• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 1998

Susceptibility of soybean cultivars to Calonectria illicicola was evaluated in a greenhouse by inoculating seedlings with mycelium in agar discs placed on the stems at the soil line. A range of responses was detected among cultivars following inoculation with a virulent isolate of C.ilicicola. Rankings of cultivars between greenhouse tests 1 and 2 were similar for disease severity and areas under the disease progress curves (AUDPC). In addition, rankings of cultivars for Final disease severity were highly correlated with AUDPC in test 1 ($r_s$ =0.88, t =5.48, p<0.001), test 2 ($r_s$ =0.99, t =22.10, p<0.001), and when tests were combined ($r_s$=0.89, t=5.82, p<0. 001). Final disease severity and AUDPC consistently identified Asgrow 7986, Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest as soybean cultivars least susceptible to red crown rot. In 1993 and 1994 field tests, a range in disease susceptibility was observed for tested cultivars but none was completely resistant. Soybean cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest, which were least susceptible to red crown rot in greenhouse tests, also ranked among cultivars with the lowest disease incidence and AUDPC in field tests. Comparisons .between rankings of the eight cultivars common to greenhouse and field tests showed a correlation between final disease severity from combined greenhouse tests and both final disease incidence ($r_s$=0.63, t =1.99, p<0.1) and AUDPC ($r_s$=0.60, t =1.82, p < 0.2) from the combined field tests. However, AUDPC from greenhouse tests did not correlate with either final disease incidence or AUDPC from field tests. The green-house screening method provided consistent results between greenhouse and field tests and successfully identified the least susceptible cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.173-193
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• 1996

This study was carried out to elucidate the causes of farmer's disease and greenhouse disease in the rural area of Kyungnam province during 1996. 2,171 (69.1%) of the 3,140 adults above 20 years old who had lived in the selected 20 villages in Uiryong County of Kyungnam Province were selected in order to over both residents who live in the green house distracts and conventional rural area. The results were as follows: 1. Among the subjects, the male was 42.2% and female was 57.6%. The average age for the male was 52.3, 55.6 for the female. 2. The proportion of the farmers in the subjects was 81.5%. Among these 78.0% were engaged in the greenhouse farming. 3. Among the eight symptoms of Nofusho(japanese farmer's comples), lumbago was the most frequently complained and followed by shoulder stiffness and parenthesis of hand or foot. 4. The total score of farmer's disease was evidently higher in the female and the older the score was clearly bigger. 5. The prevalence of Nofusho(Japanese farmer's comples)was 26.8% and 43.15% was for the suspected Nofusho. In the male, the prevalence of Nofusho was 13.6% and 40.9% for the suspected Nofusho and in the female 36.5% and 44.7% were shown, comparatively. 6. According to the multiple classification analysis, sex, age, and occupation were selected as significant variables to explain the total score of Nofusho. 7. The correlations between the total score of Nofusho and the number of sick day, working years, and age were significant, comparatively. 8. According to the multiple classification analysis corolling interaction between independent variables, age was the only variable which was significant in the male and age, pesticide work in the female. 9. The score of greenhouse disease was highest in the group who engaged in greenhouse farming and conventional farming(2.76 for male, 3.77 for female) followed by the group who engaged only in greening house farming(2.66 for male, 3.49 for female) and by the group who engaged only in conventional farming(2.27 for male, 3.05 for female) 10. According to the multiple classification analysis with the total score of greenhouse disease as dependent variable, corolling interaction between independent variables, age and pesticide work were revealed as significant variables in the male, while, pesticide work and farming type were significant in the female. According to the above results, the following could be suggested. Because lumbago, shoulder stiffness, paresthesia of hand and foot were the most frequently complained symptoms in the respondent, the development of farming tool to reduce the body burden and periodical physical exercise and rest is highly recommended. It is revealed that both in the farmer' disease and greenhouse disease the score was higher in the female than in the male. So the reasonables measures is recommended to reduce the working hours of the female. Pesticide work was revealed as the significant variable in the female in farmer's disease and both in the male and the female in greenhouse disease. So the development of the safe method of pesticide spraying including safety education should be introduced. Particularly the female should be excluded in pesticide spraying.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.45-47
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• 2021

