• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 2013

In this research, with a goal of lessening the damage to hair by adding rose hip extract to permanent wave 1 solution and performing permanent wave procedure prior to acid dyeing and maximizing the effect of the procedure, rose hip extract 15%, 20% was added to each thioglycolate 1 solution and cysteine 1 solution and the procedure was performed. As a result, when performing the procedure by adding rose hip extract to permanent wave 1 solution thioglycolate and cysteine permanent wave 1 solution, the effect of wave effectiveness is increased and the damage to hair was confirmed to be low. Depending on the rose hip additive status in thioglycolate, the treatment effect of hair was shown to be beneficial. However, the limit of this research is that the thickness of hair strands for each person differs as well as the location of the hair contributing to the difference and therefore exact judgement regarding the shape of waves as well as the level of damage cannot be fully measured. In the following clinical tests, we will test the procedure on variety of hair types.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to provide beauticians with the fundamental material for them to use effectively heat permanent wave and satisfy their customers. It carried out an experiment with hair of a woman in her late twenties to investigate the change of physical and morphologic characteristics by its water content when performing heat permanent wave. It evaluated the water content as 0g, 1g, 2g, 3g and 4g respectively when performing the heat permanent wave on hair, then it compared and observed the wave type, tensile strength and elongation for its physical change also observed the morphologic change by scanning electronic microscope and transmission electronic microscope. The result of experiment on the physical specificity revealed that the wave was the most ideal when the water content was 2 g. The material with much water content made wave but the result was not satisfied. In the case of hair with water content of nearly 0g didn't make wave. In terms of tensile strength and elongation, the tensile strength was generally reduced as hair was damaged, on the contrary, the elongation was increased. It observed the change of morphologic characteristic and got the result that the damage on hair cuticle was deepen as its water content was decreased. It also showed the result that damage happened on hair cuticle more than hair cortex with the observation of fine structure on hair section by transmission electronic microscope. Generally chemical treatment damaged hair. Under consideration of this aspect, the ultimate goal of this thesis is to minimize the damage of hair caused by chemical treatment and get the satisfaction on the hair style. The result of experiment presented that the hair showed the best result when its water content was 2 g.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.775-781
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• 2022

As part of research to develop a permanent wave-reducing agent for hair, in the current study, 0.1%-1.0% of Polyquaternium-10 was added to a permanent reagent containing Nicotinoyl Dipeptide-23 to prepare the agent, which was tested on damaged hair. The pH change was relatively stable even after a date, but due to the hair's natural composition, 0.1%-0.6% of the Polyquaternium-10 concentration according to pH was suitable. The temperature safety experiment demonstrated it to be stable at a high temperature and at room temperature, but when a Polyquaternium-10 concentration of 0.9% or higher was added at 0℃, coagulation occurred. In terms of the force efficiency of permanent wave formation, wave efficiency lowered as the concentration increased: the longer the wave lasts, the lower the Polyquaternium-10 concentration. The permanent moisture content was found to be higher as the concentration of Polyquaternium-10 increased. Therefore, when Polyquaternium-10 is applied to the permanent wave-reducing agent, considering stability, permanent formation, durability, and moisture rate, the most suitable concentration was found to be that of Polyquaternium-10 in the cysteine-reducing agent. A novel finding from this study is that as the concentration of Polyquaternium-10 increases, the consistency of the permanent wave-reducing agent changes, shifting from a liquid to a viscous liquid formulation.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2002

The author of the paper investigated the changes of hairstyle along the developments in hairdressing industry in the 20th century. The development process of hairdressing industry was divided into four periods of introduction, origination, growth, and establishment. The corresponding changes of hairstyle were analyzed and the findings are as follows. 1. Hairstyle could be classified into such typical ones as traditional style, cut, bob, wave, permanent wave, up style, and hair coloring. 2. Fashion leaders affected the changes of hairstyle. 3. Whenever hairdressing appliances were introduced, new hairstyle was practiced as follows with the use of the appliances. (1) Introduction Period - Traditional Style : Chignon, pigtail ribbon $\rightarrow$ Variations were designed in hair length or split due to the limited availability of appliances. - Up Style : Pompadour, thick and up hair, encircling hair $\rightarrow$ Padding was used for sweep-up. (2) Origination Period - Bob Style : Women's first bob style. - Wave style : Wave with bob, close-cropped hair, up style $\rightarrow$ Iron, set, permanent devices were used. (3) Development Period - Wave Style : Wind wave, easily manageable wave $\rightarrow$ Blow dry, body permanent were used. (4) Establishment Period - Straight Style : Use of straight permanent. - Thick Wave Style : Development of various kinds of rod. - Hair Coloring : Advent of diverse fashion hair coloring, apart from the coloring of white hair, with the introduction of color TV. - Bob Style : Romantic bob style $^{\circ}\hat{E}$ Use of clippers and thinning scissors. Thus, the changes of hairstyle according to the development in hairdressing industry had close relationship with the improvement in hairdressing appliances.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.3277-3283
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 콜라겐의 처방이 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술시 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 정상모에 콜라겐을 농도별 처방한 퍼머넌트웨이브제로 퍼머넌트웨이브를 시술한 후 모발에 컬의 형성력, 굵기 관찰, 인장 강도, 메틸렌블루 흡광도, 수분 감소량 등의 변화를 측정하여 비교분석하였다. 결론적으로 퍼머넌트웨이브제의 콜라겐 처방 여부에 따라 모발의 굵기, 모발의 인장강도, 모발의 수분 감소량, 흡광도가 처방하지 않은 환원제에 대비하여 감소하였으며, 처방된 콜라겐의 농도가 증가할수록 모발의 손상도가 줄어드는 결과를 보였다. 그러나 콜라겐의 농도의 크기가 커질수록 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술시 컬의 형성력이 떨어지는 결과가 나타났다. 그러므로 퍼머넌트웨이브 시술시 모발의 손상도를 줄이기 위한 콜라겐 처방 농도는 2%가 적당하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2001

