• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1211-1216
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• 2006

The effect of a chronic programme of either low- or moderate-to-high-intensity treadmill running on the activation of the Extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2), Phosphorylated ERK 1/2(pERK1/2) and the Phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(pJNK) pathways was determined in rat Back skin Hair follicle. Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three groups: (i) sedentary group(NE; n=10); (ii) low-intensity exercise group (Bm/min; LIE; n=10); and (iii) moderate-high-intensity exercise group(28m1min; HIE; n=10). The training regimens were planned so that animals covered the same distance and had similar utilization for both LIE and HIE exercise sessions. The report runs as follows; A single bout of LIE or HIE following 4 weeks of exercise led to a twofold increase in the phosphorylation of ERK2, pERK2 and a threefold increase in pJNKl, pERKl. ERKI phosphorylation in LIE Back skin sampled and pJNK2 in HIE Back skin sampled 48h after the last exercise bout was similar to sedentary values, while pJNK2 phosphorylation in LIE Back skin sampled was 70-80% lower than sedentary. 48h after the last exercise bout of LIE or HIE increased ERK2, pERKl and pJNKl expression, with the magnitude of this increase being independent of prior exercise intensity or duration. PERK1/2, pJNKl expression was increased Three- to fourfold in Back skin Hair follicle sampled 48h after the last exercise bout irrespective of the prior exercise programme, but ERKI expression in HIE Back skin sampled was approximately 90% lower than sedentary values. In conclusion, exercise-training of different jntensities/durations results in selective postexercise activation of intracellular signal pathways, which may be one mechanism regulating specific adaptations induced by diverse training programmes.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: The antioxidant ebselen will be able to limit or prevent the ototoxicity arising from 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is a disorder of lysosomal storage manifested in sphingolipidosis. Recently, it was noted that experimental use of HPβCD could partially resolve the symptoms in both animals and human patients. Despite its desirable effect, HPβCD can induce hearing loss, which is the only major side effect noted to date. Understanding of the pathophysiology of hearing impairment after administration of HPβCD and further development of preventive methods are essential to reduce the ototoxic side effect. The mechanisms of HPβCD-induced ototoxicity remain unknown, but the resulting pathology bears some resemblance to other ototoxic agents, which involves oxidative stress pathways. To indirectly determine the involvement of oxidative stress in HPβCD-induced ototoxicity, we tested the efficacy of an antioxidant reagent, ebselen, on the extent of inner ear side effects caused by HPβCD. Materials and Methods: Ebselen was applied prior to administration of HPβCD in mice. Auditory brainstem response thresholds and otopathology were assessed one week later. Bilateral effects of the drug treatments also were examined. Results: HPβCD-alone resulted in bilateral, severe, and selective loss of outer hair cells from base to apex with an abrupt transition between lesions and intact areas. Ebselen co-treatment did not ameliorate HPβCD-induced hearing loss or alter the resulting histopathology. Conclusions: The results indirectly suggest that cochlear damage by HPβCD is unrelated to reactive oxygen species formation. However, further research into the mechanism(s) of HPβCD otopathology is necessary.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: The antioxidant ebselen will be able to limit or prevent the ototoxicity arising from 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is a disorder of lysosomal storage manifested in sphingolipidosis. Recently, it was noted that experimental use of HPβCD could partially resolve the symptoms in both animals and human patients. Despite its desirable effect, HPβCD can induce hearing loss, which is the only major side effect noted to date. Understanding of the pathophysiology of hearing impairment after administration of HPβCD and further development of preventive methods are essential to reduce the ototoxic side effect. The mechanisms of HPβCD-induced ototoxicity remain unknown, but the resulting pathology bears some resemblance to other ototoxic agents, which involves oxidative stress pathways. To indirectly determine the involvement of oxidative stress in HPβCD-induced ototoxicity, we tested the efficacy of an antioxidant reagent, ebselen, on the extent of inner ear side effects caused by HPβCD. Materials and Methods: Ebselen was applied prior to administration of HPβCD in mice. Auditory brainstem response thresholds and otopathology were assessed one week later. Bilateral effects of the drug treatments also were examined. Results: HPβCD-alone resulted in bilateral, severe, and selective loss of outer hair cells from base to apex with an abrupt transition between lesions and intact areas. Ebselen co-treatment did not ameliorate HPβCD-induced hearing loss or alter the resulting histopathology. Conclusions: The results indirectly suggest that cochlear damage by HPβCD is unrelated to reactive oxygen species formation. However, further research into the mechanism(s) of HPβCD otopathology is necessary.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제20권4호통권58호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2005

