• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-162
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• 2012

Learning graphical representations for statistical data requires understanding of the context related to measurement in statistical investigation since the choice of representation and the features of the selected graph to represent the data are determined by the purpose and context of data collection and the types of the data collected. This study investigated whether middle school students can think critically about measurement and scales integrating contextual knowledge and statistical knowledge. According to our results, the students lacked critical thinking related to measurement process of data and scales of graphical representations. In particular, the students had a tendency not to question upon information provided from data and graphs. They also lacked competence to critique data and graphs and to make a flexible judgement in light of context including statistical purpose.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.266-277
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• 2003

Every conceptual temporal rat relationship can be described using one of seven relations (before, meets, overlaps, during, starts, finishes, and equals ). The conceptual representation provides an efficient means for our multimedia authoring system to automatically fill in the necessary timing details. We developed a multimedia Presentation authoring system that supports a mechanism for conceptually representing the temporal relations of different media. Among the many editors that make up our system, the temporal relation editor provides users with an intuitive mechanism for representing the conceptual flow of a presentation by simple and direct graphical manipulations. Our system is based on the SMIL(Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language). The conceptual temporal relation editor and other editors of our system exchange their information in real-time and automatically generate SMIL codes through the SMIL Object Manager. Our system uses TRN(Temporal Relation Network) as its internal multimedia presentation representation. The TRN corresponds exactly to the structure seen in the graphical representation of the presentation. A parallel relationship found in a TRN can be collapsed into a single synchronization block. This facilitates the determination of the playing time of each component and can be the basic unit for reusability of already prepared blocks of presentation code.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.373-378
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• 2005

Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) based on electronic bulletin board system (e-BBS) has been widely used for various educational purposes since the advent of the Internet. Instructors can achieve pedagogical goals by analyzing the contents of postings. They can be benefited technically from analytic information on discussion activities. Studies on content analysis and social presence in communication have been traditionally done by social studies. However, researches on computational and logical analysis of the phenomenon are rare. To do that we propose a formal model to represent and analyze communication activities logically. The model consists of interactivity vector providing a formal representation of discussion activities and interactivity chart providing a graphical representation of interactivity vector. The formal approach can be used as a useful technical assistance to analyze and compare discussion groups computationally.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.164-172
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• 2022

A HAZID is a brainstorming workshop to identify hazards in an early phase of a project. It should be flexible to capture all probable accidents allowing experienced participants to exploit their expertise and experiences. A bowtie analysis is a graphical representation of major accident hazards elaborating safety measures i.e. barriers. The result of these workshops should be documented in an organized manner to share as good as possible details of the discussion through the lifetime of the project. Currently results are documented using a three-step representation of an accident; causes, top event and consequences, which cannot capture correctly sequence of events leading to various accidents and roles of barrier between two events. Another problem is that barriers would be shown repeatedly leading to a misunderstanding that there are an enough number of safety measures. A new bowtie analysis method is proposed to describe an accident in multiple steps showing relations among causes or consequences. With causes and consequences shown in a format of a tree, the frequencies of having the top event (Fault tree analysis) and various consequences (Event tree analysis) are evaluated automatically based on the frequency of initiating causes and the probabilities of failure of barriers. It will provide a good description of the accident scenario and help the risk to be assessed transparently.

• School Mathematics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.131-145
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• 2009

This research was designed to investigate the possibility to teach function concept and graph representation of functions in explicit manner toward at elementary level. Eight class-hours instruction was given to four Grade 5(age 11) students, and dynamic geometry software GSP was partially used in the class. Results indicate that the students could conceptualize the function relation, interpret linear function graphs, recognize the meaning of their slopes, and discuss the relationships among linear graphs and real life situation. Results also indicate that GSP helped students to recognize the relation between dots and the linear graph clearly and that GSP-line graph did decisive role for children to understand the meaning of graph representation of function.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

The design of complex man-made systems mostly involves a conceptual modeling phase; therefore, it is important to ensure an appropriate analysis method for these models. A key concept for such analysis is the development of a diagramming technique (e.g., UML) because diagrams can describe entities and processes and emphasize important aspects of the systems being described. The analysis also includes an examination of ontological concepts such as states and events, which are used as a basis for the modeling process. Studying fundamental concepts allows us to understand more deeply the relationship between these concepts and modeling frameworks. In this paper, we critically analyze the classic definition of a state utilizing the Thinging machine (TM) model. States in state machine diagrams are considered the appropriate basis for modeling system behavioral aspects. Despite its wide application in hardware design, the integration of a state machine model into a software system's modeling requirements increased the difficulty of graphical representation (e.g., integration between structural and behavioral diagrams). To understand such a problem, in this paper, we project (create an equivalent representation of) states in TM machines. As a case study, we re-modeled a state machine of an assembly line system in a TM. Additionally, we added possible triggers (transitions) of the given states to the TM representation. The outcome is a complicated picture of assembly line behavior. Therefore, as an alternative solution, we re-modeled the assembly line based solely on the TM. This new model presents a clear contrast between state-based modeling of assembly line behavior and the TM approach. The TM modeling seems more systematic than its counterpart, the state machine, and its notions are well defined. In a TM, states are just compound events. A model of a more complex system than the one in the assembly line has strengthened such a conclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.225-230
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• 2003

Efficient representation is crucial in the analysis of complex geospatial information. In case of aerial triangulation, most of currently available software are designed as black boxes where only an experienced user would be able to prepares the preformatted input file and interprete the result of the adjustment. This paper introduces a solution to this problem through the UML design of a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the aerial triangulation task. The design was then implemented with ArcGIS. The error of the exterior orientation of each aerial Imagery was represented with a 3-D error ellipse, enabling the visualization of the adjustment result. The attributes of images and points (control points, tie points and image points) were maintained as a database which enables the searching and querying of adjustment information.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.716-719
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• 1997

An integrated program of driving simulator has been developed for excavators using the Motif, OpenGL, and C compiler. The developed program not only offers a GUI but also covers graphic algorithms, therefore, the user can easily run the driving simulator whose components include a simplified visual graphics system. Several graphics technique are combined and applied to the simulator program in order to increase the speed of graphical representation, which access computer memories, mix 2D models with 3D ones, and use the basic position detection method. A text format environment file has been utilized for organizing more flexible driving circumstances.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.125-132
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• 1992

A computer program for matrix structural analysis by object-oriented programming technique using C/sup ++/ language has been developed. Object, class, method and inheritance which are used in object-oriented programming are illustrated using a graphical representation. The matrix operations and the structural analysis by matrix displacement method were satisfactorily performed by the proposed program. This object-oriented programming concepts can be widely used to develop the finite element structural analysis program for personal computers.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.257-262
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• 2003

The voltage unbalance factor derived from symmetrical component analysis requires manipulation of complex quantities. To facilitate the calculation of the voltage unbalance factor in field applications, this paper proposes the method for calculating the voltage unbalance factor in terms of the line voltage magnitudes that are readily available in moat practical circumstances. It is shown that the line voltages appear as circular Phasor loci for given voltage unbalance factor, and a graphical chart is developed that can be used to determine the voltage unbalance factor in a straightforward manner avoiding calculation.