• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2021

This study aims to examine the causal links between the fiscal components, i.e., government expenditures (GE) and government revenues (GR), and their impact on the economic growth of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. This analysis considered secondary panel data from 1990 to 2019 at an annual frequency. The data is obtained from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank Database. A panel cointegration and panel DH causality (Dumitrescu and Hurlin) approach was employed on financial data at an annual frequency from 1990 to 2019. The findings from panel unit root and panel cointegration tests demonstrate that, at first, all the variables are stationary and cointegrated. The panel ARDL disclosed that GE has a long-run connection with GDP, is significantly and positively associated with economic growth in the long run, whereas GR is significant in the short run. The contribution of GE is high in sustaining economic growth as compared to GR. Also, cointegration regression disclosed that GE is more sensitive toward GDP, while GR is less elastic. Lastly, the findings reveal that bidirectional causality exists between GE and GR variables. These results have policy implications for sustainable economic growth in the ASEAN region.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2022

The aim of this study is to see how government spending on education, health, and social security affects ratios in Indonesia. The third sector has a critical role to play in reducing the dependency ratio. It also aims to lower unemployment and poverty rates. This study uses the GMM panel data model. This model can determine the dynamic response of the ratio that comes from a number of variables. This study uses data from 33 provinces from 2010 to 2018. The results show that government spending in the education and health sectors has a positive effect on the dependency ratio, both in the short and long term. Social security has a significant effect on the dependency ratio in the long term, but not in the short term. Government spending in the education sector and health sector and social security sector have a positive and significant effect on disease and illness. The study's findings show a high level of poverty with a large standard deviation. The high ratio value is due to the large number of restrictions placed on a number of regions. Each province has made a significant contribution to overcoming these challenges, particularly in terms of the comparative ratio.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.325-332
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• 2022

The aim of this research is to use a conceptual model to experimentally evaluate the mediating impact of government financial and training support on structural social capital and non-financial performance of family farms. Questionnaires were used to collect data from family farms in Guangxi, China, from August 25^th to September 8^th, 2021. There were 759 valid responses, accounting for 94.99 percent of the total number of respondents. The scales' reliability and validity, and the research's mediating effects and hypotheses, are tested using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 26.0. The findings suggest that the impact of government financial assistance on family farms' non-financial performance cannot be substantiated. The intermediary chain connection of financial and training support, on the other hand, has a significant mediating effect between structural social capital and family farm non-financial performance. Direct financial assistance could be thought to encourage family farms to rely too much on funding, making them less competitive in market competition, innovation, and long-term operations. According to the conclusions of the study, government assistance to family farms could take a variety of forms, including providing diversified skills training programs in farming practices, managerial skills, and other areas.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.11-22
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• 2018

The Social Economy including social enterprise is solving various social problems of our society by innovative business Nevertheless, social economic companies have limited investment ingrowth due to insufficient capital. There are various attempts to solve the limit of capital investment by social finance. Social iImpact bonds that introduced performance-based compensation into financial system is recognized as a new means of procuring that capital lacks. 89 social impact bonds were issued in 19 countries around the world. )f the 22 social impact bonds reporting performance, 21 bonds report positive performance. The twelve bonds paid incentives to investors. It can be said that the government provides incentives to review the issuance of social impact bonds at the government level, which is difficult to expand the social welfare budget. This study confirmed the performance of the social impact bonds and confirmed the possibility of introducing it in korea. There is a limit to continuously increasing the government's social expenditure to meet demand. Therefore, in order to support the growth of social economy based on private investment, the issuing of social impact bonds should create a virtuous circle of social financial market.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.23
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• pp.263-301
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• 1992

In recent years, Korean public libraries, placed under changing circumstances, require that some new and positive financial policies be formulated for the improvement of their services. T he purpose of this study is to propose a scheme to ensure the revenues of Korean public libraries. The main contents of this study are as follows : (1) Public finance theory is applied to the question of why the public library is publicly supported. The public library does not contribute to stabilization, but it does playa role in each of the other public sector functions : allocation of resources and redistribution of income. In public finance terms there is justification for at least partial subsidy of public library services, which have the attributes of public goods, merit goods and externalities. (2) Public libraries in Korea find themselves suffering from limited budgets. They are neglected in national and local budgets. The lack of adequate funding for library collections prevents libraries from rendering efficient services. (3) In order to put the finances of the Korean public library system on a firm basis, the following proposals are made: 1) It is proposed that the parallel administration under which public libraries are organized be unified to be directly under the local governments. 2) It is proposed that the legislative and administrative system for public library finance be strengthened. (1) Library expenses should be itemized independently in the calculation of general grants-in-aid to local governments. (2) A fixed portion of the total municipal revenue should be appropriated for public library services. It can be executed by making provisions expressly in the annual guidelines for budgeting, municipal ordinances, or in the Library Promotion Law. The rate of allocation should be specified as a part of the national public library development plan. (3) Library tax as a local tax can be imposed. An indirect tax is preferable in order to avoid public misunderstanding and antagonism. 3) The augmentation of the specific grants-in-aid for the public library is proposed. The Library Promotion Law and the Law on Budget and Administration of Grants should be amended to oblige the central government to give financial assistance to local public libraries. 4) It is proposed that strategies to encourage private endowments be worked out. Revision of the Law on Tax Reduction and Exemption and the activation of an advisory library committee at each public library are recommended. 5) Funding and utilization of the envisioned Library Promotion Foundation is proposed. Government contributions, contributions from the Culture and Arts Foundation, and donations from individuals, corporations, and enterprises can be considered as the financial resources of the Foundation. 6) It is proposed that the structure of the Korean Library Association be consolidated to exercise greater influence over the formation of national policy on the public library system. 7) It is proposed as an ultimate guarantee of the health of the public libraries that the citizenry be educated to strongly support library services in responce to the active services provided by the public libraries.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.152-160
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• 2007