This study was designed to provide basic data on preventive plans by affecting factors that have analysed on musculoskeletal diseases. The survey were conducted from July 1 to 30, 2004 among 600 hair dressers working in Seoul and Gwangju using self-administration questionnaire. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The pain experience rate of musculoskeletal diseases. in the last one year was $55.2\%,\;35.7\%$ of respondents answered they had pain on shoulders, $30.6\%$ had pain on legs and feet, $28.9\%$ had pain on waist, $26.8\%$ had hands, fingers and wrist, $22.3\%$ had pain on necks and $17.6\%$ had pain arms and elbows more than disease on necks, shoulders, arms and elbows, hands, fingers and wrists, waist, shoulders legs and feet. The prevalence rate of the last week was $40.3\%$. The prevalence rate in each body parts of the last week was $23.3\%$ on legs and feet, $21.2\%$ on shoulders, $20.8\%$ on waist, $14.9\%$ on hands, fingers and wrists, $14.4\%$ on necks, $9.3\%$ on arms. Based on the results above, working posture, job stress and physical burden from task are highly related with pain. In order to prevent musculoskeletal disease of hairdressers, working posture shall be improved and leisure opportunities to relieve stress, and health management education shall be provided.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2006

This study was designed to provide basic data on preventive plans by affecting factors that have analysed on musculoskeletal diseases. The survey were conducted from July 1 to 30, 2004 among 600 hair dressers working in Seoul and Gwangju using self-administration questionnaire. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The pain experience rate of musculoskeletal diseases. in the last one yea was 55.2%. 35.7% of respondents answered they had pain on shoulders, 30.6% had pain on legs and feet, 28.9% had pain on waist, 26.8% had hands, fingers and wrist, 22.3% had pain on necks and 17.6% had pain arms and elbows more than disease on necks, shoulders, arms and elbows, hands, fingers and wrists, waist, shoulders legs and feet. The prevalence rate of the last week was 40.3%. The prevalence rate in each body parts of the last week was 23.3% on legs and feet, 21.2% on shoulders, 20.8% on waist, 14.9% on hands, fingers and wrists, 14.4% on necks, 9.3% on arms. The affecting factors on musculoskeletal disease index were analysed by multiple linear regression analysis. there are working posture$(\beta=0.27)$; authority of task$(\beta=0.18)$, self-conscious stress $(\beta=0.16)$, age$(\beta=0.14)$, physical burden from work$(\beta=0.13)$, and task required$(\beta=0.10)$. Determinant coefficients was 22.7%. Based on the results above, working posture, job stress and physical burden from task are highly related with pain. In order to prevent musculoskeletal disease of hairdressers, working posture shall be improved and leisure opportunities to relieve stress, and health management education shall be provided.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary lead (Pb) supplementation and feeding period on growth performance, organ weight, and Pb accumulation in pigs. Methods: In a 56-day feeding experiment, a total of 48 barrows with initial body weight 10.4±0.6 kg were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (0 and 200 mg/kg of supplemental Pb) in a completely randomized design with 6 replicates. Body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate growth performance. At the end of each 14 day-period (on days 14, 28, 42, and 56), an animal was randomly selected from each pen and slaughtered to collect blood samples, hair samples, left 5th rib, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, and longissimus dorsi muscle samples. Results: Average daily gain and average daily feed intake were reduced (p<0.05) by supplemental Pb during the day 42 to 56. Relative kidney weight to body weight was linearly increased with increasing feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.05). The Pb concentrations in hair, left 5th rib, kidneys, and lungs were linearly increased with longer feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.01). Conclusion: Dietary Pb supplementation caused growth retardation and Pb accumulation in most organs, particularly in hair, bone, and kidneys in a time-dependent manner.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2011

