• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1565-1566
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• 2011

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.279-293
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• 2009

Quantitative risk assessments are related to implementing hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) by its potential involvement in identifying critical control points (CCPs), validating critical limits at a CCP, enabling rational designs of new processes, and products to meet required level of safety, and evaluating processing operations for verification procedures. The quantitative risk assessment is becoming a standard research tool which provides useful predictions and analyses on microbial risks and, thus, a valuable aid in implementing a HACCP system. This paper provides a review of microbial modeling in quantitative risk assessments, which can be applied to HACCP systems.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2016

Objectives: According to the new Chemical Control Act from the Korean Ministry of Environment (2014-259), workers handling hazardous chemicals should wear personal protective equipment (PPE). However the act simply states in basic phrases that every worker handling one or more of the 69 listed chemicals should wear PPE and does not consider the unique hazard characteristics of chemicals and work types. The main purpose of this study is to provide basic data to revise the act to suit particular work processes and situations. Methods: The hazard rank of the substances was classified based on hazardous characteristics such as LC50 and vapor pressure using matrix analysis. The workplace exposure risk of the substances was also determined through a matrix analysis based on the previously determined hazard ranks and the demands of manual handling together with the likelihood of accident frequency of the operation combined with the exposure of workers during spill accidents. Results: To meet the demands for developing subsequent guidelines for the risk-based application of PPE in hazardous workplaces, this study sorted the 69 listed chemicals into five hazardous categories based on their LC50 and vapor pressures, and also assigned exposure categories according to exposure vulnerability for various types of work which are frequently performed throughout the life cycle of the chemicals. Conclusion: In the next study, an exposure risk matrix will be produced using the hazard rank of chemicals and workplace exposure risk, and then PPE will be selected to suit the categories of the exposure risk matrix.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.58-73
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to evaluate the equipment risk before and after SEMI S2-93A implementation, thus providing a guideline for safety improvement. Semiconductor Plant A located in Taiwan's Hsinchu Science Based Industrial Park with 147 manufacturing machines was used for risk assessment. This study was carried out in three steps. First, a preliminary hazard analysis was conducted. A detailed process safety evaluation was conducted (Hazard and Operability Study, HAZOP); and finally, the equipment risk comparison before and after Semiconductor Equipment Manufacturing Instruction (SEMI S2-93A) implementation. The preliminary hazard analysis results showed high risk in 21.77% of the manufacturing machines under risk assessment at Plant A. The largest percentage existed in the Diffusion Department. The machine types specified by the hazardous work site review and inspection according to Article 26 of Labor Inspection Regulation (the machines that use such chemicals as, $SiH_4$, HF, HCL, etc. and that are determined to be highly hazardous through preliminary hazard analysis) were added to the detailed process analysis and evaluation. In the third part of this evaluation, the machines at Plant A used for detailed process safety assessment were divided into two groups based on the manufacturing data before and after 1993. The severity, possibility, and actual accident analysis before and after SEMI S2-93A implementation were compared. The Semiconductor Equipment Manufacturing Instruction (SEMI S2-93A) implementation can reduce the severity and possibility of hazard occurrence.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2016

실무에서 사용되고 있는 제방의 안전도 평가는 여러 가지 붕괴원인 중 하나의 요인에 대해서만 평가를 하거나 주로 제방의 물리적인 특성을 이용한 1차원 수리분석을 통한 평가에 국한되어 왔다. 하지만 이러한 평가기법들은 제방의 다양한 붕괴원인을 동시에 고려할 수 없으며, 정확한 지형정보를 필요로 하는 곳에서 신뢰도가 떨어지는 문제점을 안고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 정확한 지형정보를 반영한 2차원 수리해석을 결과를 이용하여 제방의 다양한 붕괴원인인 월류, 침투, 침식위험도를 동시에 고려한 제방 위험도 지수를 제안하였다. 낙동강 유역의 주요 합류부에 대해 하천준설사업 전 후의 지형 변화를 고려하여 2차원 수리모형을 이용한 수리해석을 실시하고 그 결과를 통해 제방 위험도를 평가하였다. 본 연구는 정확한 하천의 형상을 반영한 수리해석 결과를 이용한 객관적이고 신뢰도 높은 제방위험도 평가에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.5792-5799
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• 2013

