• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2007년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.133-136
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• 2007

This study investigates mechanical properties of the concrete using fine particle cement which is manufactured by the pulverizing process. The variable factors are 3 types of W/C such as 40, 50, and 60%, 3 types of curing temperature such as 5, 20, and $35^{\circ}C$, and 5types of the replacement of the fine particle cement such as 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The unit water content, S/a and amount of the SP and AE agents to secure the slump and air content is gradually increased in accordance with amount of replacement. It can be confirmed that the delay of the setting time depending on FC content is decreased corresponding to FC content, so the effect of the acceleration to the setting time is expected. The compressive strength corresponding to FC content is proportionally increased, and the growth is confirmed about $30{\sim}40%$ at a day in 50% of FC contents. However, the increase of the strength is gradually decreased in accordance with increasing age.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2016

본 연구는 중년여성을 대상으로 이들이 경험하는 외상사건의 유형과 특성을 살펴보고 이들이 외상 후 성장과 자기실현을 이루는 과정에서 애착이 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구 참여자는 서울, 경기지역의 중년여성 221명이었고 설문지는 외상경험 질문지, 애착 척도, 외상 후 성장 척도, 자기실현 척도로 구성되었으며, 중년여성의 외상경험 유형과 특성은 빈도분석을 실시하였고, 각 변인들 간의 관계를 분석하기 위해 상관계수와 구조방정식 모형검증을 통해 확인하였다. 주요연구 결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 가까운 사람의 상실(사망, 이별, 이혼, 실연, 절교)이 중년여성들에게 일반적이고, 가장 큰 위기 사건으로 보고되었고, 둘째, 애착, 외상 후 성장, 자기실현 간의 관계를 살펴보면, 부 모안정애착, 영적변화는 인간성, 자기수용성의 하위변인을 제외한 모든 하위변인에서 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 구조방정식 모형검증 결과, 애착이 외상 후 성장과 자기실현에 정적인 영향을 미치고, 외상 후 성장이 애착과 자기실현을 매개하는 변인으로 나타났다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3397-3406
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• 2012

Three types of spherulitic morphologies have been investigated in dual substrate mode of Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) type reaction system. Prior to growth of spherulites, three distinct patterning behaviors have been observed sequentially during the reaction process. Initial and the early-phase of reaction showed the emergence of concentric ring-like wave patterns. A colloidal-state of reaction consists of numerous fine solid particles, which forms primarily some nucleation centers of dendritic characters. The nucleation centers were found to grow in sizes and shapes with the progress of reaction. It leads to growth of dendritic-like spherulitic crystal patterns. The resultant spherulites showed transitions in their morphologies, including sea-weeds and rhythmic spherulitic crystal patterns, by the effects substituted organic substrate and in the higher concentration of bromate-initiator respectively. The branching mechanism and crystal ordering of spherulitic textures were studied with help of optical microscope (OPM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Characteristics of crystal phases were also evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Results indicated that the compositions of reactants and crystal orderings were interrelated with morphological transitions of spherulites as illustrated and described.

• Korean Membrane Journal
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

Small angle light scattering (SALS) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) have been used to investigate the effects of alcohol on phase separation of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)/tetrahydrofuran (THF)/alcohol (9/61/30 wt%) solution during water vapor induced phase separation. A typical scattering pattern of nucleation & growth (NG) was observed for all casting solutions of CPVC/THF/alcohol. In the case of the phase separation of CPVC dope solution containing 30 wt% ethanol or n-propanol, the demixing with NG was observed to be heterogeneous. Meanwhile, the phase separation of CPVC dope solution with 30 wt% n-butanol was found to be predominantly homogeneous NG. Although the different phase separation behavior of NG was observed with types of alcohol additives, the resultant surface morphology had no remarkable differences. That is, even though the NG process by water vapor is either homogeneous or heterogeneous, this difference does not play a main role on the final surface morphology. However, it was estimated from the result of hydraulic flux that the phase separation by homogeneous NG provided the membrane geometry with lower resistance in comparison with that by heterogeneous one.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.617-625
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• 2018

