• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1139-1144
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• 2015

The gross domestic product(GDP) measures the welfare of a nation's economy through the aggregation of products and services produced in a nation. Although GDP is a proficient measure of the magnitude of the economy, many economists, environmentalists, and citizens have recently criticized the gross domestic product. The criticism stems from the fact that this measurement of domestic product does not account for environmental degradation and resource depletion. We need to estimate the environmentally adjusted net domestic product. The gross domestic product was 913 trillion won while environmental protection expenditure was 32.9 trillion won by monetary accounts of Korea, 2010. Loss of natural assets was 76.6 trillion emwon by emergy analysis of Korea, 2010. The Green GDP was accounted for 88.0% of the GDP to 803.5 trillion won.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Recently, the relevance of the Air Quality Index considering major factors related to the air environment and the local economy and community was analyzed in abraod. In Korea, a comprehensive air-quality index has been proposed. In this study, the comprehensive air-quality index and the index that can integrate Gross Domestic Product per capita were summarized as regional attractiveness. As a result of the analysis, Ulsan, Chungnam, Seoul, Chungbuk, and Jeonnam had the highest Gross domestic product per capita, and Jeju, Gyeongnam, and Gyeongbuk had the best Comprehensive air-quality index, and Ulsan had the highest attractiveness. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was found that there was no correlation between the two variables, Gross domestic product per capita and Comprehensive air-quality index, because various factors such as topographical characteristics, hazardous substances, and local government's efforts were not taken into account. As a result of sensitivity analysis, Ulsan had the highest sensitivity and variance for Gross domestic product per capita and Comprehensive air-quality index. As for the relative ratio of attractiveness between regions, Ulsan's attractiveness was 2.95 times that of Daegu's, indicating a large difference between regions.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the effects of GDP as a proxy variable of income, consumer price index as a proxy variable of price, and foot-and-mouth disease and avian influenza as derby variables on rural tourism demand. The independent variables in this research were gross domestic product(GDP), consumer price index(CPI), and dummy variable(DM) such as food & mouth disease & highly pathogenic avian influenza. Results showed that GDP affected tourism demand positively whereas DM influenced negatively. The study suggested that it was important for policy-mconsider GDP and DM when making decision on strategic tourism management. In conclusion, first, gross domestic product was found to have a statistically significant effect on rural tourism demand. Second, avian influenza was found to have a statistically negative effect on rural tourism demand. The results of this study can be used to establish a reasonable rural tourism policy in the future economic dimension.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2020

본 연구는 빅데이터를 활용하여 투자 및 육성지원이 지역내총생산에 미치는 영향력을 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 지역내총생산(GRDP)은 각 지역의 생산규모·지출수준·소득수준·산업구조 등을 집약적으로 내포하고 있는 지수로써, 지역경제 분석 및 국가의 정책수립에 활용하는 중요한 자료이다. 국가의 주요 국정과제를 올바르게 수행하기 위해서는 지역경제를 정확히 파악하는 것이 선행되어야 하는데, 이로 인해 최근 지역내총생산에 대한 관심이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 특히 해외투자는 투자유치국의 경제에 미치는 영향력이 상당하여, 이에 대한 많은 실증분석이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해외투자 및 국내육성지원이 지역내총생산에 미치는 영향력을 상관분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 전체적으로 투자와 지원이 지역내총생산에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 결론을 도출하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2019

The purpose of the study to evaluate the contribution of foreign direct investment (FDI) and tourism receipts (TR) to Sri Lanka's gross domestic product (GDP). This study employs time series annual data for the period from 1978 to 2016 and EViews 10 econometrics software was used for the time series data analysis. Unit root test was done on the variables and the method chosen was the Augmented Dicky - Fuller test. Co-integration analysis was used for the long run relationship and the Granger causality test was performed to investigate the causal relationship. Recently a more conducive environment has been established after the three decade long ethnic war came to an end. In this context, the Sri Lankan government has taken positive measures to attract foreign direct investment and boost tourism in the country. This study intends to evaluate the contribution of Sri Lanka, as these two factors are considered to be very effective at increasing the GDP of a country. The empirical study shows that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the variable's TR and FDI to the GDP in the long run. Results of Granger causality test implied that the two-way causality promoted the economic growth of Sri Lanka.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the exchange rate and Trade Balance. Trade Balance is used as the dependent variable, and the independent variables are Exchange Rate, Gross Domestic Product, and Inflation. Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test was adopted to test the stationary property of time series data, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag model was employed to find the long run and short-run relationship and long-run adjustment, Bound test approach, the unrestricted Error Correction Model and Granger Causality Test are used to analyze the data from 1977 to 2019. The research findings suggest that inflation has a positive impact on the trade balance in the short run. The exchange rate and the Gross Domestic Product have adverse effects on Trade balance in the long run. The coefficient of ER in the previous year is negative, and the coefficient of TB in the previous year is positive and significant. This is consistent with the J-Curve phenomenon, which states that devaluation may not improve trade balance in the immediate period, but will significantly impact the trade balance improvement in subsequent periods. Hence Marshall Lerner Condition exists in Sri Lanka.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

