• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권11호
• /
• pp.1536-1544
• /
• 2013

A least squares regression interval mapping model was derived to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with a unique mode of genomic imprinting, polar overdominance (POD), under a breed cross design model in outbred mammals. Tests to differentiate POD QTL from Mendelian, paternal or maternal expression QTL were also developed. To evaluate the power of the POD models and to determine the ability to differentiate POD from non-POD QTL, phenotypic data, marker data and a biallelic QTL were simulated on 512 F2 offspring. When tests for Mendelian versus parent-of-origin expression were performed, most POD QTL were classified as partially imprinted QTL. The application of the series of POD tests showed that more than 90% and 80% of medium and small POD QTL were declared as POD type. However, when breed-origin alleles were segregating in the grand parental breeds, the proportion of declared POD QTL decreased, which was more pronounced in a mating design with a small number of parents ($F_0$ and $F_1$). Non-POD QTL, i.e. with Mendelian or parent-of-origin expression (complete imprinting) inheritance, were well classified (>90%) as non-POD QTL, except for QTL with small effects and paternal or maternal expression in the design with a small number of parents, for which spurious POD QTL were declared.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.25-47
• /
• 1986

The present research is a study of the feared objects of children between 7 and 12 years of age. The data consisted of the replies to a questionnaire by 802 children and their mothers in Chun Chon City and Chunsung and Wonsung Counties plus. The questionnaire was divided into parts: 6 questions were designed to be answered by the children and 22 by their mothers. The children were asked about their feared objects, feared places, and feared colors, whereas their mothers about their own feared objects plus the backgrounds of their children's fear-objects. Frequency, percentage, and $X^2$-test were applied to the statistical analysis. The results were as follows: 1. Ghost (Kuishin), Devil (Toggaebi), and animals turned out to be the main feared objects of children. 2. Children's feared objects were same regardless of differentiating ages and regional backgrounds. Sex was the only factor which caused any differences. Girls were more sensitive to the animals as their feared objects. 3. Red and black proved to be the most frequently feared colors for all children. 4. Children's feared objects were influenced by the feared objects of their parents, grand parents and sisters and brothers. 5. Children's feared objects were related to the fairy tales and stories they have been told by their mothers.

• 교육녹색환경연구
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2003

This study attempts to review the present situations of rural schools in South Korea, to analyze problems regarding the educational environments for their students, and to present direction for improving toward better educational environments. All the data and information are based on using avaiable documents and personal macro observation and insights. The sharp decrease of rural population for recent decades has made lots of public schools unexceptionall much smaller by school number and students' number. Nearly five thousands of rural small schools have already been abolished and the rest are also endangered to be dosed. In order to tackIe such problem, the Government has been trying to provide rural students with better educational environment, but failed to attract them to stay in rural schools. Most of rural school students have poorer family environment, underprivilged school learning environment, and less civilized community environment. Those normal parents living in rural areas are likely to send their kids to urban schools for prior opportunities to enter better quality of higher level of schools and then the remained attending rural schools are those who live with grand parents or whose parents are very disadvantaged. The rural school teachers are teaching much less number of students compared to urban teachers, but their students are less achieved learners. Notwithstanding their abudant natural community learning environments, the rural school students are less making use of those resources and less benefited from more civilized life due to their underdeveloped community conditions. In order to improve such educational environments, incentives for young couples to safely reside in rural communities, incentives for better qualified teachers to preferably work for rural schools, better learning facilities for rural school students and for better vocational experiences, lifelong learning opportunities for all community people, and increased public support to rural development for rural people not to worry about their rural lives, need to be guarantyed.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2000

