• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.487-500
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL). Methods: The MENQOL was translated into Korean according to algorithm of linguistic validation process. A total of 308 menopausal women were recruited and assessed using the Korean version of MENQOL (MENQOL-K), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-K). In estimating reliability, internal consistency reliability coefficients were calculated. Validity was evaluated through criterion validity and construct validity with confirmatory factor analyses using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 25.0 software. Results: In item analyses, the "increased facial hair" symptom was excluded because of the low contribution of MENQOL-K. The confirmatory factor analysis supported good fit and reliable scores for MENQOL-K model, and the four-factor structure was validated (χ²=553.28, p<.001, NC=1.84, RMSEA=.05, AGIF=.85, AIC=765.28). The MENQOL-K consists of 28 items in 4 domains, including vasomotor (3 items), psychosocial (7 items), physical (15 items), and sexual subscales (3 items). There was an acceptable criterion validity with moderately significant correlation between MENQOL-K and WHOQOL-BREF. The Cronbach's α for the 4 subsacles ranged from .80 to .93. Conclusion: The MENQOL-K is a valid and reliable scale to measure condition-specific quality of life for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. It can be used to assess the impact of menopausal symptoms on the quality of life of Korean women in clinical trials.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.513-524
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• 2020

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental and biological exposure of local residents who consumed arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year. Methods: As a part of water quality inspections for small-scale water supply facilities, surveys were conducted of residents of two villages that exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. The environmental impact survey consisted of surveys on water quality, soil, and crops in the surveyed area. Biological monitoring was performed by measuring the separation of arsenic species in urine and total arsenic in hair. Results: In the results of biological monitoring, the concentrations of AsIII and AsV were 0.08 and 0.16 ㎍/L, respectively. MMA and DMA were 0.87 and 36.19 ㎍/L. There was no statistically significant difference between the group who drank arsenic-removed groundwater or water from the small-scale supply facility and the group who drank tap water, purified water, or commercial bottled water. Some of the water samples exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. There were no samples in the soil or rice that exceeded the acceptable threshold. Conclusion: In the case of short-term exposure to arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year, there were no significant problems of concern from the evaluation of biological monitoring after arsenic was removed.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2017

Background: The traditional approach for reduction of frontal sinus fractures is coronal incision. Inherent complications of the coronal approach include long scar, hair loss, and long operation time. We describe a simple approach for the reduction of frontal sinus anterior wall fractures using a suprabrow incision that is commonly used for brow lift. Methods: From March 2007 to October 2016, the authors identified patients with anterior wall frontal sinus fractures treated by open reduction through a suprabrow incision. Only cases with photographic/radiographic documentation and a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included. The incision line was designed to be at the upper margin of the eyebrow. Medical records and radiographic data were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical outcomes, cosmetic results, and complication were assessed. The patient scale of the patient and observer scar assessment scale was used to assess patient satisfaction for incisional scar at the 6-month follow-up. Results: Thirty-one patients underwent fracture reduction through a suprabrow approach during the study period, with a mean follow-up of 41 months. No patients showed any recurrent displacement, eyebrow asymmetry, or infection during follow-up. Thirteen patients reported their forehead paresthesia postoperatively, and 12 of them had preoperative symptom. One patient complained of incisional scar and underwent scar revision. All patients were satisfied with their eyebrow and forehead contour. Conclusion: The suprabrow approach allowed for an accurate reduction of the fractures in the anterior wall frontal sinus by providing direct visualization of the fracture. This transcutaneous approach can effectively restore forehead contour with acceptable postoperative complications and patient satisfaction.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.389-394
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• 1996

This study was carried out to determine the causative agent of dermatophytosis in 7 horses, and to examine the skin mycofloras on 84 healthy and 7 diseased horses which were derived from Jae-ju and Kyonggi, Korea in 1994~1995. Specimens of hair and scale were collected from skin lesions(or normal skins) and inoculated directly on potato dextrose agar and mycobiotic agar. These agar plates were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks. Growing fungi were isolated and identified by the morphological and nutritional characteristics. Lesions were found on the hind legs of an infected horses and each lesion was round or oval(1~4 cm) in shape accompanied by severe itching. The causative agent of the 7 equine dermatophytosis was identified as Trichophyton equinum. The skin mycofloras were Penicillium(69.0%), Aspergillus(63.2%), Cladosporium(51.7%), Fusarium(31.0%), Mucor(28.7%), Absidia(18.4%), Alternaria(17.2%), Acremonium(11.5%), Paecilomyces and Phycomyces(6.9%), Rhizopus(5.6%), Trichoderma(4.6%), Scopulariopsis and Trichophyton(3.5%), Beauveria(2.3%), Tritiracheum, Sporothrix, Curvularla, Aureobasidium and Chaetomium(1.2%), and Yeast(27.6%).