Recently, the government is very active to secure the financial resources by inducement of the private investment in fulfilling an extension of the SOC facilities. One of the reasons that the private investors hesitate to put money into the private finance projects, however, is the lack of knowledges about various risks to be possibly incurred during the project execution. This research was performed as one of the preparation works in order for a A engineering company to act as a prime contractor of the project management service in the private finance project, and finally developed the risk factor dictionary as a new concept to satisfy the requirement of a A company and overcome a limit of the existing risk checklists. Although the risk factor dictionary looks like the only simplified table to be the risk factors identified in three dimensions, the impacts and response strategies expressed in narrative and multi-items, and the responsible parties indicated, it has great meanings to get a lot of direct and indirect accomplishments over the simplified table during the development process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.26-31
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• 2000

It is said that the focus of managing venture business is currently moving from technology competition to management competition. By the way, the software venture business(SVB) has some weak points in its structural composition and itematization and no professional personnel in other several sections except technology development section. In addition, such basic functions as technology and R & D, finance and accounting, marketing required to the management of business are concentrated on only one man, its representative director. Therefore, this study aims to provide the basic data useful to the establishment of governmental policy in information and communication, to the rearing of the SVB by a local government related to the software, and to the administration of SVB by investigating the actual conditions. This study attempts to examine the literature on venture business and software industry, and its management with a questionnaire about the actual conditions of managing the SVB. The questionnaire is given to 527 local enterprises belonging to the Software Industry Association and to 171 enterprises in the Software Center. This study compromises the characteristics of the SVB, the actual conditions of its technology and R & D, finance and accounting, and marketing. The characteristics of the SVB are classified into categories such as the stage of its growth(the stage of its seed and start-up, the stage of tis development and growth, the stage of its stability and maturity) and the main business(the system integration, the software development for contract, the package software development service, the software-related service). Additionally, the study attempts to analyze positively the actual condition of its management after classified by the areas of business profile, its general management, its technology development, its finance and accounting, and its marketing The result of this study is found that the SVB has a lot of troubles in part of marketing and finance & accounting activity as well as general management. The SVB realizes the importance of the technology development rather than that of management activity including marketing activity. So we expect this study can assist the SVB to establish the business guidelines for own management plans.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.445-454
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• 2011

According to financial hub related law of government, new financial hub in Busan will be differentiated from existing other financial hubs by reflecting regional characteristics as financial cluster and by connecting with business hub. Based on an ongoing busan international finance center in Munhyun innovation city. this study is focused on suggesting development methodes for international competitiveness of Busan international finance center considering of maritime-specialization connecting with citizen park and busan north port renewal districts. through the financial hub concept, types, be valid conditons, competitiveness and international case studies over the analysis of development conditions and a development plans for developing fosterage-programs suppementary and strategy, guidelines of physical developmentde direction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 2005

In Korea, about 60 percent of railroad accidents are associated with highway-rail grade crossings numbering 1,657 nationwide, which the railroad system operates. To reduce the number of accidents, the authority formulated methods to improve or eliminate grade crossings. However, the improvement programs have made progress in slow time due to the institute inertia and the lack of funds from the municipal government, which shares the cost of improvement of grade crossings. Thus, this study analyses the institute system of the grade crossings, proposes modifications, and suggests financing methods to improve the grade crossings and to lower the number of accidents. Presently, the grade crossings safety perspective is directed towards road conditions and so a new perspective, which includes safety from the train perspective and to finance in review of railway system and to allocate the cost between the central government and the municipal governments. is discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2014

New technologies and techniques to extract natural gas and gas liquids, as well as petroleum, from shale rock have greatly altered expectations for North America's capacity to produce energy products. As a result of innovations such as hydraulic fracturing, some government, industry, and academic observers have predicted that the United States will soon become energy self-sufficient and possibly become a net exporter of natural gas and petroleum. This paper will cover literature review and measure the potential impacts on economic growth and development. Fracking, renewable energy are just a few of the things that have reshaped the energy picture over the past 20 years, how much it will change in the next 20 years and the impacts on the economy will be discussed.