• 식물병연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.399-401
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• 2012

발아현미 가공용 친환경 원료곡 생산에 적합한 벼 품종을 선발하기 위하여 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원에서 개발된 주요 벼 품종을 친환경 재배단지(전남 곡성군)에서 3년간(2009-2011년) 유기재배를 실시하여 병해 및 수량 변화를 조사하였다. 삼광벼에서 벼 잎집무늬마름병과 도열병의 발병률은 대조구인 추청벼의 경우 보다 높게 나타났으나 고시히까리 보다는 현저히 낮게 발병하였다 또한 수확량은 추청벼, 고시히까리 보다 높게 나타났다. 특수미로 선발된 큰눈벼, 하이아미는 대조구인 추청벼, 고시히까리와 비슷한 발병률과 수확량을 보였다. 결론적으로 삼광벼, 큰눈벼, 하이아미는 곡성지방에서 친환경 재배를 하였을 경우 발병률 및 수량변동이 크게 변하지 않을 것으로 생각되며 특히 발아현미 원료곡으로 친환경 유기재배에 적합한 벼 품종으로서 선발 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2015

선식은 웰빙식, 건강식으로 아시아인들에게는 인기있는 식품이지만 외국인들에게는 생소한 식품이다. 이에 본 연구는 외국인들의 선호도를 높이기 위하여 선식을 스무디 형태로 제조하고, 그의 특성을 연구하였다. 효소활성을 지니는 선식 제조를 위해서 흑미와 현미는 발아시켜 사용하였는데, 실온에서 24시간 침지시킨 후, 24시간 $30^{\circ}C$에서 발아시켰다. 알파아밀라아제 효소역가는 발아 전후로 약 13~15배 증가하였다. 현미는 발아 전 9.16 CU/g에서 152.63 CU/g로 증가하였고, 흑미는 7.47 CU/g에서 97.96 CU/g으로 증가하였다. 또한 발아현미분말을 엿기름으로 당화시킨 후, 토마토 30 g과 미강 1.5 g을 첨가하여 유산균을 배양하였다. 이때의 최고균체농도가 $1.1{\times}10^9CFU/ml$ 이었고, 이를 동결건조하여 선식에 첨가하였다. 선식음료제조 후 농도가 $1.3{\times}10^5CFU/ml$로 요구르트 스무디 제조를 위한 스타터 농도로 충분하였다. 이를 이용하여 배양한다면, 선식 요구르트 스무디를 제조가 가능하다. 관능평가결과, 선식 음료의 최적 조건으로는 우유 200 ml에 선식 30 g를 혼합한 것을 가장 선호하였다. 이때의 색도는 L 값 : $63.50{\pm}0.41$, a 값 : $-0.35{\pm}0.06$, b 값 : $8.85{\pm}0.19$로 나타났고, 점도는 $5.97{\pm}1.2$ centipoise 이었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.332-340
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop an optimal composite recipe for nutritional cookies containing beet powder. Flour was substituted with whole wheat flour containing germinated brown rice powder. The sensory optimal composite recipe was determined by making cookies containing two levels of beet powder (A) or butter (B) according to Central Composite Design (CCD) and by conducting the sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis according to Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Using CCD, the results of physical measurement for ten conditions with two variables were obtained. The values of lightness (L), redness (a), and yellowness (b) were in the range of 36.65~49.03, 22.15~29.31, and 13.96~19.34, respectively. Lightness decreased significantly (P<0.001) and redness increased significantly (P<0.01) upon an increase in beet powder. The results of sensory evaluation showed very significant values in color (P<0.05), texture (P<0.05), flavor (P<0.01), taste (P<0.05), and overall quality (P<0.05), whereas those of the instrumental analysis showed significant values in lightness (P<0.001), redness (P<0.01), spread ratio (P<0.01), and hardness (P<0.05). As a result, the optimal sensory ratio of beet cookie was calculated for beet powder 7.75 g and butter 77.88 g.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2018

Germinated brown rice (GBR, Orysa sartiva L.) has been reported to have anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects in adipocytes are not fully understood. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of GBR on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pretreated with GBR extracts (0-20 mg/mL) 1 h before LPS stimulation. The mRNA expression of adipokines and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were measured by RT-PCR. The protein expressions of TLR4-related molecules were detected by western blotting and nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ($NF-{\kappa}B$) activation was measured. Our results showed that GBR extract dose-dependently inhibited mRNA expression of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). GBR extract was found to inhibit LPS-induced mRNA expression of TLR4 and protein expression of both myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Furthermore, GBR extract significantly inhibited extracellular receptor-activated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. These results suggest that GBR extract has the anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammation via inhibition of TLR4 signaling, includingthe ERK and $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathways, in adipocytes.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.598-601
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• 2010

