effectiveness of consulting while improving customer satisfaction. It is planning to develop a "successful start-up and operation helper" that helps successful start-ups. It is a system that primarily diagnoses problems of prospective entrepreneurs and operators through an automation system at the start-up and operation stage, and professional consultants participate to derive and solve problems, and takes care of all stages of shopping mall birth and growth. In this paper Metaverse based shopping mall Creation is also discussed. Through Big Data creation these accumulated data, we intend to help operators start and operate shopping malls through accurate information by managing all knowledge of shopping malls as a system in the long run.