• 아동학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.175-192
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• 2007

Qualitative research was used to discover factors, relationships, and practices affecting rearing of a grandchild by grandparents. Results showed that the grandparents' motives for rearing a grandchild were parental obligation and responsibility, the fate of unavoidable situations, feelings of worth and affection, helping household economy, and absence of another reliable place for child-rearing. Grandchild-rearing roles included substitute mother, disciplinarian, and playmate. Grandchild-rearing difficulties included such psychological problems as insufficient time for their own selves, concern that they might also raise another grandchild, conflicts with family members, economic problems, and physical problems such as grandparents' worsening health conditions, double pressures of housework and childcare, and stress from loss of memory and fatigue.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2014

This study explores the grandchild-rearing experience of grandmothers whose children are part of dual-earner couples. Twelve participants provided in-depth interview data that were analysed according to Spradely's ethnographic method. We present three main themes in our research, as well as ten smaller themes: (i) the grandchild-rearing motive (from the perspective of the adult, the child, the grandchild, and the grandmother); (ii) the mode of grandchild-rearing support (residential, total weight of childrearing support, availability of a daycare center); (iii) the change in the grandmother's way of life (positive changes and negative changes). Finally, this study examines the integrity of the grandmother's identity as their productivity increases through providing grandchild-rearing support. It also looks at the importance of governmental policies that support their burdens according to the level support they provide.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2018

This study examined how the relationship between grandmother-adult child solidarity, caregiving satisfaction, and grandmother's child-rearing role varies according to the relation with the grandchild. Mediation effects and moderated mediation effects were analyzed to investigate the relationship between these variables. The participants were 295 grandmothers raising preschool-aged grandchildren in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and PROCESS macro, performing correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The statistical significance of the indirect effect was examined using a bootstrapping procedure. The results are as follows. First, grandmother-adult child solidarity directly affects the grandmother's child-rearing role. Second, grandmother-adult child solidarity indirectly affects the grandmother's child-rearing role through caregiving satisfaction. Third, the direct and indirect effects of grandmother-adult child solidarity on the grandmother's child-rearing role are moderated by the relation with the grandchild. The direct effect of grandmother-adult child solidarity on grandmother's child-rearing role was therefore shown to be significant on the maternal grandmother. Fourth, the indirect effect of grandmother-adult child solidarity on the grandmother's child-rearing role through caregiving satisfaction was shown to be significant on the paternal grandmother. Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to strengthen the capacity of co-parenting between grandparents and adult children.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2015

This study explores interpretations of grandmothers' experiences rearing their grandchildren. For this study, 13 participants provided in-depth interview data, which was analyzed according to Spradely's ethnographic method. Based on the pattern of interpretations, nine concepts were classified into three categories: (i) repentance (compulsive decisions, passivity of the childrearing activity, non-compensation); (ii) sorrow (restrictions on everyday life, renunciation of occupational careers, worsened health); and (iii) satisfaction (decreased isolation in old age, proof of existence for their children, intimacy development with their grandchild). The results of this study show that grandmothers have a higher appreciation for the benefits of relational compensation than for personal cost. Some practical implications are suggested to improve family welfare.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2009

This study purposed to survey grandparents' difficulties in parenting their grand children at grandparent-grandchild households in South Jeolla rural areas. This study was conducted through in-depth interviews from January to October, 2008. The subjects were eight grandparents living with their grandchildren in Boseong-gun, Gangjin-gun, Yeonggwang-gun, Hampyeong-gun, Haenam-gun and Damyang-gun in South Jeolla province. The results are as follows: the grandparents' difficulties in parenting grandchildren are divided into four categories of variable factors: 'Difficulties related to grandparents themselves'; 'Difficulties related to their grandchildren'; 'Difficulties related to early childhood education institution: and 'Difficulties related to their grandchildren's peer group or surrounding people'. The main difficulties in these categories are 'poor, aging and weak conditions of grandparents: 'conflicts in their parenting attitude to have compassion on grandchildren: 'grandparents' not enough educational support to grandchildren due to their ignorance about today's education system: and 'anxiety about the possibility for their grandchildren to be abandoned once again.' These results can be used as a piece of basic information for desirable supports to grandparent-grandchild households.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.239-269
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• 2015

