• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2012

This study has attempted to establish an analysis method through validation against heavy metals in the body (Pb, Cd and Hg) using ICP-MS and Gold amalgamation and find out the relevance between heavy metal and Alzheimer's disease after analyzing the distribution of heavy metal concentration (Pb, Cd and Hg) and correlations between a control group and Alzheimer's disease group. In this study, Pb and Cd levels in the blood and serum were validation using ICP-MS. For analysis of Hg levels in the blood and serum, the gold amalgamation-based 'Direct Mercury Analyzer' has been used. According to an analysis on the heavy metal concentration (Pb, Cd and Hg concentration) in the blood, Cd concentration was high in the Alzheimer's disease group. In the serum, on the contrary, Pb and Hg were high in the Alzheimer's disease group. For analysis of correlations between heavy metal levels in the blood and serum and Alzheimer's disease, t-test has been performed. Even though correlations were observed between the blood lead levels and Alzheimer's disease, they were statistically insignificant because the concentration was higher in a control group. No significance was found in Cd and Hg. In the serum, on the other hand, no statistical significance was found between the heavy metal (Pb, Cd and Hg) and Alzheimer's disease. In this study, no statistical significance was observed between heavy metal and decrease in cognitive intelligence. However, it appears that a further study needs to be performed because the results of the conventional studies were inconsistent.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.230-247
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate and analyze technology teachers' and other subject teachers' satisfactions with motivation-hygiene factors in order to provide informations for their job motivation at secondary schools. The data were collected from 216 technology teachers and other subject teachers in Gwangju City and Chon-nam Province and analyzed and tested at p<.05 or more by employing t-test through SPSS program. The average satisfaction levels of the teachers were M = 3.85 with compounded motivation factors and M = 3.38 with compounded hygiene factors. The former is higher the latter. In the satisfaction levels of individual factors responsibility was first, work itself second, achievement third, and human relation, job safety, growth opportunity, recognition, supervision skill subsequently went down. The satisfaction levels of these factors were higher than neutral(M = 3.00). On the other hand, the satisfaction levels of work environment and payment were a little lower than neutral. Technology teachers were more satisfied than other subject teachers with responsibility and human relation factors among 10 motivation and hygiene factors. They had more positive perception than the others with these two. Generally, these teachers groups presented almost the equal satisfaction level with motivation and hygiene factors. The data were collected from technology teachers and other subject teachers in Gwangju City and Chon-nam Province and thus these might not be applicable to teachers in other cities and provinces.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.627-636
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop the multi-modal interaction system. This system provides realistic and an immersive experience through multi-modal interaction. The system recognizes user behavior, intention, and attention, which overcomes the limitations of uni-modal interaction. The multi-modal interaction system is based upon gesture interaction methods, intuitive gesture interaction and attention evaluation technology. The gesture interaction methods were based on the sensors that were selected to analyze the accuracy of the 3-D gesture recognition technology using meta-analysis. The elements of intuitive gesture interaction were reflected through the results of experiments. The attention evaluation technology was developed by the physiological signal analysis. This system is divided into 3 modules; a motion cognitive system, an eye gaze detecting system, and a bio-reaction sensing system. The first module is the motion cognitive system which uses the accelerator sensor and flexible sensors to recognize hand and finger movements of the user. The second module is an eye gaze detecting system that detects pupil movements and reactions. The final module consists of a bio-reaction sensing system or attention evaluating system which tracks cardiovascular and skin temperature reactions. This study will be used for the development of realistic digital entertainment technology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.433-440
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• 2018

