• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.444-449
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• 2016

The main objective of this work is to experimentally investigate the effect of angle variation and intrusion depth of channels on the distribution of two-phase flow at header-channel junctions. The dimensions of the header and the channels in cross-section were fixed at $16mm{\times}16mm$ and $12mm{\times}1.8mm$, respectively. Air and water were used as the test fluids. Two different header-channel positions were tested : a vertical header with horizontal channels (case VM-HC) and a horizontal header with horizontal channels (case HM-HC). In all cases, the intrusion depths of the channels are 0 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm. For the case of the intrusion depth of VM-HC, the flow distribution became more uniform. However, the intrusion depth negatively affected the flow distribution for the case of HM-HC because liquid separation delay occurred.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to present the design methods about manifold location being installed and size and to draw out the proper piping size as comparing the fluctuation of discharge with manifold size and residence size through the piping network analysis, when using the same faucet in accordance. The findings are summarized as follows, 1) an appropriate header main body pipe diameter was deemed to be $32{\sim}50\;mm$. 2) the research presented design measures for the application of appropriate water supply inlet pipe diameters according to residential buildings with various sizes. 3) the header direct branch piping method is ideal for small and medium-sized residential complexes, and the header branching and semi header methods are deemed to be more favorable for large residential complexes. 4) this study offered design measures for appropriate header system main body pipe diameters, water supply inlet pipe diameters, header system piping methods, application methods for functional auxiliary equipment units, and header system installation spaces and location.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.922-933
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• 2016

IP header compression schemes offer a valuable measure for bandwidth preservation. Such schemes have been practically implemented in infrastructure-based IP networks for point-to-point links. However, minimal research and practical implementation efforts have been conducted in the direction of an IP header compression strategy that can meet the peculiar requirements of multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks. In this paper, we present a practically implemented multi-hop IP header compression scheme using the Robust Header Compression (ROHC) protocol suite. The scheme runs on a novel identifier (ID) based networking architecture, known as an ID-based ad hoc network (IDHOCNET). IDHOCNET additionally solves a number of bottlenecks of pure IP-based ad hoc networks that have emerged owing to IP address auto-configuration service, distributed naming and name resolution, and the role of an IP address as an identifier at the application layer. The proposed scheme was tested on a multi-hop test bed. The results show that the implemented scheme has better gain and requires only O (1) ROHC contexts.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2019

Semiconductor chip is bonded to the substrate by melting solder bumps. In general, the chip bonding is applied by a Reflow process or a Thermo-Compression(TC) bonding process. In this paper, we introduce a Laser Assisted Thermo-Compression bonding (LATCB) process to improve the anxiety of the existing process(Reflow, TC bonding). In the LATCB process, the chip is bonded to the substrate by irradiating a laser with a uniform energy density in the same area as the chip to melt only the solder bumps and press the chip with a Transparent Compression Module (TCM). The TCM consists of a fused silica header for penetrating the laser and pressurizing the chip, and a piezoelectric actuator (P.A.) coupled to both ends of the header for micro displacement control of the header. In addition, TCM is a structure that can pressurize the chip and deliver it to the chip and solder bumps without losing the energy of the laser. Fused silica, which is brittle, is vulnerable to deformation, so the header may be damaged when an external force is applied for pressurization or a displacement differenced is caused by piezoelectric actuators at both ends. On the other hand, in order to avoid interference between the header and the adjacent chip when pressing the chip using the TCM, the header has a notch at the bottom, and breakage due to stress concentration of the notch is expected. In this study, the thickness and notch length that the header does not break when the external force (500 N) is applied to both ends of the header are optimized using structural analysis and Coulomb-Mohr failure theory. In addition, the maximum displacement difference of the P.A.s at both ends where no break occurred in the header was derived. As a result, the thickness of the header is 11 mm, and the maximum displacement difference between both ends is 8 um.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.224-227
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• 2012

클러스터 기반 라우팅 프로토콜(CBRP, Cluster-Based Routing Protocol)은 각 클러스터 내에 헤드를 선출하고 클러스터 헤드는 모든 이동 노드들을 관리, 운영하기 때문에 전력 소모가 심하게 일어나게 된다. 기존의 CBRP는 각 노드의 잔여전력량을 고려하지 않고 헤드를 임의로 선출하기 때문에 클러스터 헤드의 평균 수명이 짧아지고 빈번하게 다른 헤드를 선출해야 하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 클러스터 헤드를 선출할 때 클러스터 내 각 노드의 잔여전력량을 비교하여 잔여전력량이 가장 높은 노드를 클러스터 헤드로 선출하여 클러스터의 수명과 네트워크 전체의 수명을 연장시키면서 경로의 안정성을 높이는 개선된 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.687-697
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• 2006