Damping-off symptoms were frequently observed on young plants of coastal hogfennel (Peucedanum japonicum) grown in a farmer's vinyl greenhouse located in Goseong, Gangwon Province, Korea during a disease survey in June 2019. Incidence of the diseased plants was 50-70% in the vinyl greenhouse investigated during the disease survey. Eight isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from the diseased plants. All the isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-4 were tested for pathogenicity on coastal hogfennel by artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced damping-off symptoms on the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in the farmer's vinyl greenhouse investigated. This is the first report of R. solani AG-4 causing damping-off in coastal hogfennel.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2009

Bacterial wilt, Fusarium wilt and Foot rot caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Phytophthora capsici respectively, continue to be severe problems to tomato, potato and black pepper growers in Vietnam. Three bio-products, Bacillus vallismortis EXTN-1 (EXTN-1), Bacillus sp. and Paenibacillus sp. (ESSC) and Bacillus substilis (MFMF) were examined in greenhouse bioassay for the ability to reduce bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt and foot rot disease severity. While these bio-products significantly reduced disease severities, EXTN-1 was the most effective, providing a mean level of disease reduction 80.0 to 90.0% against bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt and foot rot diseases under greenhouse conditions. ESSC and MFMF also significantly reduced fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt and foot rot severity under greenhouse conditions. Bio-product, EXTN-1 with the greatest efficacy under greenhouse condition was tested for the ability to reduce bacterial wilt, fusarium wilt and foot rot under field condition at Song Phuong and Thuong Tin locations in Ha Tay province, Vietnam. Under field condition, EXTN-1 provided a mean level of disease reduction more than 45.0% against all three diseases compared to water treated control. Besides, EXTN-1 treatment increased the yield in tomato fruits 17.3% than water treated control plants.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2013

The disease and insect were surveyed locally in greenhouse, fruit packing house and store house of 51 farms in 13 towns having purpose of paprika exportation. By analysis, various disease and insect were not only founded locally but more ones detected in farms having old facilities and no natural enemy. We found 15 pathogens such as Fusarium spp., Alternaria solani, Leveilluila taurica, PepMV (Pepino mosaic virus) and TMV (Tobacco mosaic virus) in greenhouse, Fusarium spp. in fruit packing house and Penicillium spp. in store house. We found 15 insects in greenhouse such as Bemisia tabaci, rialeurodes vaporariorum and Myzus persicae in greenhouse, Hylobitelus haroldi in fruit packing house. However, the problem quarantine disease and insect for importation and exportation were not detected in inspection time.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.346-352
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• 2010

This study was conducted in Bahar and Lalehjin, Hamadan, Iran to assess the biocontrol efficacy of Coniothyrium minitans Campbell against potato white mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary under field and greenhouse conditions. In addition, the resistance of common potato cultivars against S. sclerotiorum was determined in a greenhouse experiment. After straw inoculation of six potato cultivars (Pashandi, Istambouli, Agria, Marfauna, Alpha and Spartaan) with S. sclerotiorum, the least disease severity was observed in Spartaan and Marfauna. Agria showed the most susceptibility to S. sclerotiorum. Compared with the healthy control, different concentrations of C. minitans conidia ($10^7$, $10^8$ and $10^9$ conidia/mL) reduced disease severity under greenhouse condition, and a concentration $10^9$ was the most effective treatment. During 2008 and 2009, four field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of C. minitans in different soil and aerial applications on disease incidence of potato white mold. In 2008, soil application of $Contans^{(R)}$ WG (a commercial product of C. minitans) showed the greatest biocontrol capacity whereas soil application of solid-substrate C. minitans was found inferior when compared with other treatments in both Bahar and Lalehjin field sites. In 2009, benomyl application was the most effective treatment in reducing disease incidence in both tested field sites.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.695-703
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• 2014