As government research and development projects become more important, such as the creation of future-oriented growth engines and expansion of budgets, the future vision of R&D is presented through paradigm shifts such as efficiency, investment direction and strategy. On the other hand, research and interest in sanctions are poor, and this paper examines legal grounds, comparative analysis of laws, and cases outside the country, draws implications for domestic applications, have. In addition, we will contribute to the prevention of damages caused by neglect, or the transparency of the execution of research funds. This study was conducted by comparing the characteristics of government R&D and sanctions with the sanctions for the top three R&D investment related SMEs. In Korea, starting with the introduction of sanctions in 2001, the moral hazard of research and development has been prevented through the cumulative violation of aggravation, expansion of the period of restriction of participation, and the introduction of a strikeout system. Nevertheless, fraudulent use of business expenses is constantly being detected. In order to ensure maximum autonomy and stronger responsibility than strong institutions, the willingness of the researchers to execute transparent business expenses, the moral approach to public resources, Precedence of recognition conversion is important.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.59-67
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• 2015

Purpose - The number of consumers adopting a lifestyle of health and sustainability has recently increased with the rise of trends in healthy living. The size of the organic agricultural product market has also increased given that these consumers prefer consuming environmentally friendly products that promote family health. However, awareness of organic agricultural products remains insufficient because of the characteristics of the Korean organic agriculture system, which only focuses on food safety inspection. The object of this research is to suggest a policy approach to increase understanding and to expand the purchasing of organic agricultural products by analyzing the influence of customer recognition of such products on their willingness to repurchase. Research design, data, and methodology - This study used binomial logistic regression analysis with the aim of explaining the effects of consumers' socio-demographic characteristics, their awareness of the equivalence arrangement for organic food and of the abolishment of low-pesticide agricultural product certification, and their viewing of negative broadcasts about organic agricultural products on their repurchase intention of such products. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 655 respondents who were in their 20s, lived either in Seoul or in its metropolitan area, and had purchased organic agricultural products. Result - From the results of the analysis, the majority of the respondents recognized organic agricultural products, but they found their prices to be expensive. The majority of the respondents were also aware of the certification system and the reliability of organic agricultural products. However, the results indicate that efforts need to be made to recover consumer trust as many respondents stated that their trust levels in these products were low. In general, those purchasing organic agricultural products were satisfied, but those answering "very satisfied" were not in the majority. Binomial logistic regression analysis results revealed that repurchase intention decreased as consumers viewed a greater number of negative broadcasts about these products. On the other hand, repurchase intention increased as they became more aware of the abolishment of low-pesticide certification. Repurchase intention also increased as income increased, as the number of family members decreased, and when a consumer was a member of a consumer organization. In addition, the older the consumers were who watched the TV programs, the smaller the number of family members that were aware of the abolishment of low-pesticide agricultural product certification and, the higher the income of the consumers aware of organic equivalence arrangement, the greater their repurchase intention. Conclusion - External stimuli, such as negative TV programs on organic agricultural products and the abolishment of the low-pesticide agricultural product certification, relevant social issues and systems, influence consumer repurchase intention. To that end, positive environmental and ecological broadcasting about organic agricultural products would contribute to an increase in purchasing. Additionally, this could be used for promotion and marketing plans as the results indicate that trust in organic agricultural products would cause a positive repurchasing effect.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.55-65
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• 2019

Purpose - Recently, the fourth industrial revolution is rapidly progressing, and the central government-led innovation system is not able to flexibly cope with changes in science and the economy and society. To solve these problems, it is necessary for local governments, which can easily identify and flexibly respond to local sites, to become self-centered and ready to respond more quickly to massive changes. Through this research, this study investigated the awareness of the elements of Jeonnam Province's capabilities in the field of science and technology policy, the importance of R&D, and how network cooperation among the base institutions might affect performance. Research design, data, and methodology - In fact, the data used in this study only 115 people were polled, excluding five who did not respond to the necessary variables. The methods of the survey were sampled, and the means of the survey were investigated via a self-contained electronic file (e-mail). Statistical analysis, including hypothesis verification, was performed by SPSS 19. The regression analysis was used. Results - All factors significantly affect performance by dividing them into five sub-fields: R&D strategic establishment, R&D demand survey, R&D planning, R&D evaluation, and R&D project management. These results suggest the importance and need for local scientific technology policy capabilities. Besides, it was confirmed that the relationship between regional science and technology policy capabilities and performance was moderated by the recognition of the importance of science technology and network cooperation among the core organizations. Conclusions - As a result, independent variables regarding the capabilities of each scientific technology policy were found to be statistically significant and have a significant effect on performance. Second, the regression analysis has shown the moderation effects of R&D importance awareness between the capabilities of science and technology policies and their performance. On the other hand, a regression analysis showing that the capabilities of science and technology policies and network cooperation between the base regions were not significant, indicating that there is no effect of moderation of network cooperation between the base regions between the capabilities of science and technology policies and performance.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.76-94
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• 2001