Neddylation is a post-translational protein modification process. MLN4924 is a newly discovered pharmaceutical neddylation inhibitor that suppresses cancer growth with several cancer types. In our study, we first investigated the effect of MLN4924 on colon cancer cells (HCT116 and HT29). MLN4924 significantly inhibited the neddylation of cullin-1 and colon cancer cell growth in a time and dose-dependent manner. MLN4924 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCT116 and HT29 cells. Moreover, MLN4924 also triggered autophagy in HCT116 and HT29 cells via suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Inhibiting autophagy by autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or ATG5 knockdown reversed the function of MLN4924 in suppressing colon cancer cell growth and cell death. Interestingly, MLN4924 suppresses colon cell growth in a xenograft model. Together, our finding revealed that blocking neddylation is an attractive colon cancer therapy strategy, and autophagy might act as a novel anti-cancer mechanism for the treatment of colon cancer by MLN4924.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

AlN 단결정의 특별한 용도로 이를 개발하기 위한 노력이 전 세계적으로 매우 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 AlN을 기반으로 하는 자외선 LED는 생활, 의학, 자동자 등에 유용한 용도로서 살균, 정화, 경화 및 분석 등 분야에 이용된다. 이에 실험을 통해 PVT법으로 카본 도가니를 사용하여 AlN 단결정을 성장시켰으며 실험 중 3가지 형태의 도가니를 이용하여 성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 그 온도 조건은 $1900{\sim}2100^{\circ}C$이고 실험 압력으로는 1~200 Torr였다. 그 결과, 높이가 높은 형태의 도가니를 사용할 경우 증발량은 기준 형태보다 증가 하는데 그쳤다. 반면, 넓은 형태의 도가니는 더욱 많은 증발양의 증가를 보였으며, 기준 형태에 비하여 훨씬 안정하다는 것을 알았다. 또한, 제한된 크기의 도가니를 이용한 PVT법에서의 도가니 형태의 변화에 따른 결과는 성장률에 따른 최적 조건, 성장 결정의 품질변화 및 성장 조건 안정성에 영향을 주는 것을 알았다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2020

Four types of BaTiO₃ powders are prepared and successfully deposited on glass and Pt/Si substrates using the aerosol deposition process. Particles with sizes of 0.45 ㎛ and 0.3 ㎛ are selected as the starting powder, while those powders are treated using a different milling method. The jet-milled and ball-milled powders not only showed a smaller particle-size distribution, but compared with the non-milled powder, it also had a higher deposition rate using the uniformly generated aerosol. Although the films deposited using particles with size 0.45 ㎛ exhibited some craters on the surface, significantly flat film surfaces were obtained. However, particles with size 0.3 ㎛ create a slightly rough film surface, but the dielectric constant was greater than in the case involving particles with size 0.45 ㎛. Consequently, a suitably large particle size significantly influences the deposition rate and improvement in the surface roughness, and a uniform particle size distribution appears to contribute to an improved dielectric constant. Therefore, it is believed that the dielectric properties along with the growth characteristics can be enhanced by limiting particle size and shape.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2017

Purpose - This study aims to develop diagnostic indices for managerial performance of agro-food distribution corporations. In particular, weights of diagnostic indices were estimated using the AHP method. Management diagnosis on agro-food distribution corporations is expected to increase their competitiveness in the domestic market as well as in international markets. Research design, data, and methodology - It develops weights or importance of the diagnostic indices based upon the survey of 21 experts in food distribution management. The survey was carried out using e-mail. Management diagnostic indices were developed based upon four BSC(Balanced Scorecard) perspectives of finance, learning/growth/leadership, customer, and internal process/technology. Results - Diagnostic indices on financial perspective consist on profitability, productivity, growth, stability and activity. Learning and leadership perspective indices consist of management will, CEO leadership, level of learning, innovation, and level of management information system. Customer perspective indices are branding, customer and channel management and internal process/technology indices consist of fourteen sub-indices representing technologies, efficiency, and dynamics. It was estimated that the weight of financial perspective index was 0.3, internal process/technology perspective index 0.248, customer category index 0.247, and learning, growth and leadership perspective index 0.205. This study also estimates weights of sub-indices for managerial diagnosis by four different perspectives. Estimated weight of profitability (0.085) is the greatest among financial perspective indices, followed by stability (0.072), growth (0.053), productivity (0.051), and activity (0.038). While estimated weights of leadership, capability, and information indices are 0.100, 0.061, and 0.044 respectively, weights of marketing, customer management, and quality and service indices are 0.104, 0.093, and 0.051, respectively. Among internal process/technology perspective, estimated weights of efficiency, technology, and innovation indices are 0.106, 0.088, and 0.054, respectively. Conclusions - The diagnostic indices for managerial performance of agro-food distribution corporations would be utilized by agro-food distribution corporations themselves, extension service institutions, and consultants. It is also expected that central and local governments use diagnostic indices developed in this study for the purpose of evaluating the effects of governmental support programs for agro-food distribution corporations. Futhermore researchers and consultants would modify diagnostic indices developed in this study, reflecting characteristics and situation of types of agro-food distribution corporations.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2000