This study purposes to analyse what games are played and what play-songs are sung among Chinese primary and middle school children of immigrants who emigrated from Korea to 延邊 about 50 years ago. Questionnaire survey, asking about the kinds of games, play-materials, the origins of the games, and the contents of play-songs, was conducted on 50 5th-grade-children and 50 middle school students. The results are as follows: The primary school children have enjoyed physical play. While playing, they sang the songs which they learned from their mother, grand parents, siblings, and teachers. The middle school children tend to play alone more than the primary ones, watching videos and listening to music. Especially they enjoy the popular songs of South Korea. This phenomena reflects the cultural change of the communist society which is struggling to transform its system to open market system.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.621-629
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 서울대공원 동물원에서 실시되고 있는 5개 해설프로그램의 만족도와 인식변화를 참가자 설문을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과 프로그램의 전체 만족도는 높았으나, 이 중 참가자 태도에서 상대적으로 낮은 만족도를 보였으며 학부모가 안전성 측면에서 우려하는 정도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 각 프로그램 간 만족도는 프로그램별로 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었으나 내용만족도에 있어서는 차이가 없었다. 마지막으로 각각의 동물해설 프로그램은 다소의 차이는 있으나 동물원에 대한 긍정적 인식변화에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 동물원의 환경해설 프로그램은 동물원에 대한 정보를 보다 효과적으로 전달할 수 있는 매개로 작용하는 것을 확인하였으며, 동물원의 기능이 단순한 전시기능이 아닌 교육과 연구 등 다양하게 이루어지고 있다는 것을 통해 관심 또한 증대시킬 수 있는 효과적인 수단으로 작용하는 것으로 판단되었다. 이에 동물원 환경해설 프로그램을 보다 활성화 시킬 필요성이 있었다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.45-68
• /
• 2005

The political activity of women is relatively low. This is mainly because of the social-cultural attitude that confines women's role to housewives, rather than the structural problems that are related to political activities itself. This study has attempted to enhance the political activities of women by examining and providing the practical informations related to the hardships that are experienced by women who are pursuing a career both as a politician as well as a housewife. The sample of this study consisted of women who are assuming chief executives positions in organizations that are related to political activity, including local representatives of the national assembly. A case study was conducted by interviewing 8 female politicians. The contents of the study mostly consists of the personal situations (related to house lives) of these women. Semi-structured questionnaires were used, and the interview was conducted several times. First, the political careers of these women tended to start passively, rather than voluntarily. Second, the negative attitudes that were initially displayed by the family members and close relatives had changed positively through out the course of time. Close relatives, parents/parents-in-law were likely to become helpers of child care and household labor. The husband was likely to be a supporter of the wife's political career, and the children started to understand the roles of their mother as they grew up. Third, the female politicians perceived that the main impediments of women pursuing political careers were the sexually discriminating culture, rather than their own ability. Fourth, the fact that these women had to spend a lot of time outside the house has worsened the role conflict and difficulties of these women who are required to assume dual-roles. Furthermore, the difficulties that are faced publicly and privately has increased the psychological burdens of these women, since politicians, in general, are people who need to maintain their public image.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2000

The purposes of this study were to identify the adolescent’s perception to grandparent’s clothing behavior, the effect of grandparent’s clothing behavior on the attitudes toward their grand parents, and the variables related to the adolescent’s attitudes toward their grandparent affecting grandparent’s clothing behavior. The results of this study may provide the foundations for the continuing family educational material to promote the grandparent-grandchildren relationship. Questionnaires were distributed to middle and high school students in Chonbuk Province through school teachers from June 9th 18th. 1999. and 485 questionnaires were analysed. Frequencies percentages, factor analysis. Cronbach’s a. t-test, F-test. and Duncan’s Multiple Range test were used for data analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The adolescent’s perception level of grandparent’s clothing behavior was higher when grandparents were younger. healthier and wealthier. in separate living status. and in case of younger and more female adolescents. In case of separate living status. the adolescent’s perception level was higher when grandparent and adolescent contacted frequently. 2. The adolescent’s perception level of grandparent’s clothing behavior was favorable when their total attitude toward grandparent was positive, especially in economic, intellectual. personality, and family relation aspects. 3. The effects of the perception of grandparent’s clothing behavior on the adolescent attitude toward their grandparent were higher in case of grandmother. female adolescent. and separate living status, less educated. and in worse health status grandparent.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2005