Promoting positive values, attitudes, participation and personal actions on the basis of the acquisition of one's knowledge and skills is emphasized on teaching environmental education. To complete this purpose of environmental education, it is necessary not only to use various and practical educational resources, but also to develop information system, with multimedia and internet, which are effective for learning. This research attempts to assess the consistency of planning, organization and operation of integrated program for social environmental education which was developed for the necessities mentioned above. We surveyed about the accuracy of contents, usefulness, convenience and easiness of Integrated program for social environmental education. Also, we used a questionnaire to clarify the values and attitudes of respondents after they took environmental education. Then, technically, descriptive statistical method has been used to analyze the results of these surveys. Finally, we conduct an examination of the distribution of chi-square to verify the relationship between the learner's experience of using computer and one's concern about environmental issues. The results of this program, developed by research team, can be assessed by following five basic elements: usefulness, practicality, appropriation, efficiency and effectiveness. More than 90% of respondents said that this program is convenient and easy to loam. Also, more than 85% of whole respondents identified that after teaming this program they recognized more clearly what the main contents of environmental education are. In addition, we got positive response from 93% of respondents that they could understand environmental problems. On the other hand, values and attitudes of respondents have not improved a lot after the environmental education compared with the remarkable change in their recognition and understanding of environmental issues; only 34% of respondents responded that they changed their life style for making better environment after teaming this program. But it is clear that they understand much better about the environmental policy after they are educated. Developed by using information system, this integrated program for social environmental education may get different results according to a respondent's experience of using computer. Therefore, the more a respondent got a chance to use computer for a long period of time, the more he/she gave positive evaluation on the convenience and easiness of this program. However, there was no certain relationship between the frequence of using computer and one's understanding of environmental issues. Futhermore, a person who has constant concerns about environmental problems showed more positive attitudes against the understanding of environmental education. This integrated program for social environmental education, characterized by integrated, specialized and efficient educational system, can also be used as a curriculum or teaching materials for environmental education for adults; especially, it would be appropriate for teaching learners at all levels, who have different personal characteristics, to let them acquire virtual education by using information system.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-145
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• 2004

Many physical therapy who graduate department of physical therapy interested in physical therapy specialist. The boundary of physical therapy specialist is consist of 7 parts; CCS(Cardiopulmonary Certified Specialist), ECS(Clinical Electrophysiologic Certified Specialist), GCS(Geriatric Certified Specialist), NCS(Neurologic Certified Specialist), NCS(Neurologic Certified Specialist), OCS(Orthopaedic Certified Specialist), PCS(Pediatric Certified Specialist), SCS(Sports Certified Specialist). So the purpose of this study was to investigate of undergraduate student's interest about the area of special physical therapy and its academy. The data were collected from May 17 to 24, 2004 and 158 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. It was for undergraduate students who major in physical therapy in college and university which are located in Busan, Ulsan and Kyoungnam province. The result is follows: 1. The research about the study of physical therapy after graduation was that 45.5% of female thought that they going to study as possible as they can was the best. In the case of men, 54.3% of male thought that they going to study was the best. 2. The result about recognition of special physical therapy was that 62.0% of people answered CCS, 69.6% of people answered GCS. The most familiar part of special physical therapy at course of school curriculum was that 88.0% of people answered OCS, and 84.2% of people answered NCS. 3. The result about the most interesting part of special physical therapy was that 68.6% of male and 36.1% of female answered OCS. On the other hand, the least part that people doesn't care was that 41.2% of male answered PCS, and 41.0% of female answered CCS. 4. About educational matters of special physical therapy and its academy was that 60% of answered 'Not enough'. An answer to question of special physical therapy and its academy's educational necessity. At the a course of faculty and clinical practice was that 58.9% of answered 'somewhat necessary'. After graduation, study a plan of special physical therapy was that 59.5% of answered 'immediate academy'. 5. Recognize scale in alternation physical therapy, think of extend physical therapy's territory is 'necessary of extend territory' was 78% the highest answer. 57.6% of answered was concerned about alternating physical therapy, and want to study.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-71
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• 1995