This experiment was performed to investigate whether the combined-preparation of water extracts of germinated brown rice (WGR), water extracts of cultured mountain ginseng (WCG) and 70% ethanol extracts of Longanae Arillus (ELA) has hypnotic effects and/or enhances pentobarbital-induced sleep behaviors through the GABAergic system. The combined-preparation of WGR and WCG reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep time induced by pentobarbital. ELA also reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep time induced by pentobarbital. However, WGR or WCG itself did not induce sleep. The combined-preparation of WGR, WCG and ELA strongly reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep time via chloride influx into primary cultured cerebellar granule cells. In conclusion, the combined-preparation of WGR, WCG and ELA augments pentobarbital-induced sleep behaviors through the modification of GABAergic system.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the physicochemical, sensory evaluation of Backsulgi changed with germinated brown rice flour(GBRF) at different ratio. Moisture content decreased gently during storage and the decrease was less in GBRF-added groups than the control group. The color L value decreased significantly by with increasing the GBRF, wherease the redness(a) and yellowness(b) were both increased. As the result of measurement with texture analyzer, hardness, gumminess, chewiness, adhesiveness and fracturability of Backsulgi tended to decrease in proportion to the amount of GBRF in the formula. The thermal properties of Backsulgi were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Onset temperature and peak temperature of gelatinizatino in thermal characteristics showed low in case of addition of GBRF into Backsulgi. All samples changed with GBRF had low values in change of melting enthalphy. In the sensory evaluation, Backsulgi with GBRF were superior in flavor, cohesiveness, hardness, chewiness and moistureness than that of control. And Backsulgi with 20% GBRF showed the highest score in overall acceptability. Therefore we concluded that the addition of GBRF on Backsulgi improve the sensory characteristics as well as delay the retrogradation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1806-1810
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• 2008

발아현미상황이 아토피피부염을 개선하는지를 알아보고자, 소아 한국인에서 경증과 증등증의 아토피피부염 환자 35명을 대상으로 발아현미상황버섯을 매일 $6{\sim}12\;g$씩 12주간 복용한 결과 홍반, 부종, 삼출, 찰상, 태선화, 건조 등이 모두 호전되어 SCORAD 지수의 현저한 감소를 보였으며, 가려움증도 치료 기간 동안 꾸준히 감소하였다. 또한 의사 및 환자의 임상 평가 개선율도 치료 기간 동안 계속 높아졌다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the effect of adding a 1, 3, or 5% solution of germinated brown rice concentrate (GBRC) to fermented kimchi. During fermentation, the concentration of free amino acids and essential amino acids increased with increasing concentrations of GBRC. In particular, higher levels of free amino acids were associated with a sweet taste compared with controls. The ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content of kimchi containing the 5% GBRC solution was 3 times higher than that of controls. The total phenolic compound content (130 mg%) did not change significantly in the control group, but increased in 10 mg% increments as the GBRC concentration rose from 1 to 3 to 5%. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and superoxide radical scavenging activity also increased with the GBRC concentration, with maximum activity during the ripe stage with GBRC measured at 79 to 82% compared with controls (30 to 71 %). The nitrite scavenging activity was 10% higher with GBRC compared with controls and was highest when the pH was 1.2. These results showed that the addition of GBRC is effective in improving the function of kimchi.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.567-572
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• 2010

본 연구는 발아현미와 고추첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 술을 초산발효 시켜 식초를 제조한 후 품질특성을 조사하였다. 초산발효는 고추첨가량을 달리한 발아현미 술을 알코올 농도 6%로 희석하여 초산균을 접종한 후 $30^{\circ}C$, 150 rpm의 속도로 진탕배양기에서 17일간 발효시켰으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. pH는 발효초기 4.27~4.41이었으며 발효가 진행되면서 감소하여 발효말기 pH 3.20~3.59를 나타내었으며, 총산은 발효초기 0.29~0.41%에서 발효가 진행되면서 계속적으로 증가하여 발효말기에 3.68~4.51%를 나타내었다. 초산 발효 후 색도는 L값(명도)은 48.72~76.54이고 a값(적색도)은 0.40~10.24이며 b값(황색도)은 17.86~35.11이었다. 검출된 주요한 향기성분은 ethyl acetate, 3-methyl-1-butanol, acetaldehyde, ethanol, acetic acid이었으며, capsaicin은 발효 전에 0.17~0.26 mg%이었고 발효 후 0.16~029 mg%로 약간 변화하였다. 항산화 활성은 발효 전 48.1~79.1%를 나타냈으나 발효 후 감소하여 38.9~64.9%를 나타내었다. 전반적인 기호도는 대조구에 비해 고추를 첨가한 발아현미 식초가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2005

An extract obtained from germinated brown rice was evaluated for protective effects against the adverse effects of a chronic high fat diet. C57BL6/J mice were divided into three groups; normal diet + water group (ND), high fat diet + water group (HD), high fat diet + brown rice water extract group (HD + BE) and fed for 8 weeks (6 day/week). The ND group diet was 11 kcal fat $\%$. The HD group and HD + BE group diet were 42 kcal fat $\%$. Weight gains were not significantly different between groups. However, abdominal fat $\%$ was 1.6-fold higher in the HD group than HD + BE group. Feed consumption was significantly higher in the ND group than HD group. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol increased with a high fat diet, but decreased by brown rice water extract administration to the high fat diet group. Serum HDL-cholesterol decreased by the high fat diet, but increased by the brown rice wate extract administration. Also, serum HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was 2.3-fold higher in the HD + BE than the HD. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol were not significantly different among groups. These data suggest that brown rice water extract administration improves the serum lipid profiles of C57BL/6J mice.