• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 1992

The intestinal microflora of humans is an extraordinarily complex mixture of microorganisms, the majority of which are anaerobic microorganisms. The distribution of amylolytic microorganisms in the human large intestinal tract was investigated in various individuals of differing ages using anaerobic culture techniques. A large percentage of the amylolytic microorganisms present belonged to the Genus Bifidobacteria. The number of Bifidobacteria increased significantly at two years of age. Adults and children above 2 years old carried about $0.8{\times}10^9-2.0{\times}10^{10}$ colony forming units (CFU/gram) of amylolytic Bifidobacteria. Among these amylolytic Bifidobacteria, Int-57 was chosen for further studies. Between 65% and 85% of the amylase produced was secreted and the remaining amylase was bound to the cell wall facing the outside. Amylase production could be induced by starch in a stable form. When cells were grown on maltose or glucose, amylase production was much lower than on starch and amylase activity disappeared after 24 hours growth on these media. Partially purified enzymes showed optimum activity at a temperature of $50^{\circ}C$ and at an optimum pH of 5.5, respectively. Heat treatment at $70^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes almost completely inactivated amylase. The hydrolysis products of starch were mainly maltose and maltotriose. Soluble starch, amylose, amylopectin, and $\gamma$-cyclodextrin($\gamma$-CD) were easily hydrolyzed. The rate of hydrolysis of $\alpha$-CD and $\beta$-CD was slower than that of $\gamma$-CD. Carboxymethyl cellulose, $\beta$-1, 3-glucan and inulin were not hydrolyzed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

It is time to review the direction of R&D investment which is the source of change in knowledge information ages. The DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) is a efficient method by using the ratio of input and output elements. In this paper, we analyzed industry relationship and efficiency by DEA in order to analyze ripple effect of the regional industry technology development project. According to these results, we found the primary affected factor in performance of this project was human resource, and the turnover of participated company was not on the rise yet. On types of the project, we could find the efficiency quotient of critical technique development project was higher than of common technique development project because project period or budget scale infected to project performance. We expect the enhancement of technique developer, tenn and budget, and it is necessary the project results should lead performance such as sales force and employee growth.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.417-422
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• 2016

Rapid growth of internet utilization consequences in an expansion of individual's social networks via SNS. Recently, Facebook has added six different emotion buttons reflecting suggestions claiming that "Like" button is limited, and thus must be improved. Regarding to how well newly updated six different emotion buttons were utilized, a survey that inquires the usefulness and usability of buttons for further improvement in service was conducted to 35 Facebook users of 20's and 30's, the most active ages with frequent usages. As a result, users responded with negative attitudes considering expression of six different emotions in Facebook, and exhibited less frequent usages of the service. According to respondents, the emotion expression service would lead better approachability if Facebook suggests simpler emotion expression, for example, two emotion buttons rather than current six buttons.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.570-574
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• 2005

Keratoacanthoma is a benign, self-limited epithelial lesion that closely resembles Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). Keratoacanthoma occur primarily exposed skin in male patients over 45 years of ages. although etiology is unknown, sunlight, genetic, and human papillomavirus factor have been considered. in clinical feature, rapid enlargement occurs over 4$\sim$8 weeks, resulting ultimately in a hemispheric, firm, elevated, asymptomatic nodule that contains a central plug of keratin. When fully developed, the keratoacanthoma contains a core of keratin surrounded by a concentric collar of raised skin. Over the next 4$\sim$8 weeks, static lesion persists. Then undergoes spontaneous regression over the next 6$\sim$8weeks period by expulsion of the keratin core with resorption of the mass. In histologic feature, Keratoacanthoma consists of hyperplastic squamous epithelium growing into the underlying connective tissue. The surface is covered by a thickened layer of parakeratin with central plugging. Epithelium cell shows dysplastic features and the margins the normal adjacent epithelium is elevated. The differential diagnosis includes SCC. Keratoacanthoma present as a exophytic lesion with horny keratin occupying a depression on the top of the lesion, persists static period and undergoes rapid growth compared with SCC. Keratoacanthoma is usually treated by surgical excision or curettage of the base, spontaneous regression does not occur in every case. A 60 years old male who present facial lesion visit our hospital and surgical excision was done. Biopsy result was keratoacanthoma. We report case with review of literatures.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to discuss the diagnostic classification of the traditional medicine for pilosis, and the hair removal treatments in traditional medicine and its clinical application. Backgrounds : In recent years, appearance and beauty have become main interest that have positioned in the medical area. In clinical Korean medicine, a variety of methods such as moxibustion, superficial bleeding, multiple microneedling, facial meridian massage, herbal medicine facial pack, laser acupuncture, and intense pulsed light (IPL) have been applied. Methods and Results : Pilosis, a condition of abnormal hair growth, is stated for the first time in the publication, [Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases] by Chao Yuan-fang in 610 A.D. It shows that pilosis has been recognised as a disease for ages in Asia. Reviewing several publications, we found multiple approaches to pilosis were already existed in korean medicine. They include internal medicinal classification and its' medications. Acupuncture treatments also focused on regulation of radical causes and superficial removal of abnormal hairs. Specific treatments includes body and ear acupuncture, ear acupressure, hypodermic acupuncture, hypodermic acupuncture injection, laser acupuncture treatment. Physical and chemical methods of hair removal were widely invented. we resulted that significant scientific approaches to pilosis are under way in the korean medical field, and found a variety of medical treatments such as herbal medicines and dermatological methods. Conclusions : Hair removal treatments for pilosis in traditional medicine has a long history. Combined with advanced modern technology it can achieve greater advance in cosmetology.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.253-263
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• 2000

