• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in grip force and angular kinematic variables between elite (handicap${\leq}2$) and novice golfers. Three-dimensional motion analysis system with synchronized grip force measurement system was used. The participants consisted of two groups based on their playing ability: 10 elite golfers and 10 novice golfers. Each subject performed 5 putting strokes at the distance of 1, 3, and 5m with randomly selected order. During entire putting phase, elite group showed relatively constant grip force but novice group showed continuously increasing grip force pattern. There existed a clear difference in the trajectory of shoulder line between two groups. As for novice group the rotational center did not converge into one point, for elite group the rotational center converged into precise single point. And there was a clear difference pattern in anterior-posterior directional movement at shoulder between two groups. These difference might be helpful for improving consistent putting skills.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) on pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and to provide an effective intervention method for lateral epicondylitis. Methods: Twenty patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly assigned to the ESWT group (n = 10) and the stretching exercise group (n = 10). Interventions in both groups were performed six times twice a week for three weeks. The visible analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain change. A dynamometer was used to measure grip strength (GS). Patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) was used to measure the upper-extremity function. Results: There were significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in both groups before and after intervention (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function between the groups after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed very positive improvement in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function after ESWT in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, ESWT can be recommended for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2015

Purpose: The current study aims to identify the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on pain and grip strength in patients with cervical herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) and provide effective interventions for such patients. Methods: Included in this study were 20 subjects (10 men, 10 women) in their 30s-50s who had been diagnosed with cervical HIVD. Intervention methods included PNF neck patterns, dynamic reversal of antagonists, and a combination of isotonics. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure pain and dynamometers were used to measure grip strength. Results: After four weeks of muscle strengthening exercises, neck pain was significantly reduced, and hand grip strength significantly increased. Conclusion: PNF can be utilized as an effective intervention to reduce the pain of patients with cervical HIVD and to increase grip strength.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2019

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical and cognitive functions and to examine the effects of resistive Theraband® exercise on sarcopenia-associated variables in the older population. [Methods] A total of 28 elderly women (age: 69.90 ± 0.8 years) participated in this study, 15 of whom underwent elastic band exercise for 1 hour per day, twice per week for 8 weeks. The correlation analysis was conducted to identify the associations between body composition, skeletal muscle mass indices, grip strength, and physical and cognitive functions. All variables were assessed at baseline and post-exercise. [Results] Skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with grip strength and physical function. Gait speed was positively correlated with grip strength and physical function, but not with cognitive function. Theraband® exercise significantly improved gait speed and physical function. [Conclusion] The present data suggest that skeletal muscle mass is highly correlated with grip strength and physical function. Eight weeks of resistive Theraband® exercise favorably affects sarcopenia by improving gait speed and mobility of elderly women.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of functional massage and stretching, applied to the elbow and shoulder joints, on pain, tenderness threshold, and grip strength. Methods: A total of 29 individuals were assigned to a single site (n=15) or multiple sites (n=14). Pain measured through the visual analogue scale (VAS), tenderness threshold (TTH), and grip strength (GI) were measured before and four weeks after the intervention. Results: After four weeks of treatment, visual analogue scale significantly decreased in both groups (p<.05), and the tenderness threshold and grip strength significantly increased in both groups (p<.05). There was also a significant difference between the two groups (p<.05). Conclusion: The reduction of visual analogue scale and the increase in the tenderness threshold and grip strength were more significant in the multi-site treatment group than in the single-site treatment group.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

This study was attempted to Kinematical characteristics of the Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing on the horizontal bar. To do this, we selected and analyzed the performance of two athletes who did Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing in the horizontal bar competition of male artistic gymnastic in the 22nd Universiad Games 2003 Daegu. We drew the conclusions from the kinematical factors that were came out through analyzing three-dimensional cinematography of the athletes' movements, by using two video cameras. In point of analyzing the actual competition situation, it is expected that gymnastics and coaches have the effective informations, and the following conclusion had resulted. 1. When performing Endo $360^{\circ}$El-Grip, the average for entire required time was $1.93{\pm}0.06sec$. The average for descent phase time was $0.24{\pm}0.02sec$, ascent phase time was 0.22${\pm}0.07sec$, connecting phase time was $0.87{\pm}0.07sec$, and El-Grip phase time was $0.61{\pm}0.02sec$. The descent phase need short period of time but however to have a stable performance, ensuring ascent and connecting phase time are needed. El-Grip phase need short period of time to have a stable re-grasp. 2. To have a convenient preparation for El-Grip in descent and ascent phase, lowering CM, and ease up in sway and plunge from the High Bar would make descent and ascent even more faster and would have increase effect in trunk rotation. 3. In descent and ascent phase, if shoulder angle and arm slope is dwindling then it would effect rotation angle so might risk it from hitting a Bar when putting legs in and out. 4. In connecting phase, it requires some time to show stable performance when El-Grip phase is continued by using hip angle which would make trunk rotation angle bigger and make descent and ascent time slower. 5. In El-Grip phase, when doing motions like hand standing. using hip angle more than maximum would make CM even faster and it is stable position while performing.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2021

