• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.9
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• pp.2221-2234
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• 1997

Distributed mutual exclusion algorithms have employed two approaches to achieve mutual exclusion and can be divided into two broad classes:token-based and permission-based. Token-based algorithms share a unique token among the nodes and a node is allowed to access its common resources if it possesses the token. Permission-based algorithms require one or more successive rounds of message exchanges among the nodes to obtain the permission to access the common resources. A hypercube architecture has earned wide acceptance in multiprocessor systems in the past few years because of its simple, yet rich topology. Accordingly, we study distributed permission-based mutual exclusion algorithms for hypercubes, and design a distributed permission-based mutual exclusion algorithm based on a new information structure adapted to the hypercubes. The new information structure is a request set of T-pattern from a logical mesh that is embedded into a hypercube. If a node wants to access the common resources, it sends request message to all nodes in the request set by Lan's multicast algorithm. Once the node receives a grant message from all nodes in the request set, it accesses the common resource. We evaluate our algorithm with respect to minimum round-trip delay, blocking delay, and the number of messages per access to the common resource.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is development of the management and guide system for convenient use of new address guide system for systematic management and use of spatial information gained by mapping of numerical map of building and road to large basic new address, survey and input of main gate, decision of the road session, naming and input of road name, grant of numbering of all houses and buildings, new address guide, real life geographical information and added information service on web site in Jecheon-si city area. In this study, the development and establishment of new address management and guide system in local cities are designed by making full use of GIS function of client server based system. A guide system is designed the same database as management system, and it is transformed into Web GIS environment and developed in order to add the various functions of life GIS as well as new address guide. In the result, the effectiveness of new address system and guide of Jecheon-si city could be highly increased owing to not only citizens' easy access but also easy availability of various informations necessary in life by developed its system.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.383-388
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• 1997

This study was designed to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of $CdCl_2$ on the enzyme activities such as LDH and SOD related with the accumulations of cadmium(Cd) in liver and kidney of BALB/c mice. 1. Cd accumulations in liver and kidey were increased in a dose dependent fashion. And also, this pattern was more conspicuous in kidney than that in liver. 2. LDH activities of liver and kidney were increased in a dose dependent fashion except for that of liver in 200 ppm Cd group which was similar to that of 25 ppm Cd group. 3. SOD activities of Cd exposed liver and kidney in Cd-fed mice similar to those of controls except for elevation of SOD activity of liver in 25 ppm Cd group. The results of this study suggest that the activities of various enzymes can be modulated by Cd intoxication. Acknowledgement: This study was financially supported in part by a Research Grant from Bio-Safty Research Institute, Chonbuk National University in 1997(CNU-BSRI, No. 97-03).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4543-4550
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to suggest the improvement method to achieve the interactive development effect between high-tech industrial complex and its surrounding areas. For this reason, this paper has conducted an empirical analysis to find out relevant comprehensive factors, affecting nearby housing prices from such plans, especially by reviewing 'Seoul Digital Industrial Complex.' This paper is truly differentiated from previous research by adding a new perspective 'diverse location characteristics', as it focuses not only on 'high-tech facility' characteristics, but also on 'urban function facilities', including 'transportation facilities', 'amenity facilities', 'security facilities', etc. Then, SPSS Version 18.0 was utilized to conduct the multiple regression analysis with the accumulated relevant data and several results were drawn out as following: Firstly, 'deterioration level', 'brand of apartment', etc. are found to be major influencing factors. Secondly, 'educational facilities', 'transportation facilities', 'Cultural & Sports facilities', 'Amenity facilities', etc. are found in the sector of 'location characteristic'. Lastly, 'leading companies within the industrial complex', were also found, affecting nearby housing prices. Therefore, when a housing development project is planned to grant the interactive development effect to high-tech industrial complex and its surrounding housing areas, it is necessary to consider variety factors, such as comprehensive location characteristics and housing complex characteristics, and also proper housing policy measures should be devised in accordance with the actual demand of employees and their dependant family members.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

This study is based on the need to Lawively respond to changes in the population structure according to the low birth and elderly society, and to contribute to the establishment of policies on the welfare of the elderly, based on the need to review the "Elderly Welfare Law", and proposed ways to improve them by looking for problems with the Elderly Welfare Law. First, it is the enLawment of the Basic Law on The Welfare of the Elderly. As a proposal to improve the Elderly Welfare Law, it is a way to completely revamp the Elderly Welfare Law to grant a status as the basic law and the supreme law on the welfare of the elderly. Second, it is necessary to overhaul the law on elderly health and welfare measures and elderly welfare facilities. The plan is to revise the Elderly Welfare Law to clearly revise the legal charLawer of the elderly to the health and welfare measures of the elderly and the Law on elderly welfare facilities. Third, the legal system of the Elderly Welfare Law should be reorganized. The plan is to maintain the contents of the major welfare policies contained in the current "Elderly Welfare Law", but to revise it with a focus on the systemic issues mentioned above. In conclusion, the current "Elderly Welfare Law" was made in the context of the period at the time of its establishment and the basic courtesy of the elderly, and there are many points that are insufficient to cope with the low birth rate and the elderly society. Accordingly, this study proposes amendments and supplements to the Elderly Welfare Law, which can accept the request stipulated by the times due to changes in population structure.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.871-907
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish a new rural development policy system based on the unit of a community organizations. This study is to complement or replace the existing rural development system which is based on the unit of rural villages. The communalism which is the core concept of traditional rural villages has been weakened or destroyed. Especially, economic, social and spatial communalism of a rural villages has been weakened rapidly in the process of industralization and urbanization for the last 50 years. This means that strong communalism inside rural villages and neighborhood independence from each others among rural villages are already weakened. Rural villages no longer represent rural area, unlikely the hypothesis policy makers have been used to set up rural development policies. Advanced countries like EU and Japan are well known to have a rural development policy based on the units of social organizations in the rural area. These policies have been on the main stream in the era of local decentralization. Rural resident's organization made rural site's development plan using local assets and submitted to the public sector. Then the public sector examine its value and possibilities as a rural development projects. And public sector finalize the decision on subsidy grant. These policy patterns are already introduced partly in the field of urban development programme as well as rural development programme. It is time to apply those policies more widely and to examine more systematically.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.47-72
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• 2016

