• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.78-87
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• 2019

The study examined how job satisfaction and pay level can affect on old salary workers over time using longitudinal data and longitudinal data analysis. The KLoSA 6-period panel data was used which contains alternate year from 2006 to 2016. In addition, Gender and Age is also considered as moderating variables. As result, the initial value and the slope of pay level influenced the initial value and the slope of job satisfaction, vice versa. It implicates the two factors of pay level and job satisfaction are interrelated. Based on the results of this study, limitations and suggestions were discussed for further research.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal trajectories of life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression and to identify the factors that influence these trajectories in North Korean Defectors (NKD). Methods : NKD (n=300) who registered in the multi-regional adaptation center (Hana Center), within three years of settling in South Korea, were recruited into this study. Life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression were assessed with self-report questionnaires over a period of 4 years (7 waves of data). Latent growth modeling was conducted to assess the changes in life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression. Results : Findings from both unconditional and conditional models (with gender, South Korea settlement age, household income, marital status, and PTSD at wave 1) indicated a linear increase in loneliness and depression, and a linear decrease in life satisfaction over the 4-year period. In the conditional model, gender predicted the intercept of life satisfaction and depression. In addition, PTSD predicted the intercept of life satisfaction, loneliness, and depression and slope of depression. Conclusion : Our finding suggests that the mental health of NKD tends to deteriorate over time after settling in South Korea. Therefore, continuous support is necessary for their successful adaptation to the South Korean Society.

• Korean Journal of Child Care and Education Policy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.31-53
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to examine trajectories in and predictors of marital satisfaction among parents with one year old baby. Latent growth modeling was used with a sample of 984 households. Data from Panel Study on Korean Children conducted by Korea Institute of Child Care and Education were used. The study results revealed that for both fathers and mothers, marital satisfaction decreased over time after the birth of the first child. However, fathers' marital satisfaction decreased more steeply than mothers'. Furthermore, mothers' employment was associated with the changes of fathers' marital satisfaction. Father involvement and marital conflict predicted changes of mothers' marital satisfaction. These findings show that factors such as father involvement and marital conflict are more highly associated with changes in mothers' marital satisfaction than fathers'. Also, the study suggests that parent education should be systematically organized to promote father involvement and to resolve marital conflict.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.73-80
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• 2022

In this study, prior studies of 280 small business owners in Korea over the past two decades were comprehensively analyzed through keyword network and LDA topic modeling analysis, and overall views and trends in academia were examined. As core keywords, "sales" and "protection," which conflict with each other but are essential for stable and sustainable growth were selected, and 7 topics (Topic 1: start-up, topic 2: digital, topic 3: tax system, topic 4: capability, topic 5: coexistence, topic 6: regulation, and topic 7: funding) were drawn up. Based on the results of the analysis, the need to improve digital maturity for the continued growth and development of small business owners was raised, and the response at the pan-ministerial level and the stability of the performance of functions that can survive even after the new administration to solve the economic damage problems facing small business owners were suggested. In addition, attention to the long-term, speed, detail, and direction of government support in a new way, and a flexible approach to the negative way in which pre-allowance and post-regulation is given were suggested.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.43-66
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• 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, competition for artificial intelligence technology patents around the world is intensifying. During the period 2000 ~ 2021, artificial intelligence technology patent applications at the US Patent and Trademark Office have been steadily increasing, and the growth rate has been steeper since the 2010s. As a result of analyzing Korea's artificial intelligence technology competitiveness through patent indices, it is evaluated that patent activity, impact, and marketability are superior in areas such as auditory intelligence and visual intelligence. However, compared to other countries, overall Korea's artificial intelligence technology patents are good in terms of activity and marketability, but somewhat inferior in technological impact. While noise canceling and voice recognition have recently decreased as topics for artificial intelligence, growth is expected in areas such as model learning optimization, smart sensors, and autonomous driving. In the case of Korea, efforts are required as there is a slight lack of patent applications in areas such as fraud detection/security and medical vision learning.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.299-311
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• 2022

Purpose: Untreated depression in adolescents affects their entire life. It is important to detect and intervene early depression in adolescence considering the characteristics of adolescent's depressive symptoms accompanied by internalization and externalization. The aim of this study was to identify latent classes of depressive symptom trajectories of adolescents and determinants of classes in Korea. Methods: The three time-point (2018~2020) data derived from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 were used (N=2,325). Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) was conducted to explore the depressive symptom trajectories in all adolescents, and Latent Class Growth Modeling (LCGM) was conducted to identify each latent class. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the determinants of each latent class. Results: The LGCM results showed that there was no statistically significant change in all adolescents' depressive symptoms for 3 years. However, the LCGM results showed that four latent classes showing different trajectories were distinguished: 1) Low-stable (intercept=14.39, non-significant slope), 2) moderate-increasing (intercept=19.62, significantly increasing slope), 3) high-stable (intercept=26.30, non-significant slope), and 4) high-rapidly decreasing (intercept=26.34, significantly rapidly decreasing slope). The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the significant determinants (i.e., gender, self-esteem, aggression, somatization, peer relationship) of each latent class were different. Conclusion: When screening adolescent's depression, it is necessary to monitor not only direct depression symptoms but also self-esteem, aggression, somatization symptoms, and peer relationships. The findings of this study may be valuable for nurses and policy makers to develop mental health programs for adolescents.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.59.2-59.2
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• 2020