A dog (5.6 kg, 4-year-old, castrated male, Miniature pinscher) with diffuse symmetric alopecia on the chest and excessive scales was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University, Korea. On physical examination, diffuse alopecia on ventral aspect of the neck and caudomedial thighs, and severe scales were presented. Dermatologic tests of lesions revealed bacterial infections. Histopathologically, atrophy of hair bulb was observed in the severely alopecic lesion of caudomedial thighs. ACTH stimulation test was performed to differentiate the endocrine disorder related to generalized alopecia. The pre-ACTH serum testosterone and progesterone concentrations were above normal ranges and the post-ACTH serum testosterone concentration was high. The pre- and post-ACTH serum estradiol and cortisol concentrations were within normal ranges. Canine pattern alopecia was diagnosed based on history, physical examination, hormonal assay and dermatohistopathologic examination. After 3 months of melatonin administration, multifocal alopecia on the trunk was improved and general hair regrowth was identified.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2007

Background: Anticonvulsants and antidepressants are adjuvant analgesic drugs that are used widely for treating chronic neuropathic pain syndromes. The combined analgesic effect of gabapentin and milnacipran was investigated with a rat neuropathic pain model. Methods: The rat neuropathic pain model was made by ligating the spinal nerves (L5 and L6). An intrathecal catheter was inserted into the subarachnoid space. Tactile allodynia was tested with the up-down method using von Frey hair. We determined the antiallodynic effect of intraperitoneal (I.P.) and intrathecal (I.T.) gabapentin. The combined effect of I.P. gabapentin (50 mg/kg) and milnacipran (0, 10 and 30 mg/kg) was investigated. Results: Intraperitoneal and intrathecal administration of gabapentin increased the threshold for tactile allodynia (the ED50 was 60.6 mg/kg and $45.5{\mu}g$, respectively). Co-administration of I.P. milnacipran increased the antiallodynic effect of I.P. gabapentin in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion: The combined administration of milnacipran and gabapentin may increase the total analgesic effect during treatment of neuropathic pain.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.275-278
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• 2017

An 8-year old female Korean Short Hair cat with a history of paralysis of both hind limbs less than 1 hour before admission was referred. On physical examination, the left hind limb was cold and there was no pulsation or mobility. On abdominal ultrasound examination, a thrombus 8 mm in length was found at the aortic bifurcation. The patient was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and cardiogenic pulmonary edema through radiologic evaluation and echocardiography. A tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was applied intravenously using an accelerated dosing protocol (1 mg administered intravenously [IV] bolus, 2.5 mg IV over 30 min, 1.5 mg IV over 1 h) to treat the feline arterial thromboembolism. Within 12 h after administration of tPA, pulsation and mobility of both hind limbs were normal, without any noticeable complications. Clopidogrel was prescribed to prevent additional thrombus formation, and pimobendan, benazepril, and furosemide were prescribed for administration at home. The patient was discharged and survived 377 days.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.135-149
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• 1999

This study was concerned with assessment of dietynitrosamine (DEN) induced liver cell carcinogenesis by measurement of changes preceding the development of neoplasms. The changes of hepatic morphology in rats(Sprague-Dawley) were detected by hematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemistry(PCNA). The results were as follows ; 1. Minor behavioral change, brittleness of hair and decreased amount of water and diet intake. were observed in rats 7 weeks after DEN administration. 2. Variable size of liver tumor and hepatomegaly were observed in rats treated with DEN after 10 weeks. 3. Numerous vacuoles were showed on the midzonal and or peripheral areas of hepatic lobules. The large and polymorphological hepatocytes with eosinophilic cytoplasm or densely basophilic mitotic nucleoli were showed. 4. Several proliferative small round cells were shown on vacuolated and necrotic areas in peripheral hepatic lobules or portal areas. 5. PCNA-positive cells were showed on the vacuolated portal areas and peripheral areas of hepatic lobules. Maximal positivity was 23.6% in the areas of small round cells. In conclusion, this result confirmed that the DEN was one of the potent hepatocarcinogens. In histopathological analysis, the altered foci, hyperplastic nodules, neoplastic nodules, adenomas and carcinomas were observed in liver tumors induced by administration of DEN in rats.