• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.836-842
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• 1999

연구배경: 폐활량 검사 상 폐쇄성과 제한성 환기 장애가 혼합되어 있으면 혼합성 환기 장애라고 하는데, 폐활량 검사상에는 혼합성 장애를 보일지라도 실제 폐쇄성 장애만 있고 제한성 장애가 없는 경우가 있다. 따라서, 폐활량 검사 상 혼합성 환기 장애를 보이는 환자 중 실제로 제한성 장애를 동반하는 경우는 얼마나 되는지 그리고, 실제로 제한성 장애를 동반하는 빈도가 질병에 따라 다른지 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방 법: 1998년 8월 1일부터 1999년 7월 31일까지 부천 세종병원에서 폐활량 및 폐용적 검사를 같은 날 측정한 413 명을 대상으로 하였다. 폐활량 검사 상, '$FEV_1/FVC$<70%(단, 나이$\geq$60 이면 65%가 기준)'이고 'FVC<80% 추정 정상치'인 경우를 혼합성 환기 장애로 해석하였다. 질소 세척법으로 측정한 TLC를 제한성 장애 진단의 표준 진단법(gold standard)으로 이용하였고 'TLC<80% 추정 정상치'인 경우 제한성 장애가 있다고 진단하였다. 결 과: 분석이 가능하였던 404명 중 폐활량 검사상 혼합성 환기 장애 소견을 보인 환자는 58명(14%)이었다. 이들 58명의 질병은 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 22명(38%), 천식 11 명(19%), 기관지 확장증 6명(10%) 등 기도 질환이 있는 경우가 39명이었고 폐결핵 후유증 15명(26%), 기타 4명(7%)이었다. 폐활량 검사상 혼합성 환기 장애를 보인 58명중 TLC에 의해서 실제로 제한성 장애가 있음이 확인된 경우는 31%(18명)뿐이었다. 그리고, 이들 58명중에서 천식, 기관지 확장증, 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 등의 기도 질환이 환자와 폐결핵 후유증 환자를 비교하였을 때, TLC에 의해서 실제로 제한성 장애가 있음이 확인된 환자는 각각 20.5%(8/39명), 53.3%(8/15명)로서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 결 론: 폐활량 검사상, 혼합성 환기 장애를 보여도 실제로는 제한성 환기 장애는 없고 단지 폐쇄성 환기 장애만 있는 경우가 많고, 특히 기도 질환 환자의 경우 더욱 그렇다. 따라서, 폐활량 검사상 혼합성 환기 장애를 보이는 경우 실제로 제한성 장애가 있는지를 판단하려면 추가로 폐용적 검사 등을 시행하는 것이 좋겠다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1999

Monoclonal antibody for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabiol (THC Ab), conjugated with protein A-gold, was employed as a probe to detect THC localization in the gland and subjacent cells of chemically fixed bracts of Cannabis. THC was detected in the outer wall of the disc cells, fibrillar matrix, the surface feature of secretory vesicles, and sheath throughout development of the secretory cavity. The probe was absent from vesicles. Label was also present in anticlinal walls of disc cells and walls of dermal and mesophyll cells. Little or no THC Ab was present in disc cells and none were detected in control tissues. This distribution pattern of THC Ab was similar to that in tissues prepared by high pressure cryofixation-cryosubstitution. Consistent association of THC with wall and wall-derived materials suggests that cannnabinoids are synthesized outside the plasma membrane and bound to a wall component, where-upon they are transported to the cavity with wall materials released from the disc cell wall during development of the secretory cavity.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1539-1542
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• 2005

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed by the adsorption of alkanethiols, $HS(CH_2)_nX$, where X is an organic functional group, onto gold surfaces have attracted widespread interest as templates for the fabrication of molecular and biomolecular microstructures. Previously photopatterning has been thought of as being restricted to the micron scale, because of the wellknown diffraction limit. So, we have explored a novel approach to nanofabrication by utilizing a femtosecond laser coupled to a near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM).