We experimented with the effect of oleic acid and its appropriate concentration to prevent powdery mildew eco-friendly in a cucumber greenhouse cultivation. 'Baekbongdadaki' (Nongwoo Bio. co. Korea) was treated in the plastic greenhouse at Sangmyung University. We treated four levels of concentration of oleic acid, which were 0, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 ppm. There were investigated diseased severity, diseased leaf area, control value, and pesticide injury. The degree of control values by oleic acid treatments was investigated at 3 days after treatment. The recurrence of powdery mildew was checked for 55 days. The day and night temperature in the greenhouse were controlled to 23 and $15^{\circ}C$ respectively. The humidity inside the greenhouse was not controlled to prevent outbreak of the disease. From the experimental results, oleic acid was very efficient to control powdery mildew. 2000 ppm of oleic acid was shown to be the most control efficiency without any pesticide injury. The recommended method to treat it was to spray three times every 3 weeks.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2023

Wilt symptoms were observed in basil (Ocimum basilicum) plants grown in a vinyl greenhouse located in Gokseong, Korea, during crop disease surveys conducted in August 2022. The symptoms appeared as wilting of the plants and brown to dark brown longitudinal streaks on the stems at or above the soil line. The disease incidence among the plants in the vinyl greenhouse was 5-20%. Six isolates of Fusarium sp. were obtained from stem lesions and identified as Fusarium oxysporum species complex based on their morphological characteristics. Among the isolates, two were used for phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity test. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates belonged to F. oxysporum. Pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed through artificial inoculation test. The symptoms induced by the isolates were similar to those observed in basil plants in the investigated vinyl greenhouse. This is the first report of F. oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt in basil in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

In this paper, Wireless sensor network technology applied to various greenhouse agro-industry items such as horticulture and local specialty etc., we was constructed automatic control system for optimum growth environment by measuring growth status and environmental change. existing monitoring systems of greenhouse gather information about growth environment depends on the temperature. but in this system, Can be efficient collection and control of information to construct wireless sensor network by growth measurement sensor and environment monitoring sensor inside of the greenhouse. The system is consists of sensor manager for information processing, an environment database that stores information collected from sensors, the GUI of show the greenhouse status, it gather soil and environment information to soil and environment(including weather) sensors, growth measurement sensor. In addition to support that soil information service shows the temperature, moisture, EC, ph of soil to user through the interaction of obtained data and Complex Growth Environment information service for quality and productivity can prevention and response by growth disease or disaster of greenhouse agro-industry items how temperature, humidity, illumination acquiring informationin greenhouse(strawberry, ginseng). To verify the executability of the system, constructing the complex growth environment measurement system using wireless sensor network in greenhouse and we confirmed that it is can provide our optimized growth environment information.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.446-452
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• 2008

Machine vision system was used for analyzing leaf color disorders of tomato plants in a greenhouse. From the day when a few leave of tomato plants had started to wither, a series of images were captured by 4 times during 14 days. Among several color image spaces, Saturation frame in HSI color space was adequate to eliminate a background and Hue frame was good to detect infected disease area and tomato fruits. The processed image ($G{\sqcup}b^*$ image) by OR operation between G frame in RGB color space and $b^*$ frame in $La^*b^*$ color space was useful for image segmentation of a plant canopy area. This study calculated a ratio of the infected area to the plant canopy and manually analyzed leaf color disorders through an image segmentation for Hue frame of a tomato plant image. For automatically analyzing plant leave disease, this study selected twenty-seven color patches on the calibration bars as the corresponding to leaf color disorders. These selected color patches could represent 97% of the infected area analyzed by the manual method. Using only ten color patches among twenty-seven ones could represent over 85% of the infected area. This paper showed a proposed machine vision system may be effective for evaluating various leaf color disorders of plants growing in a greenhouse.