• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2002

Adrenal glucocorticoids, secreted by the stimulus of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), are catabolic hormones in the pig. The present study was conducted to find whether active immunization against ACTH would suppress cortisol secretion accompanied by an increased growth rate in growing-finishing barrows. ACTH was conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin or human histone using glutaraldehyde or 3-maleimidobenzoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide, under a 2 (ACTH vs no hapten)${\times}$2 (carrier)${\times}$2 (crosslinker) factorial arrangement of treatments. Cross-bred barrows weighing approximately 25 kg were injected with an ACTHcarrier or carrier only conjugate every 4th wk and slaughtered at approximately 110 kg body weight. Antibodies against ACTH were detected in serum, as determined by $[^{125}I]$ACTH-binding activity, in most animals immunized against the ACTH conjugate, but not in carrier only-injected animals, except for the animals which had received the hapten conjugated to histone via glutaraldehyde. The $[^{125}I]$ACTH-binding activity of serum increased after the second booster injection, but overall ACTH antibody titer was very low. Main effect was not detected not only for the carrier and crosslinker but for the hapten in serum cortisol concentration, ADG, loin muscle area, backfat thickness and longissimus muscle composition including fat and protein. In addition, bound $[^{125}I]$ACTH percentage had no relation to cortisol concentration or to any of the above growth-related variables. Results suggest that ACTH or its conjugates used in the present study were not immunogenically potent enough to affect the glucocorticoid secretion and thus the growth of the immunized pigs.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2008

마이크로캡슐은 다양한 기능성 물질의 약물 전달 시스템으로서 화장품과 제약 분야에서 널리 적용되고 있다. 키토산은 천연에 풍부하게 존재하는 생체고분자로 생체적합성이 우수하며 무독성이다. 본 연구에서는 키토산 마이크로캡슐을 글루타르알데히드를 가교제로 사용하여 W/O 형태의 유화법으로 제조하였다. 유화제로는 span80을 사용하였으며 가교가 시행되는 bath상의 물질은 mineral oil을 사용하였다. 제조된 키토산 마이크로캡슐은 완벽한 구의 형태로 평균 $2{\sim}10{\mu}m$ 크기를 보였으며, 교반속도와 유화제의 농도에 따른 캡슐의 직경 및 형태 변화를 관찰하였다. 마이크로캡슐의 방출실험을 하기 위하여 가교제, 키토산, 그리고 유화제의 양을 변화시키면서 방출 속도를 측정하였다. Riboflavin의 방출속도는 키토산의 가교 정도와 사용한 유화제의 양에 따라 크게 변하였다.

• 분석과학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 1992

pH-ISFET와 glucose oxidase막으로 구성되어 있는 포도당센서를 제조하고, 그 감응특성을 조사하였다. pH-ISFET 포도당센서는 pH-ISFET의 gate 위에 glutaraldehyde로서 bovine serum albumin과 glucose oxidase를 고정화시켜서 제작하였다. pH-ISFET 포도당센서의 감응에 미치는 완충용액의 pH 및 농도와 효소의 양의 영향에 대하여 조사였다. 합성생리염수(pH 7.4)로 만든 포도당용액에 대한 감응특성은 다음과 같다. 곧, 직선감응농도 범위, 감응기울기(감도) 및 감응시간은 각각 $1.0{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}6.0{\times}10^{-3}M$, 4.1 mV/decade 및 12~15분이다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.864-871
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• 1992

pH-ISFET와 urease막으로 이루어져 있는 요소센서를 제조하고, 그 감응특성을 조사하였다. pH-ISFET 요소센서는 pH-ISFET의 게이트 위에 glutaraldehyde로 BSA와 urease를 고정화시켜서 제작하였다. pH-ISFET 요소센서의 감응에 미치는 완충용액의 pH 및 농도와 효소의 양의 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 합성생리염수(pH 7.4)로 만든 요소용액에 대한 감응 특성은 다음과 같다. 곧 직선감응농도범위, 감응기울기(감도) 및 감응시간은 각각 5.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-4}$ ${\sim}$ 5.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-2}$M, 31.6 mV/decade 및 4${\sim}$10분이다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2013

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)에 대하여 가교제로써 glutaraldehyde (GA), maleic anhydride (MA)를 이용하여 제조한 코팅용액을 알칼리로 가수분해 시킨 poly acrylonitrile (PAN) 중공사 막표면에 코팅하여 막을 제조하였다. 제조된 막의 투과특성평가를 위해서 물/에탄올 혼합액에 대한 투과증발 실험을 수행하였다. $60^{\circ}C$의 90 wt%의 물/에탄올 혼합액에 대하여 반응온도 및 가교제의 농도변화에 따른 투과도 및 선택도를 측정하였다. 일반적으로 반응온도, 가교제 농도가 증가할 경우 투과도는 낮아지고, 선택도는 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다. 가교제로 GA의 대표적 결과는 반응온도 $120^{\circ}C$, GA 11 wt%로 투과도는 $165g/m^2hr$ 선택도는 81이고, MA는 반응온도 $120^{\circ}C$, MA 11 wt%로 투과도는 $174g/m^2hr$ 선택도는 73의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 1991

