• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.413-415
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• 2009

Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii has been performed in 23 PCR positive blood samples from stray cats in Korea. We used 2 separate PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of SAG2 gene, amplifying the 5' and 3' ends of the locus. The results revealed that all samples belonged to the type I clonal lineage. Although T. gondii organisms were not isolated from the samples, the results of the present study represent that stray cats with T. gondii infection should be seriously concerned in our environment. Adequate and continuous control programs of stray cats are needed to reduce the risk of transmission of T. gondii as a zoonotic infection threatening the public health.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the photosensitizer photogem with light-emitting diode (LED) on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Two VRE strains isolated from the feces of patients. that was identificated Enterococcus faecium (vanA) and Enterococcus gallinarum (vanC1) using traditional biochemical tests and confirmed VRE genotyping from using polymerase chain reaction. In addition, three strains were used Enterococcus. faecalis CDC-286 (vanA), E. faecalis CDC-583 (vanB) and E. gallinarum CDC-42 (vanC1). To examine the antimicrobial effect of photogem mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against, CFU quantification and Disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test were evaluated. The effects of Photodynamic therapy was not associated with genotype. Photogem mediated PDT perfectly inhibited the colony formation of E. faecalis CDC-286. The number of viable bacteria decreased greatly after PDT application with photogem $50{\mu}g/mL$ and energy density of $15J/cm^2$. The diameter of inhibition zone was increased to after PDT more than before PDT. The case of vancomycin disc on E. faecalis CDC-583 and E. galinanum-Patient were changed from resistant to intermediate resistant, from intermediate resistant to susceptable. These results demonstrate that lethal photosensitization of VRE can be achieved using photogem plus 630 nm LED irradiation.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2006년도 정기총회 및 제37차 춘계 국제학술발표대회
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• pp.117-121
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• 2006

본 연구는 한우의 도체 품질을 결정하는 육질 등급 판정 항목이자 경제적으로 매우 중요한 근내지방도, 배최장근 단면적 및 등지방두께에 대한 개체별 유전능력 차이를 조기에 식별하는 선발 기술을 개발하기 위해 세포내 지방산 농도 및 다양한 세포 및 지질대사를 조절하는 지 방산결합 단백질(H-FABP) 유전자의 전체 염기서열을 분석하여 SNP를 검출하고, SNP marker가 한우의 도체 및 육질 형질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하고자 수행하였다. 염기 서열 분석 결과 총 6개의 SNP를 검출하였고, 이들 중 4개의 주요 SNP를 선발하여 PCR-RFLP기법으로 genotyping하고, 각 SNP marker가 한우 도체 및 육질 형질에 미치는 영향을 통계분석 하였다. H-FABP의 C3523T SNP marker가 한우의 배최장근 단면적 및 등지방 두께에 유의적인 영향을 미쳤다(p<0.05). 따라서, 본 연구를 통해 개발된 한우 H-FABP 유전자의 특정 SNP marker는 배최장근 단면적은 넓고 등지방두께는 얇은 우수한 고급육을 생산하는 한우의 조기 식별 및 육질진단에 매우 유용한 SNP분자 표지로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.776-782
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• 2012

Marbling (intramuscular fat) is the most economically important meat quality trait in Hanwoo (Korean cattle). The endothelial differentiation G-protein coupled receptor 1 (EDG1) gene, involved in blood vessel formation, is located within the genomic region of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for marbling on bovine chromosome 3. Thus, the EDG1 gene can be considered as a positional and functional candidate gene for meat quality in beef cattle. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDG1 gene and to evaluate their associations with carcass traits in Hanwoo population. We have sequenced a fragment of 5'-UTR of the EDG1 gene and identified one SNP. Genotyping of the g.166A>G SNP marker was carried out using PCR-RFLP analysis in 309 Hanwoo steers in order to evaluate their association with carcass traits. The g.166A>G SNP marker showed a significant effect on the marbling score. Animals with the GG genotype had higher marbling score compared with AA and AG genotypes (p<0.05). This SNP marker also showed a significant additive effects for the marbling score (p<0.05). These results suggest that the EDG1 gene can be used as a molecular marker for DNA marker-assisted selection in order to increase the levels of the marbling score in Hanwoo.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2014

This study aimed to identify the assemblages (or subassemblages) of Giardia duodenalis by using normal or nested PCR based on 4 genetic loci: glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), ${\beta}$-giardin (bg), and small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rRNA) genes. For this work, a total of 216 dogs' fecal samples were collected in Guangdong, China. The phylogenetic trees were constructed with MEGA5.2 by using the neighbor-joining method. Results showed that 9.7% (21/216) samples were found to be positive; moreover, 10 samples were single infection (7 isolates assemblage A, 2 isolates assemblage C, and 1 isolate assemblage D) and 11 samples were mixed infections where assemblage A was predominant, which was potentially zoonotic. These findings showed that most of the dogs in Guangdong were infected or mixed-infected with assemblage A, and multi-locus sequence typing could be the best selection for the genotype analysis of dog-derived Giardia isolates.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2014