This research has been attempted to measure health acknowledgement and needs of 1158 respondents, the parents of elementary, middle, and high school students, residing in Seoul and In-chon. 1. The majority of parents had high interests in health and their children's health education. In addition, more than half of parents showed positive responses in their willingness to participate in organizational activities. 2. 41.7% of parents thought that their children were receiving health education regularly. For their recognitions of the course title, 'Physical Education' was the most highly recognized by the parents of elementary and middle school students, and 'Military Drill' for the parents of high school students. 3. A high number of parents perceived the problems of school health education. 4. There was a high number of parents, who thought that health education teachers' knowledge was deficient, and 86.3% of them agreed that additional education for 33the teachers should be desired. 5. 95.5% of parents acknowledged the necessity of health education; 78.8% of them recognized the reinforcement of health education; and 60.0% of them percepted the necessity of establishing the independent health education courses. 6. For the matter of instruction period, the majority of parents responded that health education should be taught from "kindergarten" and "elementary school". For the appropriate instruction hour per a week, the majority answered 1 hour. Most respondents answered that those, who majored in health education, should be the appropriate teachers. 7. The survey result indicated that there was a close correlation between the cognition of the importance of health education and the correspondents' health educational background, their interest and willingness to participate in health education. 8. The most desired areas of health education were Safety Education and Health-Habit. The followings were Environmental Health, Prevention of Disease, Mental Health, Growth and Nutrition, and Drug-Abuse in a sequent order. The parents of elementary school students showed a high acknowledgement on Health-Habit, Growth and Nutrition, and Prevention of disease, Safety Education. On the other hand, as the children entered into the advanced schools, the parents' recognition of the health education needs shifted into Sex education, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health. 9. Those respondents, who recognized the necessity of health education and advocated the establishment of independent health education courses, had a strong demand for the implementation of the health education.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.70-87
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• 2013

This study investigated contents of mission statements for Strategic Management of hospitals in Korea and Japan. For the study, 44 tertiary care hospitals in korea, which were accredited by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, were selected. And 83 special functioning hospitals in Japan, which were approved by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, were included. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted by classifying 5 components of the mission statement; market, service, philosophy, image, contribution. Findings from this study are as follow. First, hospitals in Korea emphasized image(93.2%) and philosophy(81.8%) components in their mission statements, whereas hospitals in Japan highlighted components of service(89.2%) and market(72.3%). In detail, mission statements of Korean tertiary care hospitals describe the components of hospital's image (93.2%), philosophy(81.8%), contribution(56.8%), market(22.7%) and service (18.2%) in order. On the other hand, mission statements of Japanese special functioning hospitals describe hospital's service(89.2%), market(72.3%), contribution(61.4%), image (49.4%) and philosophy(34.9%), respectively. Second, as results of Content analysis, there were some differences in mission statements of hospitals between two countries, and it is mainly from the divergences of standards for recognition of medical institutions, environmental factors, and different ways of mission statement description. For strategic hospital management, carrying out innovative restructuring organization or promoting of research and training for medical development is considered as a desirable approach. However, clear description of mission statement is more important and it is required for effective control and managing organization. And then the mission should be communicated within an organization so all internal members understand it and put their efforts to achieve the mission of organization. In conclusion, it is recommended that a leader and senior managers should re-evaluate its mission statement whether it reflects characteristics of an organization. In addition, a mission statement should be created or improved based on critical decision, as well as it should be clearly shared within an organization in order to become a future oriented organizations.