This paper uses the gravity model estimated by the random effect method to analyze the factors affecting Vietnam's coffee export turnover for the period 2007-2020 major markets according to statistics from the General Statistics Office and the General Department of Customs. Coffee export turnover was collected from the General Statistics Office, General Department of Customs, and Vietnam Cacao Coffee Association. The authors calculated the price of coffee based on output and export value from data on coffee export turnover; the authors calculated the economic gap based on population and Gross Domestic Product data (reference: geographic distance metrics on the website: http://www.distancefromto.net/countries.php) and other data was collected based on the databases of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and World Bank organizations. The results of the study show that from 2007 to 2020, the factors of Vietnam's export price of coffee, geographical distance, Gross Domestic Product of the importing country and Gross Domestic Product of Vietnam, the population of Vietnam, the economic gap between Vietnam and the importing country, the openness of the economy, all have an impact on Vietnam's coffee export turnover. Finally, some conclusions about the policy's impact are made based on the empirical results of the paper.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

본 연구는 우리나라 광역시와 도를 중심으로 1995-2017년의 지역별 패널통계를 활용하여 노동력 고령화가 인적자본 취업비중과 1인당 지역총생산에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 지역별 고정효과를 반영한 2단계 최소자승 패널 회귀 분석 결과에서 노동력 고령화는 광역시의 인적자본 취업비중과 1인당 지역총생산에는 영향이 없는 반면, 도의 인적자본 취업비중과 1인당 지역총생산은 유의한 수준에서 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 서비스 사업체 비중은 광역시의 인적자본 취업비중에 긍정적 영향을 미치지만 도에서는 그 효과가 유의하지 않게 나타났으며, 광역시에서는 인적자본 취업비중이 1인당 지역총생산 증가에 유의하게 기여하고 있지만 도의 경우는 물리적 자본이 1인당 지역총생산 증가에 유의하게 기여하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 광역시와 도에 따른 다른 분석결과는 노동력 고령화에 대응하는 인적자본과 1인당 지역총생산 증가를 위한 광역시와 도의 최적화된 정책은 지역에 따라 차별화시켜야 함을 시사한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the key determinants in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows by using a balanced data panel for the period from 1995 to 2018. This study covers GCC countries in their entirety. The study uses ten explanatory variables, namely, trade ratio, gross domestic product, external balance, fuel exports, gross savings, international tourism, military expenditure, net foreign assets, services value added, and total natural resources. The authors have tried to find the best fit model from the differences methods considered such as OLS, GLS regression with the help of Hausman test, and country by country regressions as additional analysis. The study revealed a significantly positive association between inflation, trade ratio, gross domestic product, gross savings, and net foreign assets with FDI. On the contrary, international tourism was revealed to have a negative association with FDI. The sample of all GCC countries chosen for this study has not been considered widely by any earlier study. Moreover, this study covered many determinants of FDI that add to the previous literature. It is a significant contribution to the current research body and stresses the originality of this paper.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-103
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• 2003

This paper compares the environmental economic performance of the South Korean and the German economy during the last decade. The analysis is based on comparable data from the Environmental Economic Accounts (EEA). The EEA is a satellite account to the National Accounts which enhances the conventional economic accounts by a description of the interactions between the economy and the environment. The data from the EEA and the national accounts are fully compatible. In absolute terms the environmental pressures caused by economic activities were with regards to the environmental factors used for the analysis generally lower in South Korea than in Germany. If the use of environmental factors is related to each country's gross domestic product (environmental productivities) a lower level of environmental productivity can be observed for most of the environmental factors in South Korea compared to Germany. For example in 1999 energy and $CO_2$ productivity were about two fifths of the German level. This corresponds to the relation regarding labour productivity (Gross domestic product per employment).