The Government of Korea has always focused on developing and maintaining a surplus on the balance of payments as a successful trade policy. The focus should now be on spatial information hiding, revealing patterns in trade activities that enable viewing trade in a more sophisticated manner. This study utilizes trade statistical data such as the United States-South Korea imports and exports from 2003 to 2015 officially released by the two countries. It allows us to analyze and extract the spatial information pertaining to the origin, transit, and destination. First, in the case of export data to the United States, the origin of the trade goods has expanded and decentralized from the metropolitan area. With regard to transit, in 2003, most of the exported goods were shipped by ocean vessels and arrived at the ports on the western coast of the United States. However, trade patterns have changed over the 12-year period and now more of that trade has moved to the southern ports of the United States. In terms of destination, California and Texas were importing goods from South Korea. With the development of the automotive industry in Georgia and Alabama, these two states also imported huge volumes of automobile parts. Second, in case of import data, most imported goods from the United States originated from California and Texas. In this case, 40% of goods were shipped by air freight and arrived at the Incheon-Seoul International Airport; most ocean freight was handled at the Port of Busan. The purpose of this study is to decompose the spatial information from the trade statistics data between Korea and the United States and to depict visualized bilateral trade structure by origin, transit, and destination.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.149-182
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• 2007

This study examines the determinants of the long-run stock price performance of the firms that granted stock options between 1997 and 2002. We divide the sample into the firms run by the owner and those run by the professional manager. If the primary reason for granting stock options is reduction of the agency costs between the manager and shareholders, the effect of stock options is likely to be more pronounced in the firms run by the professional manager. We find that the long-run abnormal returns of the firms run by the professional manager are negatively associated with the shareholdings by the manager and the book-to-market value and are positively associated with the earnings growth and the size of the outstanding stock options. In contrast, the long-run abnormal returns of the firms run by the owner are negatively associated with the cash flows rate and the sales growth rate and are positively associated with the firm size. This is consistent with the argument that the agency costs arising from the conflicts between the manager and shareholders are an important determinant of the post-stock option granting long-run stock price performance only in the firms run by the professional manager. The results also suggest that stock options in the firms run by the owner are likely to be used for the purposes such as additional compensation, a signaling device, a means that reduce the agency costs within firms.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2015

Purpose : This study aimed to critically analyze published research papers in Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration and to investigate the research field and trends. Methods : Types of studies, research trends, levels of evidence, participants, funding sources and research areas were analyzed and described by using 97 selected studies published between 2003 and 2014. Results : Every 5 years, the most frequent type of study was experimental research. The numbers of experimental studies and review studies have been increasing. The most frequent level of evidence was one group non-randomized study, followed by case reports. The highest percentage of participants were children with disability and the most common diagnoses were pervasive developmental disorder, developmental delay and intellectual disabilities. Most of the participants was elementary school students and the most frequent sample size was below 10. The percentage of research grant from Korean Academy of Sensory Integration has been over 50% since 2008. The research areas focusing on the standardized assessments were mostly sensory modulation, interaction and development and the non-standardized assessments were behavior observation and clinical observation. Conclusion : Higher level of studies and comprehensive research methods will be needed. The standardized assessment tools with the high sensibility on sensory integration which developed in the domestic need to be developed. Thus, it will be able to contribute to the evidence based practice in occupational therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.197-224
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• 2020

This paper reviews and criticizes some issues as to the case of A and Others v. Finnair Oyj [2020] Case C-832/18 by examining EU Regulations and practical point of views. Under this case, the travellers brought an action against Finnair in light of the Air Passenger Regulation12, seeking compensation for both the first cancelled flight, and the delayed re-routed flight. Finnair had paid the first compensation, but refused to grant the second claim, arguing that the regulation did not set out that passengers were eligible for a second claim in those situations, and that the delay of the second flight was a consequence of 'extraordinary circumstances' under the regulation. The Court of Appeal in Helsinki has asked the CJEU whether an air passenger is entitled to a further compensation where a re-routed flight they have agreed to take is delayed, where both the original and rerouted flight are operated by the same air carrier. The CJEU held that the regulation does not in any way limit the rights of passengers where they find their flights being re-routed. As such, under earlier CJEU case law, the relevant travellers here were entitled to compensation for cancellation of the first flight and delay of the second flight. It also disagreed with Finnair's assessment that the technical failure in the re-routing flight was a matter of extraordinary circumstances.