• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.551-557
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• 2017

Hair beauty treatments that can express individuality have increased and diversified. However, their repetitive use has also brought about hair damage. To reduce such damage, the importance of hair treatments when receiving chemotherapy has magnified greatly. In this study, the hair (normal hair, NH) of 5 people in their 20s has been collected and observed with SEM before dyeing (NH), after dyeing (DH) and after dyed and treated (DTH) to measure the hair's morphological damage and mineral content. SEM observation results revealed that, in DTH, a cuticle-like arrangement appears almost uniformly, the hair settles, the lines are smooth, and the damage degree is low. Regarding mineral content, the concentration of minerals was generally balanced. However, in the observation of toxic minerals and minerals found in large amounts, the concentration of Ba, Na, Ca, and Mg was higher than the balance range in NH, DH, and DTH.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.433-439
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the morphological and physical changes of hair after bleaching treatments with different concentration of hydrogen peroxide in bleaching agent (3, 6, 9, or 12%) and various treatment time (10, 30, or 60 minutes). Tresses of virgin black hair were bleached using a commercial ammonium persulfate-hydrogen peroxide solution. The tensile strength of virgin hair treated with a bleaching agent depended on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the treatment time. As the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in bleaching agent went high and the treatment time increased, the tensile strength of the hair increased but the extension degree decreased. The virgin hairs which were not treated by bleaching agent showed morphologically healthy cuticle, whereas the bleached hairs showed swelled and damaged cuticle patterns. The swelling of the hair and the breaks of the cuticles increased positively by the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the treatment time. These results suggest that exposure to more concentrated hydrogen peroxide with other bleaching components may lead to more severe hair damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.133-142
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• 2003

As you see, there's no difference of the hair's before and after Magic straight permanent on the example A's hair's thickness, the rate of the tense and the C's rate of the tense, but we can find that there are a lot of difference of the A's strength of the hair, the B's hair's thickness, the strength of the hair, the rate of the tense, the C's hair's thickness, and the strength of the hair on the before and after the Magic straight permanent. That is to say, there are more damage on the condition of normal hair than the one after the Magic straight permanent. On the change of the hair's physical character, before the permanent, the hair's schedule was regular and had the healthy head skin of clear mutual boundary But after the Magic straight permanent wave, the hair's schedule changed to unregural, had unclear mutual boundary of the head skin and the schedule was taken off so the cortex showed up and so on, every condition of the damage was very heavy. On the effect of the treatment, even though it gaves the worth condition of the hair, after the Magic straight permanent formally the change of the hair gives the beautiful straight.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.336-340
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• 2007

In this study, "housewives" are defined as married women who take care of housework mostly and do not work outside of home. Changing family types and higher education level of housewives enable them to be more interested in heath, beauty, and appearance. Increased interest and more frequent visits to hair salons cause scalp damage as well as hair damage, which results in hair loss. Moreover, some women suffers from scalp and hair damage due to childbirth, but many of them are not aware of it. Therefore, this study tries to find out the following; housewives' perceptions on hair and scalp management, and how such perceptions are formed. In addition, this study will present the direction for beauty marketing taking into account the characteristics of housewives and provide data necessary for them to keep their hair and scalp healthy. For these purposes, a survey was carried out after modifying the questionnaire through a presurvey. The survey tried to find 1) perceptions on hair and scalp management according to demographic characteristics, and attitude toward hair and scalp management according to demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, cross tabulation, t-test, factor analysis, and Analysis of Variance. The results were as follows, most recognize the importance of hair and scalp management but do not receive management because of the high cost, most of them receive information about hair and scalp management from people around them, and the higher the education level and health status, the more active the attitude toward hair and scalp management. These differences were all statistically significant.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.341-346
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• 2007

This research is the hair damage as treating a perm before and after that is compared the change of surface characteristics of human hair. On the basis of this, we would to show a basic data for hair damage prevention and hair improvement to keep the beautiful and healthy hair. Results are as follows; For the change of formational characteristics of hair surface, untreated hair before the perm treatment had smooth appearance overall and undamaged scale that is in pattern and finely folded was observed but damaged hair and extremely hair had uneven edge and damages throughout along with the dissolution of scale which the border of epidermal gap is unclear. Hair after a perm treatment caused cortical exposures due to extensive loss of scale during the treatment and even bubble effect. Protein perm, regular perm, soft perm, and direct heating perm, in that order, had the most damages to the hair.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1E
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