Dextromethorphan HBr (DMP HBr) ion exchange albumin microcapsules were prepared by the interfacial polymerization method. The incorporation of drugs in empty albumin microcapsules was more increased in case of glutaraldehyde (GA) and formaldehyde (FA) than terephthaloyl chloride (TC) as a cross linking agent. The amount of DMP HBr incorporated into empty albumin micorcapsules was augemented with increasing DMP HBr concentration and the amount of empty microcapsules in the incorporation medium. Increasing the salt concentration in the release medium, the release rate and the DMP HBr amount released from microcapsules were increased. The release rates of DMP HBr from microcapsules retarded considerably compared with DMP HBr powder.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2019

A novel composite membrane was synthesized using crosslinked polyamide and fly ash ceramic substrate for phenol removal. Glutaraldehyde was used as crosslinker. Characterization shows that synthesized membrane possesses good permeability ($0.184l.m^{-2}.h^{-1}.kPa^{-1}$), MWCO (1.7 kDa), average pore size (1.08 nm) and good chemical stability. RSM was adopted for phenol removal studies. Box-Behnken-Design using quadratic model was chosen for three operating parameters (feed phenol concentration, pH and applied pressure) against two responses (phenol removal, flux). ANOVA shows that model is statistically valid with high coefficient of determination ($R^2$)value for flux (0.9897) and phenol removal (0.9302). The optimum conditions are obtained as pH 2, $46mg.l^{-1}$ (feed phenol concentration) and 483 kPa (applied pressure) with 92.3% phenol removal and $9.2l.m^{-2}.h^{-1}$ flux. Data validation with deviation of 4% confirms the suitability of model. Obtained results reveal that prepared composite membrane can efficiently separate phenol from aqueous solution.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1996

에탄올 생산 효모균주인 Saccharomyces K35의 에탄올 생산을 위한 최적의 초기 pH는 5.0으로 나 타났으며, 기질로 200g/$\ell$ 의 glucose를 이 용했을때 약 80%의 수율을 나타내어 내당성도 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 첨가제와 가교제로서 Celite R-634 1.67 %(v/v) 와 glutaraldehyde 1.67% (v/v) 를 함께 첨가했을때(ACG bead) Ca-alginate bead에 비해 안정성, 에탄올 생산성 빛 세포생존률이 좋게 나타 났다. 또한 배지밖에서 자란 효모 농도도 감소하여 A A CG bead가 Ca-alginate bead보다 phosphate이 온에 더 안정한 것으로 보인다. SEM (Scanning E Electron Microscopy)을 통해 ACG gel bead의 구조를 관찰하였는데 , ACG bead가 Ca~alginate bead에 비해 훨씬 온전한 모습을 유지하며, 효모의 농도가 상당히 밀집되어 있음을 보여준다. 반복회분 식 배양을 시도했을때 Ca-alginate bead의 경우는 7회분(약 40일)까지는 에탄올 놓도와 효모농도가 각각 138g/$\ell$-gel와 29~30g/$\ell$-gel을 유지하다가 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, ACG bead의 경 우에는 130~150g/$\ell$-gel와 32~35g/$\ell$-gel의 수준을 유지하였으며, 세포생존률도 약 70% 이상을 유지하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.582-587
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• 2009

Immobilized cells of Arthrohacter nitroguajacolicus ZJUTB06-99 capable of producing nitrilase were used for biotransformation of acrylonitrile to acrylic acid. Six different entrapment matrixes were chosen to search for a suitable support in terms of nitrilase activity. Ca-alginate proved to be more advantageous over other counterparts in improvement of the biocatalyst activity and bead mechanical strength. The effects of sodium alginate concentration, $CaCl_2$ concentration, bead diameter, and ratio by weight of cells to alginate, on biosynthesis of acrylic acid by immobilized cells were investigated. Maximum activity was obtained under the conditions of 1.5% sodium alginate concentration, 3.0% $CaCl_2$ concentration, and 2-mm bead size. The beads coated with 0.10% polyethylenimine (PEI) and 0.75% glutaraldehyde (GA) could tolerate more phosphate and decrease leakage amounts of cells from the gel. The beads treated with PEI/GA could be reused up to 20 batches without obvious decrease in activities, which increased about 100% compared with the untreated beads with a longevity of 11 batches.

• 약학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.625-631
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• 1996

The $H^+$-selective membrane consists of tridodecylamine, 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether and a little amount of additive in carboxylated PVC matrix, where penicillinase(Pcase ) and glutaraldehyde may be covalently attached to the matrix. When the $H^+$-selective electrode was used as a detector of biosensor, calibration curve calculated from Nernst equation was not linear. So we investigated the characteristic responses of the $H^+$-selective electrode to the product H+ from hydrolysis of penicillin-G(Pc-G) and plotted calibration curve correlating potential to concentration of Pc-G linearly. The optimal concentration of buffer solution was theoretically calculated and was also experimented. We tried to explain the linear curve of potential to concentration of Pc-G by using Henderson-Hasselbach equation. This method is more effective in calibration curve plotting than any other previous methods. The results obtained may help in further developing pH electrodes with improved analytical preformance.