The air and water flow distribution are experimentally studied for a heat exchanger composed of round headers and 10 flat tubes. The effects of tube protrusion depth as well as mass flux, and quality are investigated, and the results are compared with the previous 30 channel results. The flow at the header inlet is annular. For the downward flow configuration, the water flow distribution is significantly affected by the tube protrusion depth. For flush-mounted geometry, significant portion of the water flows through frontal part of the header. As the protrusion depth increases, more water is forced to the rear part of the header. The effect of mass flux or quality is qualitatively the same as that of the protrusion depth. Increase of the mass flux or quality forces the water to rear part of the header. For the upward flow configuration, different from the downward configuration, significant portion of the water flows through the rear part of the header. The effect of the protrusion depth is the same as that of the downward flow. As the protrusion depth increases, more water is forced to the rear part of the header. However, the effect of mass flux or quality is opposite to the downward flow case. As the mass flux or quality increases, more water flows through the frontal part of the header. Compared with the previous thirty channel configuration, the present ten channel configuration yields better flow distribution. Possible explanation is provided from the flow visualization results.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제16C권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2009

모바일 와이맥스에서 IP 기반의 무선 광대역 서비스를 효율적으로 제공하기 위해, 제한적인 무선링크의 대역폭을 보다 효율적으로 활용하는 방안이 필요하다. 모바일 와이맥스 표준에서 정의된 헤더 압축 기법인 PHS(Payload Header Suppression) 대신에 ROHC(RObust Header Compression) O(Bi-directional Optimistic) 모드를 사용할 경우, 압축효율성과 견고성 면에서 성능을 향상시킬 수 있으나[1, 2], 모바일 와이맥스의 음영서비스 지역이나 비트 에러로 인한 수신단에서의 연속적인 패킷의 손실이 발생할 경우 컴프레서와 디컴프레서가 유지하는 압축 정보가 비동기화되어 O 모드의 패킷 복구 실패율이 증가하게 되므로 이를 보완할 방안이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는, 모바일 와이맥스 환경에서 패킷 손실에 대한 ROHC O 모드의 성능 향상을 위해 O 모드의 압축률과 견고성에 모두 영향을 미치는 Optimistic 파라미터의 값을 동적으로 조절하는 방안을 제안하고, OPNET 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 제안한 방안의 성능 분석을 하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.296-304
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• 2010

MoIP는 IP위에 다양한 멀티미디어를 전송가능하게 해주는 기술인데, 기존 음성 서비스에 비해 큰 대역폭을 요구하며, 무선 환경에서의 무선 자원은 이미 한계점에 도달하고 있다. 따라서 이런 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방법으로 헤더 압축에 대한 연구가 많이 되고 있다. SCTP 프로토콜을 이용한 헤더압축은 ROHC-SCTP가 연구되었는데, ROHC-SCTP는 ROHC알고리즘과는 다른 형식의 패킷구조를 가지고 있고, SCTP의 특징을 적용하려면 헤더압축의 성능이 많이 떨어진다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 위의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 향상된 헤더압축 알고리즘을 설계하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘을 평가하기 위해 NS-2 시뮬레이션 환경에서 헤더압축 동작을 모델링하였다. 평가 결과 본 논문에서 설계한 알고리즘이 ROHC-SCTP 알고리즘에 비해 오버헤드율이 낮았고, 데이터의 타입이 많이 변화할 때 총 헤더의 크기가 더 작음을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제2권7호
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• pp.983-996
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• 2001

MANET은 기존의 이동 통신망과는 달리 백본망이 없고, 동적으로 분산된 이동 호스트들로 구성되어 전시나 천재지변과 같은 긴급사태 및 기존의 이동 통신 기반 구조가 존재하지 않는 지역에서 사용되는 통신 구조이다. 따라서 MANET에 기존의 라우팅 알고리즘을 적용할 수 없으며, 새로운 라우팅 알고리즘의 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문은 기존에 제안된 라우팅 알고리즘 중 클러스터에 헤더(주헤더)를 두어 관리하는 클러스터 기반의 한 라우팅 프로토콜(CBRP)에 주헤더 뿐만 아니라 보조헤더를 추가한다. 보조헤더의 역할은 주헤더가 비정상적으로 되어 노드들 간의 송수신에 더 이상 참가할 수 없을 경우, 별도의 주헤더 재선출 과정 없이 보조헤더가 즉시 주헤더로 교체되어 기존의 주헤더 역할을 담당한다. 따라서 본 논문은 기존의 CBRP에 비해 효율적인 라우팅 알고리즘 CBRP-SH를 제안한다. 또한 본 논문의 우수성을 입증하기 위해 기존의 CBRP와 비교 평가한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 1989

This study was intended to develop the system which controls header height of combine automatically by means of sensing the difference between the header and the ground surface. A micro-computer was used for the controller. The sensing unit designed for the study was composed of potentiometer, oscillating link, and gage wheel. An electric-hydraulic circuit was driven by microcomputer to control header height of combine. Performance of the control system was tested by computer simulation, stationary operation of header, and traveling on the simulated ground.