Disks around protostars are the birthplace of planets. The first step toward planet formation is grain growth from ㎛-sized grains to mm/cm-sized grains in a disk, particularly in dense regions. In order to study whether grains grow and segregate at the protostellar stage, we investigate the ALMA Band 3 (3.1 mm) and 7 (0.87 mm) dust continuum observations of the protostellar disk WL 17 in ρ Ophiuchus L1688 cloud. As reported in a previous study, the Band 3 image shows substructures: a narrow ring and a large central hole. On the other hand, the Band 7 image shows different substructures: a non-axisymmetric ring and an off-center hole. The two-band observations provide a mean spectral index of 2.3, which suggests the presence of mm/cm-sized large grains. Its non-axisymmetric distribution may imply dust segregation between small and large grains. We perform radiative transfer modeling to examine the size and spatial distributions of dust grains in the WL 17 disk. The best-fit model suggests that large grains (>1 cm) exist in the disk, settling down toward the midplane, whereas small grains (~10 ㎛) well mixed with gas are distributed off-center and non-axisymmetrically in a thick layer. The low spectral index and the modeling results suggest that grains rapidly grow at the protostellar stage and that grains differently distribute depending on sizes, resulting in substructures varying with observed wavelengths. To understand the differential grain distributions and substructures, we discuss the effects of the protoplanet(s) expected inside the large hole and the possibility of gravitational instability.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2004

Tumor angiogenesis was simulated using a two-dimensional computational model. The equation that governed angiogenesis comprised a tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) conservation equation in time and space, which was solved numerically using the Galerkin finite element method. The time derivative in the equation was approximated by a forward Euler scheme. A stochastic process model was used to simulate vessel formation and vessel elongation towards a paracrine site, i.e., tumor-secreted basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). In this study, we assumed a two-dimensional model that represented a thin (1.0 mm) slice of the tumor. The growth of the tumor over time was modeled according to the dynamic value of bFGF secreted within the tumor. The data used for the model were based on a previously reported model of a brain tumor in which four distinct stages (namely multicellular spherical, first detectable lesion, diagnosis, and death of the virtual patient) were modeled. In our study, computation was not continued beyond the 'diagnosis' time point to avoid the computational complexity of analyzing numerous vascular branches. The numerical solutions revealed that no bFGF remained within the region in which vessels developed, owing to the uptake of bFGF by endothelial cells. Consequently, a sharp, declining gradient of bFGF existed near the surface of the tumor. The vascular architecture developed numerous branches close to the tumor surface (the brush-border effect). Asymmetrical tumor growth was associated with a greater degree of branching at the tumor surface.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.65-86
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• 2018

This study focuses on the relationship structure of SMEs with outsourcing based on buyer-supplier relationships and aims to test the role of trust management and mutual growth in the activities of SMEs. Trust management and mutual growth have a context in which the outsourcing type is determined through the company's slack resources, partnership relations, and buyer-supplier relationship. In this context, research hypotheses were set up, research model was designed and an empirical analysis was conducted by using structural equation modeling. For the empirical analysis, hypotheses were tested using data obtained from questionnaires of 206 SMEs nationwide. As a result, trust management and mutual growth have a significant effect on outsourcing type and performance, and mediation effect of cooperation relationship and buyer-supplier relationship was in the process.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.229-236
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• 2017

An efficient frequent pattern algorithm is essential for mining association rules as well as many other mining tasks for convergence with its application spread over a very broad spectrum. Models for mining pattern have been proposed using a FP-tree for storing compressed information about frequent patterns. In this paper, we propose a centroid frequent pattern growth algorithm which we called "CAWFP-Growth" that enhances he FP-Growth algorithm by making the center of weights and frequencies for the itemsets. Because the conventional constraint of maximum weighted support is not necessary to maintain the downward closure property, it is more likely to reduce the search time and the information loss of the frequent patterns. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than other algorithms without scarifying the accuracy and increasing the processing time via the centroid of the items. The MapReduce framework model is provided to handle large amounts of data via a pseudo-distributed computing environment. In addition, the modeling of the proposed algorithm is required in the fully distributed mode.