이 연구의 목적은 맞벌이 가정에서의 조모들의 손자녀 양육참여와 갈등을 알아봄으로써 공동양육자인 조모세대와 성인자녀세대의 조모 양육에 관한 견해들을 이해하고, 건강한 관계정립을 하여, 좀 더 나은 양육 환경을 조성하기 위함이다. 이 목적을 위해서 경기도 지역의 영 유아기 손자녀를 양육하는 6명의 조모와 그들의 성인자녀 중 6명의 취업모 총 12명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집기간은 2014년 5월부터 2014년 12월까지이며, 개방형 반구조 면접지침에 따른 심층면접과 전자우편, 관찰을 통해 이루어졌다. 자료분석은 현상학적 방법을 이용하였다. 연구결과, 78개의 의미단위와 15개의 하위구성요소, 6개의 구성요소를 도출하였다. 6개의 구성요소는 (1) 조모의 양육경험: 손자녀 양육을 통한 조모의 이중역할 (2) 취업모의 양육경험: 취업모의 모성이데올로기의 갈등 (3) 조모 관점에서의 긍정적 효과: 조모의 생성감 증가와 자녀세대와의 친밀한 유대관계형성 (4) 취업모 관점에서의 긍정적 효과: 취업모의 양육스트레스 감소 (5) 손자녀 양육경험의 부정적 효과: 조모의 양육 스트레스 증가와 취업 모의 낮은 양육 효능감 (6) 양육갈등: 두 명의 엄마와 충돌하는 양육 가치관으로 도출되었다. 본 연구를 통해 양육태도와 양육기술에 대한 두 엄마의 다른 가치관의 충돌은 서로에 대한 이해와 조율의 필요성이 제기됨으로 사회적인 개입이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.185-203
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• 2017

Objective: The present study examined the perspectives of grandparents raising their grandchildren in an attempt to better understand grandparents' child-rearing experience while providing kinship foster care to their primary-grade grandchildren. Methods: Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with eight grandparents who have raised one or two primary-grade (ages 8-10) grandchildren using a qualitative approach. Results: First, the participants viewed the reason for their kinship foster care as a failure for caring for their own children and accepted the present grandparent-care provision as their responsibility. Second, the participants communicated constant struggles with their own health and grandchild-care as well as positive/negative emotions associated with the care provision. Third, most of the participants did not fully understand the developmental needs of their primary-grade grandchildren. Fourth, the participants articulated concerns for their primary-grade grandchildren's learning, peer interactions, school adjustment, and extra-curricular activities. Lastly, the participants all agreed on hoping to raise grandchildren with good personality traits as members of a society and to have them fill the gap from the loss of their parents. Conclusion: Although most participants accepted the current circumstances as their obligation, they still noted difficulties in child-care provision. Given the developmental needs of grandchildren and the resource needs of grandparents, proper and continuous intervention approaches should be developed/provided.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.149-161
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• 2020

This study showed that the association between grandmother-mother relationship and grandmother-grandchildren ties is mediated by the coparenting. Participants consisted of 329 grandmothers who were rearing preschool aged grandchildren in the Seoul and Gyeonggido area. SPSS 23.0 performed descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The structural equation model was estimated with AMOS 23.0. Parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Model fit index used the chi-square statistic, the goodness of fit index (GFI), the Turker-Lewis index (TLI), the comparative fit index (CFI), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The mediation effect analysis followed a two-step verification process; direct and indirect effect. In addition, statistical significance of the indirect effect was examined using a bootstrapping procedure. The results are as follows. First, a positive correlation was found between the grandmother-mother relationship, grandmother-grandchildren ties, and coparenting. Second, the association between grandmother-mother relationship and grandmother-grandchildren ties is mediated by coparenting. The results of this study suggest that the quality of the grandmother's relationship with mothers and cooperative coparenting is important to building relationships with grandchildren. In addition, coparenting can be an important mechanism for grandmother-mother relationships and grandmother-grandchild ties. Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to improve the grandmothers' relationship quality with the mother and strengthen parenting ability.