We collected age determination cases which were done at Yonsei university dental hospital, department of oral medicine from 1976 to 1999 to analyze it's tendency among Koreans. We analyzed 435 clients cases which were stored by age estimation program from January 1993 to December 1999. The results are as follows: 1. There were no significant difference in the sexual distribution (male : 52.0%, female : 48.0%) and more than half percent (51%) were 20's and 30's. 2. Among the age determination clients, those who wanted to decrease their age (50.3%) and those who wanted to increase their age (49.7%) shows similar in number. And the former case were predominant in the female clients, but the latter case in the male clients. Also the clients below six years of age were predominant in the former case, but the clients more than sixty were predominant in the latter case. 3. The purposes of age correction showed different distribution for ages: job or employment for 20's and 30's, marriage for 20's, registration for school for below six, welfare and other social services for 50 and older. 4. Age was estimated by Nolla's growth stage for 12 and under, calcification of the second and third molar for 12~20, and for 20 and over, Takei's tooth abrasion model was used. 5. The alleged age was in accordance with the documents and other information given by clients, but in the 20.6% of the estimation cases, the alleged age was discarded. In the results of the analysis of age determination cases in Koreans, many of the cases resulted from our historical turbulence and social distinctiveness, causing an increase in the necessity for age correction in each age group. For more accurate determination for each age group, further studies with Koreans must be done continuously.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.395-405
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• 2019

Korea is undergoing a change in its population structure, due to economic development, falling birth rates and the development of health care. As the population ages, the number of elderly people who have difficulty in daily life such as dementia and paralysis increases every day. The growth of nuclear families and the increased participation of women in society make it difficult to take care of elderly people who need long-term care at home. As the social problems resulting from this have emerged as serious problems, the government enacted and implemented the Long Term Care Insurance Act to improve the quality of life for the elderly subject to long-term care and to ease the burden of family support in order to solve such problems. Therefore, the present study explores ways to improve legal and institutional aspects, and seek mental and psychological measures for the stability of old life as well as the physical health of welfare.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.442-445
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• 2007

Seedlings height of hybrids varied depending on mating combinations. Among the progenies from the mating combination, P. thunbergii(CN4)$\times$P. densiflora(KW29) showed the best plant growth. The mean height of this combination was 521 cm at the age of 8 years(yrs), which was 9% higher than rest of the crosses. Seedlings height of progenies using P. thunbergii(JN37) as mother tree showed 28%, 33%, and 29% higher than those of open-pollinated progenies of the mother tree at the ages of 4yrs, 6yrs, and 8yrs, respectively. On the other hand, using P. densiflora (KB5) as father tree showed 45%, 48%, and 32% higher than those of open-pollinated progenies of the father tree. This result may be caused by hybrid vigor.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.65-84
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• 2013

Electrical resistivity is a property associated with both the physical and chemical characteristics of concrete. It allows the evaluation of the greater or lesser difficulty with which aggressive substances penetrate the concrete's core before the dissolution of the passive film process and the consequent reinforcement's corrosion begin. This work addresses the capillary absorption of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with various types and contents of additions, correlating it with its electrical resistivity. To that effect, binary and ternary mixes of SCC were produced using fly ashes (FA) and limestone filler (LF). A total of 11 self-compactable mixes were produced: one with cement (C) only; three with C + FA in 30%, 60% and 70% substitution ratios; three with C + LF in 30%, 60% and 70% substitution ratios; four with C + FA + LF in combinations of 10-20%, 20-10%, 20-40% and 40-20% substitution ratios, respectively; and four reference mixes according to the LNEC E 464 specification, which refers to the NP EN 206-1 norm. The evaluation of the capillarity of the mixes produced was made through the determination of the water absorption by capillarity coefficient according to the LNEC E 393 specification. The electrical resistivity was evaluated using the European norm proposal presented by the EU-Project CHLORTEST (EU funded research Project under 5FP GROWTH programme) and based on the RILEM TC-154 EMC technical recommendation. The results indicate that SCC's capillarity is strongly conditioned by the type and quantity of the additions used. It was found that FA addition significantly improves some of the properties studied especially at older ages.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-116
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• 2021

India has had a rich and diverse textile tradition since the 3rd millennium BCE. The origin of Indian textiles can be traced back to the Harappan period. Owing to the hot and humid climate in most parts of India, cotton has remained India's favourite choice of fabric for normal use. Thus, India is supposed to be the first nation to have grown, woven, and patterned cotton fabrics. Moreover, India is one of the leading cotton-growing countries in the world. The earliest occurrence of cotton thread in India is roughly datable to 4000 BCE and of dyed fabrics to about 2500 BCE. Large numbers of needles and spindle-whorls found in Harappa and other early historic sites in India reveal the prosperous state of textile production and its trade in the early period. The textile producers used a wide range of skills to process raw materials and make regionally idiosyncratic dyes, weaves, prints, and embroideries. Additionally, the silk from wild indigenous forms of silkworms was known in the Indian sub-continent roughly contemporary with the earliest clear archaeological evidence for silk in China. The analysis of thread fragments found inside a copper bangle and ornament from Harappa and steatite beads from Chanhu-daro, have yielded silk fibers dating to 2500-2000 BCE. Apart from other products, cotton and silk textiles were important export materials from India right from the Harappan period. Actually, the sea-borne trade had played an important role in the economic growth and prosperity of the Harappan civilization. Several ancient seaports in the entire coastline of India played a vital role in the maritime trade during the Harappan period and cotton and silk textiles of Indian origin have been found in various countries. The contemporary writings and epigraphy have also attested to the vast maritime trade network of India and the export of textile materials. The paper discusses in detail the origin and development of cotton and silk textile production in India through the ages and its role in maritime trade networks.