본 연구는 떡류의 HACCP(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point)시스템 적용을 위한 목적으로 하였다. 떡의 주원료, 작업장 시설과 작업자 등에 대하여, 2012년 9월 12일~2013년 2월 13일까지 서울시 용산구 서계동 소재에 있는 KB 업체에서 제공받았다. 제조공정도는 일반적인 떡류 제조업체의 제조공정을 참고로 작성하였다. 제조공정도는 원료 농산물(맵쌀, 찹쌀, 팥 등), 부재료, 용수와 포장재료의 입고, 보관, 계량, 세척, 불림, 분쇄, 체선별, 혼합, 시루작업, 증자, 내포장, 금속검출, 외포장, 보관 및 출하공정으로 Fig. 1과 같이 작성하였다. 원료농산물의 미생물학적 위해요소 분석결과는 Table 1과 같다. 본 연구결과 떡의 원재료와 제품의 위해미생물검사 결과는 안전하나 제조환경과 작업자의 미생물검사 결과 체계적인 세척 및 소독을 실시하여 미생물학적 위해를 감소시키고 작업자 위생교육 등을 통하여 개인위생개념 향상과 작업장 내 공기중의 미생물 관리가 함께 이루어져야 할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

Modern systems can be characterized by ever-increasing complexity of both the functionality and system scale. Thus, due to the complexity the chances of accidents resulting from systems failure can then be growing. Even worse is that those accidents could result in disastrous damage to the human being and properties as well. Therefore, the need for the developed systems to be assured with systems safety is apparent in a variety of industries such as rail, automobiles, airplanes, ships, oil refinery, chemical production plants, and so on. To this end, in the industry an appropriate safety standard has been published for its own safety-assured products. One of the core activities included in the most safety standards is hazard analysis. A conventional approach to hazard analysis seems to depend upon the scenarios derived from the ones used previously in similar systems or based on former experience. The objective of this paper is to study an improved process for scenario-based hazard analysis. To achieve the goal, the top-level safety requirements have first been reflected in the scenarios. By analyzing and using them, the result has then lead to the development of safety-assured systems. The method of modeling and simulation has been adopted in the generation and verification of scenarios to check whether the safety requirements are reflected properly in the scenarios. Application of the study result in the case of rail safety assurance has also been discussed.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.231-240
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implementing the HACCP system on foodservice establishments. At first, the hygienic conditions were measured by microbiological hazard analyses of the cooking utensils and working areas. In order to solve the detected problems, the HACCP system was implemented, after what was considered a sufficient settlement period following the initial assessment, then microbiological verification was performed again. In relation to the cooking utensils and equipment(kitchen knives, cutting boards, knives for shredding vegetables, refrigerators, baskets, barts, working tables, preparation tables, tungs, dish-clothes and drains) the microbiological inspection on the Total Plate Count, Coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, were conducted with regard to the working areas(working tables, preparation tables, seasoning's shelves, serving tables, drinking water tables, refrigerators, storage rooms and dining tables), the Total Plate Count and Fungi were also examined. According to the microbiological hazard analyses there were many problems, especially with cutting boards, baskets, barts, dish-clothes and sinkballs. However, by introducing the HACCP system, the microbiological hazard levels were able to be controlled and lowered, and the total aerial bacteria in the working areas of the foodservice establishments were detected at levels below 6 CFU/plate.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 지리정보기반의 강풍위해지도를 개발하였으며, 이는 지표조도모형, 지형할증모형, 균일강풍지도로 구성된다. 지표조도모형은 지표조도가 지표풍에 미치는 영향을 반영하기 위해서 개발되었다. 지형에 의한 풍속할증을 반영하기 위하여 지형 할증모형을 개발하였다. 지형에 의한 풍속할증은 건축구조설계기준(2005)을 채용하여 산정하였다. 균일강풍지도는 기상자료를 이용한 빈도분석법과 태풍 시뮬레이션을 통하여 개발되었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 강풍위해성 평가방법을 통한 강풍위해지도가 강풍에 의한 손실, 피해 및 보험료율 산정에 적용될 수 있음을 보였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.565-576
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• 2024

In this study, the earthquake risk assessment of single-story RC precast buildings in Turkey was carried out using loss curves. In this regard, Kocaeli, a seismically active city in the Marmara region, and this building class, which is preferred intensively, were considered. Quality and period parameters were defined based on structural and geometric properties. Depending on these parameters, nine main sub-classes were defined to represent the building stock in the region. First, considering the mean fragility curves and four different central damage ratio models, vulnerability curves for each sub-class were computed as a function of spectral acceleration. Then, probabilistic seismic hazard analyses were performed for stiff and soft soil conditions for different earthquake probabilities of exceedance in 50 years. In the last step, 90 loss curves were derived based on vulnerability and hazard results. Within the scope of the study, the comparative parametric evaluations for three different earthquake intensity levels showed that the structural damage ratio values for nine sub-classes changed significantly. In addition, the quality parameter was found to be more effective on a structure's damage state than the period parameter. It is evident that since loss curves allow direct loss ratio calculation for any hazard level without needing seismic hazard and damage analysis, they are considered essential tools in rapid earthquake risk estimation and mitigation initiatives.