• 한국노년학
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.587-609
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• 2021

본 연구는 개별 심층면접을 통해 조손가족 조모의 손자녀 양육에 대한 경험을 확인하고, 양육자의 관점에서 어떠한 신체-심리-사회적 이슈들을 당면하고 있는지 파악하는 것을 주요 목적으로 하고 있다. 특히 코로나19 팬데믹 상황 속에서 조모와 손자녀가 경험하는 다양한 이슈와 변화 및 어려움을 탐색하였다. 연구 참여자는 동거가족 내 부모세대 없이 6개월 이상 손자녀를 전담 양육하는 7명의 조모이고, 자료수집은 반 구조화된 심층 면접을 통해 이루어졌다. 분석결과 1) 손자녀 양육에 대한 나의 느낌, 걱정, 그리고 대처, 2) 손자녀 양육의 현실에서 부딪히는 어려움과 장애, 3) 자라면서 변화하는 손자녀와의 갈등 그리고 대처, 4) 조부모, 부모, 손자녀 그들 간의 관계와 감정, 5) 서비스 및 자원에 대한 욕구와 바람이라는 5개의 주요 범주를 발견할 수 있었다. 이들 범주에서는 총 16개의 주제어와 60개의 하위주제어가 도출되었다. 전반적으로 연구에 참여한 조모는 손자녀 양육에 대해 양가감정(보람과 부담감)을 갖고 있었고, 공통적으로 경제적 어려움과 건강의 한계, 손자녀와의 소통 단절에 대한 어려움을 언급하였다. 특히, 코로나19로 인해 손자녀가 조모와의 대화 없이 하루 종일 집에서 컴퓨터와 게임에 몰입하면서 세대 간 갈등이 더욱 심화되는 경향이 나타났다. 조모의 서비스 욕구는 손자녀를 위한 학습지원과 정서적·관계적 지원, 그리고 경제적 지원에 우선순위를 보였다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 토대로 조손가족 지원을 위한 정책적, 실천적 제언을 논의하였다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.441-458
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 손자녀의 양육을 지원하는 지원 양육조모의 양육 스트레스와 그의 예언변수들을 탐색하고 이를 양육모집단과 비교 분석하는 것이다. 낮시간 동안 아동을 돌보는 할머니 152명(지원 양육조모)과 그 아동의 어머니 152명(부분 양육모), 낮시간 동안 아동을 돌보는 어머니 157명(주 양육모)의 양육스트레스, 우울, 양육행동, 스트레스 대처, 사회적 지지를 비교 분석하였다. 지원 양육조모는 주 양육모와 부분 양육모에 비해 유의하게 우울하였으나 양육 스트레스에서는 집단 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 지원 양육조모는 주 양육모보다 사회적 지지와 문제 중심 대처 능력이 뚜렷이 낮아 스트레스에 가용한 자원이 취약함을 시사하였다. 양육스트레스를 설명하는 예언변수로 양육행동(과잉반응성, 방임성), 스트레스 대처(문제 중심 대처 및 정서 중심 대처), 사회적 지지, 우울의 설명량을 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 탐색하였다. 지원 양육조모의 양육 스트레스를 설명하는 변수는 과잉 반응성, 우울이었다. 주 양육모도 과잉반응성과 우울이 양육 스트레스의 유의한 예언 변수였고, 정서 중심 대처도 예언 변수로 나타났다. 한편, 부분 양육모는 사회적 지지, 우울, 과잉 반응성이 양육 스트레스의 유의한 예언 변수로 나타나 낮시간 양육 집단과는 차이를 보였다. 우울이나 자원의 측면에서 조모 집단과 모집단의 차이를 논의하고, 예언 변수를 중심으로 양육 집단과 비양육 집단의 차이, 조모 집단과 모집단 간의 차이에 대해 논의하였다.