The purpose of these experiments is to improve the perm techniques which are fast growing and changing in our life style, for customer satisfaction and to use as basic data for academic purpose through comparing between two methods which are the new permanent wave treatment and the old one. I classified the hair samples to three kinds, which are healthy, normal, and damaged hair. This study is focused on the top part of hair sample which is damaged by strong and long-time sunshine. To get the best result, I use the scanning electron microscope (JSM-5200) as main device of these experiments. The followings are the results of these experiments. First, the new way of permanent wave technique has much more damage on hair than the old one. Second, There are big differences of damaging in this study. The harmed hair has worse result than the healthier hair.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

It is a great role that the character of man or woman could be distinguished by hair on the aspect of ornament. Hair will be support of beautifulness of human being in various permanent wave by many kinds of its drugs. Hair is based upon the skin which enroll the body of high living animals and have multiple membrane structure. This study used rat and the effects of commercial permanent wave products to skin which are composed with thioglycolic acid and bases. Results are as follows. Permanent wave penetrated to 4 hours later with steady state in skins and was not significant changeable after 20hr later. In case of neutralizer with thioglycolic acid lag time and permeability coefficient in healthy skin is 3.38hr and $0.094^{\mu}g/cm^{2}$ ${\cdot}$ hr, it old skin is 3.48hr and 0.129$^{\mu}g/cm^{2}$ ${\cdot}$ hr, and it wounded skin is 4.72hr and $0.158^{\mu}g/cm^{2}$ ${\cdot}$ hr. In conclusion, lag time and permeability coefficient in old skin and wounded skin are faster than healthy skin. In vivo which was studied by general time and method of permanent wave. We notified that fine rinkle and rash of skin were changeable in the case of treating with permanent wave drugs than normal skin. We can see even rash and eruption by the naked eye.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2008

아미노산 자동분석기(amino acid auto analyzer, AAA)를 이용하여 모발의 탈색 및 퍼머넌트 웨이브 시술에 의한 모발시료의 17가지 아미노산(aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystein, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine) 함량변화를 조사하였다. 시료는 30대 남성 10명의 모발을 채취하였으며 $110^{\circ}C$ 24 h 동안 6 N 염산 10 mL로 가수분해 후 분석하였다. 실험결과 처치별 모발의 아미노산 함량은 정상모발 73.9%, 퍼머넌트 웨이브 모발 71.5% 및 탈색모발 69.3%로 분석되었고, 탈색효과에 의한 아미노산 함량 감소가 퍼머넌트 웨이브 효과에서 보다 크게 분석되었다. 특히 lysine과 tyrosine의 조성은 탈색이나 퍼머넌트 웨이브 모발에서 25% 가량 현저히 감소하였다. 반면에 serine, cystein, leucine 및 histidine의 함량변화는 일어나지 않았다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2021

본 연구는 홈케어 헤어트리트먼트 특성 및 사용 빈도에 따라 퍼머넌트 웨이브 시술시 모발에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 시중에 유통되는 헤어트리트먼트를 양이온계면활성제, 실리콘 오일로 구분하였다. 사용빈도에 따라 제품별 5회, 10회, 20회 다르게 헤어트리트먼트를 처리한 후 헤어 퍼머넌트 웨이브를 시술하였다. 실험 방법으로 모발의 굵기, 인장강도, SEM을 이용한 모표피 관찰, EDS를 이용한 모발 구성 원소 분석을 하였다. 실험 결과 천연유래성분이 주성분이며 양이온계면활성 및 실리콘 오일이 미첨가된 제품군이 모발 보호 효과가 높게 측정되었다. 이에 천연유래성분을 이용한 제품군이 더욱 연구 개발되어야 하며 자극적 화학 성분이 첨가된 제품은 사용 방법 및 빈도에 대한 연구가 진행 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.288-295
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• 2021

본 연구는 마스크팩 유효성분을 흡착시킨 엔드 페이퍼를 퍼머넌트 웨이브 시술시 모발에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 시중에 판매되는 마스크팩 중 청귤, 콜라겐, 어성초 유효성분을 함유한 마스크팩을 구입하여 엔드 페이퍼에 흡착시켜 퍼머넌트 웨이브를 시술하였다. 실험 방법으로 모발 굵기, 모발 보습력, 인장강도, SEM을 이용한 모표피 관찰, EDS를 이용한 모발 구성 원소 분석을 하였다. 실험 결과 어성초 유효성분을 엔드 페이퍼에 처리한 실험군이 모발 굵기, 인장강도, 모표피 관찰, 모발 구성 원소 분석 결과 모발 보호효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 청귤 유효성분을 엔드 페이퍼에 처리한 실험군은 모발 보습력 실험 결과에서 비교적 많은 수분을 함유하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 유효성분들이 함유된 기초화장품 제품들을 활용하여 모발화장품으로 개발하여 활용하고, 산업현장에서 화학시술 시에 적용할 수 있도록 다양한 재료와 도구들에 대한 개발과 연구가 진행되기를 바라는 바이다.