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.123-126
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• 1996

The pattern of seed storage protein, vicilin, deposition and site of intracellular localization was examined in cotyledon cells of pea (Pisum sativum) seed using the immunocytochemical methods. The vicilin was confined to the cisternae fo the rough endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosome as well as protein granules newly formed in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Vacuolar protein deposites and protein bodies were also labelled by gold particles. After small protein bodies were formed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, they were transported to large protein bodies and then fused together. Electron dense protein granule, elaborated in the dictyosome, appears to be transported from dictyosome to protein body. A few unlabelled protein granules seem to be accumulated in other type of proteins than vicilin.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1996

Immunocytochemistry utilizes the specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction to localize specific antigens in cells or cellular organelles. Here we report the use of monoclonal antibodies, in conjunction with gold-labeled second antibodies to study the ultrastructural localization and tissue distribution of the Mr 98, 000 anionic peroxidase and other wall antigens. The antibody specific for this wall peroxidase, mWP3, labeled mainly the cell wall area. At the tissue level, the Mr 98, 000 peroxidase is located predominantly in the leaf mesophyll, internal coleoptile and sieve elements, but not in the root, as assayed with these procedures. The coleoptile walls were less heavily stained than the walls of leaf mesophyll cells. At the subcellular level, it is localized mainly in intercellular regions of the cell walls. A similar staining pattern was revealed by mWP19, one of anti-$\beta$ glucosidase antibody, though it looked less heavily stained than one with mWP3. In order to serve as a control wall staining using IgM monoclonal antibodies, mWP18 was used. Most of the label is localized over wall regions of cells of the young leaf mesophyll and coleoptile.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.290-291
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• 2008

The most popular speech feature used in speech recognition today is the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) algorithm, which could reflect the perception characteristics of the human ear more accurately than other parameters. This paper adopts MFCC and its first order difference, which could reflect the dynamic character of speech signal, as synthetical parametric representation. Furthermore, we quote Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm to search match paths in the pattern recognition process. We use the software "GoldWave" to record English digitals in the lab environments and the simulation results indicate the algorithm has higher recognition accuracy than others using LPCC, etc. as character parameters in the experiment for Digital Isolated Word Recognition (DIWR) system.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.1020-1022
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• 1998

Silicon membrane to be used for micropump is fabricated and the deflection of the membrane driven by the electromagnetic force is measured. Silicon and glass are anodic bonded and Si is thinned. Silicon membrane is fabricated by the glass etching. The gold pattern can be protected against HF by the washing and fixing process under the glass etching process. The electromagnetic force is gained by the magnetic field driven by the current flowing through two coils. Deflection of the silicon membrane has a tendency of increasing with the increase of the driving current.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1981

The object of this study lies in reviewing of the western costume history in the light of the negative regulations concerning costumes and adornments. Readings related with the subject lead to the following findings; 1. the principal purpose of the sumptuary laws has relationship with the social stratification of the feudalism and the frequency of their occurrence is related with the formation of feudal system, its decline, the appearance of imperial regimes and the start of civil revolutions. 2. Sumptuary regulations spread westward with the flow of civilization, eg., in the sequence of Italy, swiss, France, Britain and new world. 3. Sumptuary laws are also found in abundance in the english colonies of America, and their object seems to be rather of the moral concern than class distinction of economical restriction.4. The reviewed sumptuary regulations are concerned with : A. Material gold or silver clothes, silks, ermine, marten or miniver furs, velvets, laces and embroies. B. Colors-Purple, scarlet and red. Other colors do not show consistent pattern of color-status symbol; C. Form-Length and width of headdresses, shoes, collars, trains or hoops. E. numbers of dresses allowed to be worn.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1413-1421
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• 2016

In this paper graphical exploratory data analyses are proposed for ball games in sports. The plot of sequence of scoring points of each team can be used to see how the playing game has been processed until the end of each set or quarter. With the plot of sequential score differences through all the games we can see a dominance of each team and the times of score changes, i.e., turnovers. The ternary plots show the contours of scoring compositions for each player and enable us to compare the scoring patterns of each team if any. Using the score sequence plot we also can see the score pattern distribution of players. For demonstration we use the results of the gold medal match between Russia and Brazil for men's volleyball and between USA and Spain for men's basketball at the London 2012 Summer Olympics.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권23호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2002

Gilt bronze locks(Treasure No. 1141) excavated from Hancheonsa temple are artifacts of Goryeo Dynasty. The locks underwent a conservation process from October 2001 to July 2002. The process included cleaning and the application of corrosion inhibitors, Benzotriazolesolution, as well as reinforcement treatment with Paraloid NAD-10 solution,an acrylic resin. Non-destructive XRF analysis unveil that the artifacts are made of an alloy of copper(Cu), tin(Sn) and lead(Pb), but the gilt layer is too thin to analyze the purity of the gold or the exact production method. Gilt bronze locks are important materials because they preserve all the structures of locks in Goryeo Dynasty to the smallest detail. The surface pattern is revealed through the conservation process and components of the alloy through material analysis.