Objective: This study aims to verify the conventional deadlift motions using by two different grips, thereby elucidating the grounds for effective training methods that can minimize the risk of injury. Method: Total of 18 healthy young adults were recruited for this study (age: 25.11±2.19 yrs., height: 175.67±5.22 cm, body mass: 78.5±8.09 kg, 1-RM: 125.75±19.48 kg). All participants were asked to perform conventional deadlift with two types of grips which are overhand grip (OG) and underhand grip (UG). In each grip, participant perform the deadlift with 50% and 80% of the pre-measured 1-RM. A 3-dimensional motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 3 channels of EMG was performed in this study. A two-way ANOVA (group × load) with repeated measure was used for statistical verification. The significant level was set at α=.05. Results: There were significant differences in grip type and weight on the right shoulder joint, and only significant difference in grip on the left shoulder joint (p<.05). The hip joint ROM was significantly increased as the weight increased in both types of grips on phase 1, while the ROM of hip joint was significantly decreased as the weight increased only in the case of OG on phase 2 (p<.05). In case of the OG, as the weight, increased significantly increased L1 ROM and L3 ROM were revealed on phase 1 and phase 2, respectively (p<.05). Moreover, as the weight increased, UG revealed significantly decreased L5 ROM on phase 1, while both grips showed significantly increased ROM on phase 2 (p<.05). In addition, the erector spinae and the biceps femoris, which are synergist for the motion, showed a significant difference in both types of grip according to the weight (p<.05). The muscle activity ratio of gluteus maximus/biceps femoris showed a significant difference only in the UG according to the weight (p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, beginners might be suggested to use the UG for maintaining the neutral state of the lumbar spine and focus on the gluteus maximus muscle, which is the main activation muscle. For the experts, it may recommend alternative use of the OG and UG according to the training purpose to minimize the compensation effect.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was performed to understand the relationship between hand and mouth shapes using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI). Methods : Two healthy volunteers without any previous history of physical or neurological illness were recruited. fMRI was done that volunteers was 6 repeated of natural mouth, close mouth and open mouth while power grip and pinch grip movement. Results : Cerebral cortex activation was not well observed for the natural mouth during the power grip exercise. For the closed mouth, the temporal lobe, Broca's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking and judgment, the supplementary motor area, the auditory area and Wernicke's area were activated. For the open mouth, cortical activation was also observed in the temporal lobe, Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking and the orbital frontal area related to visual sense. During the pinch grip exercise, cortical activation was observed for the natural mouth in the primary sensory area, Wernicke's area, the primary and supplementary motor area, and the prefrontal area. For the closed mouth, cortical activation was observed in the temporal lobe, Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking, the secondary visual area, the primary sensory area and the supplementary motor area. In the case of the open mouth, cortical activation was observed in a few parts in the temporal lobe as well as Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking, and other areas related to visual sense such as the primary visual area, the secondary visual area and the visual association area. Conclusion : Brain was more activation for close mouth and open mouth more than natural mouth movement.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of taping method using elastic tape and non-elastic tape on pain, grip strength and muscle activity in middle-aged female patients with lateral epicondylitis. METHODS: The subjects were 40- to 50-year-old female patients with lateral epicondylitis. A total of 22 subjects were divided into two groups, and each group had 11 patients. The intervention was carried out three times a week for 4 weeks. One group applied tape using elastic tape (ETG) while the other group applied tape using non-elastic tape (NETG). The measurement factors were pain, grip strength, and muscle activity. Pain was measured using VAS. Grip strength was measured using a grip dynamometer, and muscle activity was measured using EMG in the affected extensor carpi radialis brevis. Changes in interventions were compared among the groups using a paired t-test. The comparison between groups compared delta values (Changed values) between pre- and post-intervention using an independent t-test. RESULTS: In both groups, there was a statistically significant decrease in VAS. However, there was no statistically significant decrease in the delta value of VAS between ETG and NETG. In both groups, grip strength and muscle activity increased after intervention. There were statistically significant differences in delta values between ETG and NETG. CONCLUSION: Taping is a good intervention method for patients with lateral epicondylitis. Both elastic tape and non-elastic tape were effective. In particular, taping using elastic tape is an effective method for improving muscle function with pain reduction.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was attempted to examine the relationship between hand grip strength and dyslipidemia. and it was analyze the effect of hand grip strength on dyslipidemia and discuss the problems that may occur. Methods: The study focused on 'the National Health and Nutrition Survey's 7th Year 1, 2, and 3 (2016-2018)' as their primary data. Among people who measured dyslipidemia and relative hand grip strength, 12,636 people were selected as the final study after excluding missing values. Frequency analysis, mean analysis, and regression analysis was used to determine dyslipidemia and hand grip strength indices according to the subjects' characteristics study and verify the research hypothesis. Results: Outcomes show that 4,542 (35.9%) of the subjects were dyslipidemia, and when the hand grip strength of the subjects increased by 1kg, Dyslipidemia decreased by 0.217 less. The result of subdivided and analyzed dependent variables presented that every time the hand grip strength increased by 1kg, the L-HDL -C decreased by 0.325 less, but it did not affect H-LDL-C and H-TG. Conclusion: In order to reduce dyslipidemia, it is essential to recognize the necessity of muscular exercise and fulfill it. Focus on health care, such as health conditions, health behavior, and make efforts to participate in health education. If so, it is expected to help reduce the economic burden, such as the treatment of dyslipidemia and improve the quality of life free from mechanical circulatory diseases.