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2005

Fisheries buyback programs in Korea have been implemented since 1994, and their scales are estimated to be the present value of 930 billion won for the last 9 yens since 1994. The paper attempts to identify the patterns of each fish species, of which their yields can be steadily increased or significant]y decreased, and to evaluate its effective level and the optimal level for buyback programs by means of fishing capacity analysis. The paper distinguishes fish species, that there is no need to reduce the fishing efforts, such as anchovies, mackerels, squids, Spanish mackerels, and herrings, because MSY exceeds yields, from fish species to control overfishing such as file fish, yellow corvenias, young pollack, hair tail, snow crab, and pollack. The paper also suggests that 65% of the fishing efforts (total tonnages) should be cut back at the national aggregate level in order to restore fish stocks.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.112-115
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• 2019

An 11-month-old, 5.6 kg, grade 4 on a 5-point scale body condition score, castrated male Korean short hair cat was presented with right hindlimb lameness for 3 days without trauma. On physical examination, severe pain with crepitation was elicited at the hip region but not at the stifle. Radiographic examination and computed tomography revealed a Salter-Harris type 1 fracture of the femoral capital physis and dysplasia of the proximal tibial epiphysis. Spontaneous femoral capital physeal fracture was suspected and femoral head and neck osteotomy was performed. Treatment for proximal tibial dysplasia was not performed. On histopathologic examination of femoral head, a cluster of chondrocytes in a proliferative zone at the epiphyseal plate was observed. Therefore, spontaneous femoral capital physeal fracture was diagnosed. The patient recovered his gait, and no related clinical signs were observed during 6 months of follow-up.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5927-5936
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• 2014

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Jordanians. Breast cancer patients suffer from several negative consequences after treatment and these include pain, fatigue, sexual problems, appearance and body image concerns, with psychological dysfunction. This could affect the patient quality of life and psychological well-being. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published quantitative data on the quality of life and psychological well-being of breast cancer patients in Jordan. The objective of this study was to obtain such data and assess predictors with calculated scores. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted among breast cancer patients in Jordan diagnosed in 2009 and 2010, assessment was performed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Breast Module (QLQ-BR23) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Clinical, demographic and psychosocial indicators that could predict patient quality of life scores were collected. Results: The number of patients interviewed was 236 (mean age=$50.7{\pm}10.7$ years). The mean Global Health score for the QLQ-C30 was $63.7{\pm}20.2$ SD. Among functional scales, "social functioning" scored the highest ($mean=78.1{\pm}28.6$ SD), whereas "emotional functioning" scored the lowest ($mean=59.0{\pm}SD\;33.5$). For the QLQ-BR23, the worst scores within the functional scales were for "body image" ($mean=52.1{\pm}36.8$ SD) and "future perspective" ($mean=52.9{\pm}38.5$ SD). The worst symptom was "upset by hair loss" ($mean=69.8{\pm}43.0$). The mean HADS scores was $18.{\pm}9.0$ SD. Out of study participants, 53% scored abnormal on the anxiety scale and 45% on the depression scale. Severe depression and severe anxiety were detected among 8% and 14% of study participants, respectively. Statistically significant predictors for individual scores were similar to those reported in published studies, such as the presence of recurrence since baseline, family history of cancer, low educational status, current social problems, extent of the disease, presence of financial difficulties, and employment status. Conclusions and Recommendations: Breast cancer survivors in Jordan have overall good quality of life scores when compared with patients from Western countries. However, their psychological wellbeing is more impaired. There is an urgent need for psychosocial support programs and psychological screening and consultation for breast cancer patients at hospitals of the Ministry of Health in Jordan.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.301-338
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• 2002