This ethnography is on the passage ritual clothes in Incheon province. This ethnography invatigates in two villages of people who has same family name -Family 'Cheung' (from Young-il) in Yeonsoo-dong and Family 'Lee'(from Cheun-joo) in dongyang-dong- in August to December 2003. The object of examination is 80's and 70's old women who have lived and had lived up to recent in two villages. (grand mother Sung, Cho, Cheung and yoon) The clothes of passage ritual are Baenaeoht is the first clothes of the newborn baby(swaddling), A wedding ceremony clothe is the clothing for the coming-of-age ceremony, Honryebouk is the clothing for wedding, Sangbouk in the clothing for mourning, shroud is the clothing for the dead, sacrificial robes. The result of ethnogrphy is the passage ritual clothes in Incheon Province similar with other Provinces in aspect of the name and the form and wearing of the clothes. there are remarkable differences in making method from making by oneself to purchase(swaddling$\cdot$shroud), westernize(clothes for wedding and mourning), simplification (sacrificial) between ritual for their parents and their husband and children.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.93-105
• /
• 2002

This study was aimed at identifying on the state and knowledge toward smoking and passive smoking in middle school students. The data were collected from 6th. to 18th. August, 2001. Subject were 125 middle school students who were participated in the Smoking Cessation Program of S Health Agency in Busan. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program for frequency, percent, mean, and chi-square test. The smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the nurmber of the smoking students are 10(8.0 %) at present, 19(15.2 %) at past experience, 53(42.4 %) having at present smoking friends, 73(58.4 %) having at present smoking family. Also the smoking starting time of present or past smoking experience was the middle school; 12(9.6 %) and elementary school; 11(8.8 %). They started because of the peer group members; 12(9.6 %), curiosity; 8(6.4 %), and looking good; 7(5.6 %). The passive smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the number of the passive smoking aware rates are very well level; 71(56.8 %), well level; 54(43.2 %). The exposed experience to passive smoking was always; 38(30.4 %), sometimes; 86(68.8 %), not experience; 1(0.8 5). The place of exposure to passive smoking was game rooms; 67(53.6 %), house; 30(24.0 %), fast food place or cafeteria; 10(8.0 %), and street or in a vehicle ; 3(2.4 %). The main smoker to passive smoking exposure was unknown person; 61(48.8 %), grand parents or parents; 43(34.4 %), brothers or friends; 8(6.4 %), teachers; 4(3.2 %). The chief complant of passive smoking exposure was dyspnea; 36(28.8 %), coughing; 34(27.2 5), dizziness; 21(16.8 %), no symptom; 18(14.4 %). The mostly affected smoker to passive smoking exposure was parents; 52(41.6 %), brothers or friends; 48(38.4 %). The health affected perception to passive smoking exposure was very affected; 109(87.2 %), not affected; 3(2.4 %). In conclusion, it can be well recognized that considerable number of middle school students is exposed to the passive smoking in their homes and by unknown persons, but, their knowledge and attitude toward the exposure to passive smoking is not effective. Therefore, it is hoped that regular smoking education program at school and restriction campaign in home and the public place is necessary.

• 한국산림휴양학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 도시숲을 활용한 주말 회기형 산림치유 프로그램이 가족 응집력과 가족관계 향상에 미치는 효과와 프로그램에 대한 부모의 만족도를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 2018년 4월부터 8월까지 인천대공원에서 진행되는 주말 산림치유 프로그램에 참가한 가족 21팀(65명)을 대상으로 하였고, 주1회 2시간씩 총 4회 8시간으로 가족 숲체험 활동과 산림치유요법을 활용한 프로그램을 새롭게 구성하여 실행하였다. 연구결과 주말 가족대상 산림치유 프로그램은 가족응집력 및 가족관계 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 주었으며, 부모의 만족도 분석 결과 대부분의 항목에서 높은 만족도를 보였다. 따라서 산림치유활동은 가족의 응집력 및 가족관계를 개선함으로써 가족의 결속이나 정서적 유대와 같은 기능이 중요하게 인식되는 현대사회에 효과적인 치유활동으로 적합하다는 결론을 도출하였다. 추후 연구에서는 다양한 형태의 가족을 대상으로 확대 시행하며, 가족의 요구를 반영한 다양하고 흥미로운 가족체험 산림치유 프로그램 개발이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.