Panax ginseng is an important medicinal plant that has been used worldwide for geriatric, tonic, stomachic, and aphrodisiac treatments. Ginsenosides contained in the ginseng root are the main substances having active functions for human body. The price of ginseng is very expensive due to a complex process of cultivation, and the yield of ginseng is limited, which cannot meet the demand of the increasing market. Researchers have applied plant biotechnology to solve the problems but there are still things to be determined towards ginsenoside production by large-scale adventitious root culture. In this experiment, 5 to 20 liter bioreactors were employed to determine optimal conditions for adventitious root culture and ginsenoside production of Panax gineng. Callus was induced from the ginseng root on MS agar medium containing 1.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ 2,4-D and 0.1 mg. $L^{-1}$ kinetin. Then the callus was cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ IBA, 0.1 mg. $L^{-1}$ kinetin, and 30 g. $L^{-1}$ to induce adventitious roots. The maximum root growth and ginsenoside production were obtained in 1/2 MS medium. 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ naphthalene acetic acid resulted in greater root growth than 2.0 mg $L^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid. Ginsenoside content increased with 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ benzyl adenin or kinetin. High concentrations of benzyl adenin (above 3.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ ) decreased the adventitious root growth and ginsenoside productivity. N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ inhibited the ginsenoside accumulation, while high concentrations of $K^{+}$, $Mg_{2}$$^{+}$, and $Ca_{2}$$^{+}$ increased it. N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ at 0.5 and 1.0 times of the normal amount in 3/4 SH medium resulted in the greatest biomass increase, but the highest ginsenoside productivity was obtained when N $O_{3}$$^{-}$ was used as the sole nitrogen source in the medium. Most microelements at high concentrations in the medium inhibited the root growth, but high concentrations of MnS $O_4$enhanced the root growth. Root dry weight increased with increasing sucrose concentrations up to 50 g. $L^{-1}$ , but decreased from 70 g $L^{-1}$ Ginsenoside productivity was maximized at the range of 20 to 30 g. $L^{-1}$ sucrose. In the experiment on bioreactor types, cone and balloon types were determined to be favorable for both adventitious root growth and ginsenoside production. Jasmonic acid was effective for increasing ginsenoside contents and Rb group ginsenosides mainly increased. These results could be employed in commercial scale bioreactor cultures of Panax ginseng.x ginseng.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.822-834
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• 2015

Contemporary fashion companies have been planning marketing strategies that can promote brands and products more effectively for satisfying consumers' increasingly diversified needs. For this reason, retail spaces have continued to evolve and the modern concept of pop-up stores appeared through this process. Therefore, the object of this study was to research domestic pop-up fashion store cases by collecting article data. These data are from Internet fashion-specialty sites and analyze the types and characteristics of pop-up fashion stores by providing basic information that will be useful in the pop-up fashion stores of companies when they establish their marketing strategies. This study utilized the content analysis method and derived the results by using SPSS Statistics. As a result of this study, the type of "pop-up fashion stores opening in distribution enterprises" comprised the highest percentage of the whole store types and the pop-up fashion stores' management purposes were focused on product introduction, promotion, and market testing. As time passed, not only did pop-up fashion stores' growth rate increased, but also the types of pop-up fashion stores have become more diverse. In other words, contemporary fashion companies are utilizing more pop-up fashion stores as a marketing strategy than before. However, due to the short history of domestic pop-up fashion stores, the variety of research is still insufficient, so more extensive research on pop-up fashion stores is required.