한국산 사초속 사초아속(Eucarex Cross & Germ.) 피사초절(section Rhomboidales Nees) 4종과 그늘사초절(section Digitatae Fr.) 7종을 대상으로 외부형태학적 형질을 재검토하고, 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경을 사용하여 과낭, 수과와 잎의 표피형을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 얻어진 정량적 형질(줄기, 잎, 이삭, 비늘조각, 포, 과낭과 수과의 길이와 너비, 포의 수)과 정성적 형질(이삭, 비늘조각, 과낭과 수과의 모양, 엽설의 유무, 줄기단면과 비늘조각 윗부분의 모양) 및 과낭, 수과와 잎의 표피형(기본표피세포모양, 세포벽의 굴곡, 규소체의 수와 모양, 기공복합체의 크기와 빈도, 부세포의 모양)이 종을 동정, 식별하는데 유용하였다. 본 연구 결과 잎, 줄기, 암꽃 비늘조각과 과낭의 길이, 과낭부리 모양과 부리 표피형이 피사초절과 그늘사초절을 나누는 유용한 형질이 되었다. 그리고 외부형태학적 특징이 유사하여 동정에 어려움이 있어온 가는잎그늘사초(C. humilis Leyss.)와 그늘사초(C. lanceolata Boott.)는 줄기의 길이, 엽설의 유무, 줄기 단면모양과 과낭, 수과와 잎의 표피형에서 차이를 보여 두 종을 식별할 수 있었다. 또한 넓은잎그늘사초(C. pediformis C. A. Meyer)를 그늘사초(C. lanceolata Boott)의 아종이나 변종으로 취급하는 등 학명사용에 혼란이 있어 왔으나 과낭과 수과의 모양, 줄기 단면의 모양과 과낭, 수과와 잎의 표피형에서 뚜렷히 구분되어 각각 다른 종으로 취급하였고 학명과 국명을 정리할 수 있었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.569-578
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• 2015

남성들도 외모 추구스타일 변화, 그리고 외모관리행동과 그 추구가치에 상당한 변화가 나타났다고 보며 이에 대한 연구의 필요가 대두되었다. 이를 위해 남성들의 외모관리를 위한 정보 수용도와 이에 따른 추구가치별 특성을 분석하였다. 연구방법은 서울거주 직장인 남성 약 500명을 대상으로 온라인조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 다섯 가지 외모관리행동의 실용적 가치에 대한 추구 정도가 가장 높고, 미적 가치는 다른 두 개의 가치에 비해 외모관리행동 유형에 따라 매우 다르게 나타났다. 특히 피부관리 양식의 수용도는 다른 양식과는 달리 사회문화적 가치, 실용적 가치, 미적 가치 모두에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 미적가치 추구의 소극성과 실용적 가치와 사회문화적 가치의 중시 경향으로 나타났다. 헤어관리는 실용적 가치에 의해, 성형수술은 미적 가치에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 관리양식 부분에서는 피부관리 수용도만이 복합적 가치 추구에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 관리 양식별 마케팅으로는 헤어관리는 대규모 마케팅 캠페인이 오히려 효과적일 수 있으며, 성형 수술에 대한 비즈니스에 대해서는 좀 더 심미적 차원의 캠페인을 모색할 필요가 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• 감성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.603-611
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• 2007

남용 약물에 대한 갈망은 중독적인 행동을 지속하는 데 있어 중요하다. 갈망은 강화적이거나 보상적인 약물을 복용하고자 하는 강한 욕구와 관련된 다차원적인 현상으로 여겨진다. 본 연구에서는 알코올 사용 장애자와 정상인이 알코올 관련 자극(소량의 술을 마시기, 알코올 관련 시각 자극)에 노출되었을 때 갈망에 대한 심리적인 반응의 차이를 밝히고자 하였다. 알코올 관련 시각 자극을 개발하기 위하여 Normative Appetitive Picture System(NAPS)과 1차 집단 심리 실험을 통하여 알코올 자극을 선정하고 자극의 적합성과 효과성을 검증하여 자극을 최종 개발하였다. 본 실험을 위해 알코올 사용 장애를 가진 9명의 남녀 대학생(남:8명)과 9명의 비의존 남녀 대학생(남:8명)을 선정하였다. 실험참여자는 5cc 정도의 알코올을 복용하고, 알코올 자극, 음료 자극, 통제 자극(흐릿하게 변형된 알코올 자극)과 고정점 자극(십자가 기호)에 무선적으로 노출되었으며, 각 종류의 자극이 제시되고 나면 마우스를 이용하여 심리적 갈망 수준을 보고하였다. 심리반응 결과, 강박음주갈망척도, 음주 전, 음주 후 알코올 갈망에서 두 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 알코올 사용 장애 집단은 알코올 자극을 포함한 모든 자극에서 정상인 집단보다 높은 알코올 갈망 수준을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 알코올 사용 장애자는 알코올 자극에 의해 유발된 심리적 갈망이 정상인과 다른 것으로 나타났다.