The inner hair cell stereocilia of the guinea pig cochlea was examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after loud tone exposure onto the ear drum of the animal. Before and after guinea pigs were exposed to intensive and continuous tone such as 106 dB SPL in intensity, the functioning of the cochlea was monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. The structural damage of the stereocilia of inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) was examined using the SEM in x 1500 magnification. The comparison between the functional change of the cochlea and the structural damage of the IHC stereocilia is done by means of photographic observation. It can be shown that the functional change might be related to the structural damage of the IHC stereocilia after intensive acoustic trauma.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to recognize college students' thinking way for hair fashion. The tendency of hair style, hair dyeing and hair administration was examined with college students in Seoul, some cities and towns. Research analyzed and compared the result according to the distinction of sex, age and area. The questionnaire was asked to 257 boy students and 328 girl students. The result in this research is as following. 1. It was shown that our country college students were satisfied with their hair style on the whole. Especially, college students in Seoul appeared more satisfied tendency than other city or town. Seoul's college students preferred hair style of short haircut. Wide area city or small town's college students preferred long hair style. The degree of satisfaction about beauty salon service of Seoul city's college students is higher than that of wide area city or small town's college students. The reasons that they want to go to the beauty salon they used to are distance for boy students and excellent technology for girl students. Boy students change hair style regularly, but girl students change it when need to change their mood. 2. In our country, most college students had experienced that they had their hair dyed. More senior students had their hair dyed than junior students. Hair color that most like was nature brown. Seoul college students liked gold color. Seoul college students are more satisfied than wide area city or small town's college students after hair dyeing. Girl students thought that hair dyeing made their hair style excellent. 4. Girl students responded that their hair was much damaged. College students in Seoul had healthy hair. Girl students selected 「beauty art surgical operation」 for cause of hair damage, and boy student had the various causes of hair damage. College students in Seoul had much hair damage than students in any other area. Most were using shampoo, and girl students used much shampoo than boy students. Girl students selected shampoo according to their hair state, Seoul's college students had their hair washed with shampoo more frequently than other students. Girl students were getting more hair administration information with various form than boy students. Girl students used Hair Clinic for hair administration, but boy students never did it.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

This study examined knowledge and hair care behaviors of hair and scalp on UV(ultraviolet) comparing beauty care major and non-major female students. Results were obtained by questionnaire in 159 students majoring in beauty care and 198 students not majoring, was used frequency analysis, varimax rotation, t-test, F-test, Tukey post test. The analysis was statistically processed by using SPSS 12.0 program. The knowledge of hair and scalp on UV associated with a major showed significant on hair damage, in the UV, hair, scalp, hair damage, and UV and hair-related items, suggesting higher level in major female students. The results of care behaviors of UV and hair and scalp knowledge associated with a major. Correlation of care behaviors with a major showed significant results. For correlation by subfactor, there was significant difference in self-care, habitual care, and washing care between two groups, but there was no significant difference in protection care. It was found that both major and non-major students did not receive professional care.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2013

In this research, with a goal of lessening the damage to hair by adding rose hip extract to permanent wave 1 solution and performing permanent wave procedure prior to acid dyeing and maximizing the effect of the procedure, rose hip extract 15%, 20% was added to each thioglycolate 1 solution and cysteine 1 solution and the procedure was performed. As a result, when performing the procedure by adding rose hip extract to permanent wave 1 solution thioglycolate and cysteine permanent wave 1 solution, the effect of wave effectiveness is increased and the damage to hair was confirmed to be low. Depending on the rose hip additive status in thioglycolate, the treatment effect of hair was shown to be beneficial. However, the limit of this research is that the thickness of hair strands for each person differs as well as the location of the hair contributing to the difference and therefore exact judgement regarding the shape of waves as well as the level of damage cannot be fully measured. In the following clinical tests, we will test the procedure on variety of hair types.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.579-581
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• 2011

Spectroscopic evaluation of hair chemical damage was performed by SEM/EDS, CLSM, and FT-IR spectroscopy. In SEM/EDS, hydrogen peroxide treated hair showed the loose packing of surface scales, lower ratio of sulfur element and higher ratio of oxygen atom. In the optical single section by using CLSM, high fluorescent intensity appeared in untreated hair. However, in case of treated hair, low fluorescent intensity appeared. This results the aromatic amino acids which can be autofluorescent were more abundant than bleached hair. FT-IR spectra showed that cysteic acid band intensity was increased by performing the bleaching treatments. These results indicate that the oxidative damage cleaves the S-S bond and results in the lower working force of hair fiber.