Toxoplasma 3 main clonal lineages are designated as type I, II, and III; however, atypical and mixed genotypes were also reported. This study was conducted for detection of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in rats (Rattus rattus) in Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia. PCR test on T. gondii B1 gene was conducted on ELISA IgM positive samples for confirmation of the infection. However, genetic analysis of the SAG2 locus was performed to determine T. gondii genotypes using PCR-RFLP technique. PCR test on T. gondii B1gene showed that 22 (81.5%) out of the 27 ELISA IgM positive samples have T. gondii DNA. Genotypic analysis shows that, of the total 22 PCR positive samples, only 13 (59.1%) were of type II, 7 (31.8%) were of type III, and 2 (9.1%) were of an unknown genotype. It is obvious that the prevalence of both type II and III is high in rats. No reports have been available on T. gondii genotypes among rats in Riyadh region, and only little is known about its seroprevalence in rats. Future studies on T. gondii genotypes in rats using multi-locus markers is needed in Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia for better understanding of T. gondii pathogenesis and treatment in humans and animals.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.213-219
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• 1999

Microsatellite allele analysis has been used for individual identification and paternity test. In the present study, the biological father of three puppies was determined by using microsatellite allele amplification analysis. The mother bitch of the litter was a Poongsan dog. The three stud dogs that could have inseminated the bitch, by being in the same residence, were a white Poosan dog, a mixed breed, and a white Jindo dog. DNA was obtained from all the relevant dogs by buccal swabbing. Four loci of tetranucleotide repeat microsatellite were PCR-amplified, and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. The results of genotyping unambigously assigned the Poongsan dog as the biological father. There was no evidence of superfecundation. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the usefulness of microsatellite allele analysis as a simple, efficient method of paternity test in dogs.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genotypic characterization of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) using arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR), to investigate the cytotoxicity of both clinical isolates and standard strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans for the human Jurkat T cells, and to measure the osteoclastogenic cytokines released by Jurkat cells infected with these bacterial strains. The random sequence primer 15 and 16 could distinguish different AP-PCR profiles between clinical isolates of A. actinomycetemcomitans. A. actinomycetemcomitans significantly suppressed Jurkat cell viability in time dependent fashion and the results of DNA fragmentation assay indicated that this bacterial species induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells undergoing apoptosis released the osteoclastogenic cytokine, IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$. These data support the hypothesis that induction of apoptosis is at least one essential step in A. actinomycetemcomitans induced local immunosuppressive pathway, and that A. actinomycetemcomitans can modulate the immunomodulatory cell population in the periodontal tissue by inducing T cell death through apoptosis, and that apoptosis of local resident T cells may play an active role in bone resorption by releasing osteoclastogenic cytokines, e.g. IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2007

A hundred and seventeen antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains were isolated from public tap and spring waters which were polluted by fecal coliforms. There were no significant differences between two water sources as to the coliform pollution level (p> 0.05). All E. coli isolates were detected to be resistant to one or more antibiotics tested. Nearly 42% of the isolates showed multiresistant phenotype. Three (2.5%) of these isolates contained class 1 integron. Sequencing analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed two gene cassette arrays, dfr1-aadA1 and dhfrA17-aadA5. Resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was transferable according to the results of conjugation experiments. The rate of tetracycline resistance was 15%. tet(A)-mediated tetracycline resistance was widespread among tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates. Genotyping by BOX-polymerase chain reaction (BOX-PCR) showed that some of the strains were epidemiologically related. This is the first report on the prevalence and characterization of class 1 integron-containing E. coli isolates of environmental origin in Turkey.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2014

We present a new next-generation sequencing-based method to identify somatic mutations of lung cancer. It is a comprehensive mutation profiling protocol to detect somatic mutations in 30 genes found frequently in lung adenocarcinoma. The total length of the target regions is 107 kb, and a capture assay was designed to cover 99% of it. This method exhibited about 97% mean coverage at $30{\times}$ sequencing depth and 42% average specificity when sequencing of more than 3.25 Gb was carried out for the normal sample. We discovered 513 variations from targeted exome sequencing of lung cancer cells, which is 3.9-fold higher than in the normal sample. The variations in cancer cells included previously reported somatic mutations in the COSMIC database, such as variations in TP53, KRAS, and STK11 of sample H-23 and in EGFR of sample H-1650, especially with more than $1,000{\times}$ coverage. Among the somatic mutations, up to 91% of single nucleotide polymorphisms from the two cancer samples were validated by DNA microarray-based genotyping. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of high-throughput mutation profiling with lung adenocarcinoma samples, and the profiling method can be used as a robust and effective protocol for somatic variant screening.