• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.223-230
• /
• 2007

Vitellaria paradoxa commonly called shea is an important agro forestry and fruit-bearing species present in four agro-ecological zones of Cameroon. The goal of this work was the morphological characterization of certain populations of V. paradoxa which will serve as a necessary step for a subsequent genetic study of the species. Morphological observations related to 20 agronomic traits, studied on 8-13 trees selected from each of the eight shea populations across four different agro-ecological zones located in four provinces of Cameroon were studied. The study showed that there was a variation between the populations, related to the traits measured on the trunk, fruit, nut, and leaf. Three shapes of the tree(ball, broom, and trained), five shapes of the fruit(round, oblong, reversed pear, ovoid, and oblong), three colors of the nut(clear brown, dark brown, and blackish brown) were identified. The principal component analysis(PCA) carried out on the quantitative characters revealed 72% of the total variance expressed on the first and second main axis. This variation was essentially explained by the traits measured on the fruits and on the nuts. The analyses showed that only the traits of the fruits and the nuts were discriminative. The shea populations studied were structured into two distinct groups using these discriminative traits.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.458-468
• /
• 2007

To tolerate environmentally adverse conditions such as cold, drought, and salinity, plants often synthesize and accumulate proline in cells as compatible osmolytes. ${\Delta}^1$-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase(P5CS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of proline biosynthesis from glutamate. Two complete genes, MtP5CS1 and MtP5CS2, were isolated from the model legume Medicago truncatula by cDNA cloning and bacterial artificial chromosome library screening. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that both genes consisted of 20 exons and 19 introns. Alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences revealed high similarities with P5CS proteins from other plant species. The two MtP5CS genes were expressed in response to high salt and low temperature treatments. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that MtP5CS1 was expressed earlier than MtP5CS2, indicating differential regulation of the two genes. To evaluate the reverse genetic effects of nucleotide changes on MtP5CS function, a Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes approach was taken. Three mutants each were isolated for MtP5CS1 and MtP5CS2, of which a P5CS2 nonsense mutant carrying a codon change from arginine to stop was expected to bring translation to premature termination. These provide a valuable genetic resource with which to determine the function of the P5CS genes in environmental stress responses of legume crops.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2010

본 논문은 다기능 미소유체시스템의 일체형 패키징을 위한 MSI (microfluidic system interface) 기술을 제안하고, 이를 설계, 제작, 시험 평가하였다. MSI 기술을 통해 플러그 방식의 유체 인터커넥터, 유체제어를 위한 미소밸브, 광학 인터페이스를 위한 광학창을 유체시스템에 일체형으로 쉽게 구현할 수 있었다. MSI 기술의 유용성을 보이기 위해 미소 유전자시료전처리시스템에 적용되었으며, 미소 유전자시료전처리시스템은 세포정제, 세포분리, 세포용해, DNA 고체상추출, 중합효소연쇄반응, 그리고 모세관전기영동 기능으로 구성되었다. 나아가 MSI 기술이 적용된 미소 유전자시료전처리시스템의 DNA 고체상추출 및 중합효소연쇄반응의 실험결과로부터 MSI가 미소유체시스템을 위한 실용적 패키징 기술임이 검증되었다.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 1998

Obesity, one of the most common metabolic diseases in industrial countries is characterized by an increase in the number or size of adipocytes. In an effort to create transgenic mouse models for the study of obesity we developed a novel technique in which adipose tissue can be ablated genetically at will, at any specific developmental stage and/or physiological condition, by the treatment of ganciclovir. We made a series of adipocytespecific expression vectors using minimal regulatory regions of brown adipocyte-specific uncoupling protein (UCP-1) gene and adipocyte-specific aP2 gene, and then analyzed their expression characteristics in cultured cell lines. When both constructs pUCP-LacZ and paP2-LacZ were transfected transiently into differentiating 3T3-L1 (pre-while adipocytes) and HIB-1B (pre-brown adipocytes) cell lines in vitro and then monitored by X-gal staining of cells, these regulatory regions were sufficient to show proper differentiation stage-specific expression in adipocvtes. To confirm that adipocytes expressing HSV-TK controlled by these minimal requlatory elements are sufficient to kill themselves with ganciclovir treatment pUCP-TK and paP2-TK expression constructs were transfected stably into HIB-1B and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively, and their ganciclovir sensitivities were tested during in vitro differentiation of cells. As expected more than 80% of cells were dead by the 7th day of treatment with ganciclovir while negative control cells were not affected at all. The data suqqest that the constructed vectors are suitable for obtaining novel obese transqenic models based on a conditional genetic tissue ablation method.

• Plant Resources
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.60-66
• /
• 2005

Lysine is the first essential amino acid for optimal nutrient quality in rice grain. For the narrow genetic diversities of lysine contents in rice, somaclonal variation was the source of mutation in our breeding program. Biochemical selection was conducted using 1 mM S-(2-aminoethyl) cysteine followed by two passages of 5 mM lysine plus threonine in the callus subculture medium. The lysine contents in endosperm of all progenies recovered from the biochemical selection were higher than those of their donor cultivar 'Hwayeongbyeo'. These elevated lysine levels of mutants were successfully transmitted to $M_4$ generation. The lysine contents in endosperm varied 3.85 to $4.80\%$ compare to their donor cultivar 'Hwayeongbyeo' was $3.85\%$. Three of high-lysine germplasms, Lys-l, Lys-2 and Lys-7 were selected by biochemical selection and rapid screening methods. DNA analysis showed that a new insertion of Tos 17 which mapped to rice chromosome 11 on the high-lysine mutant, Lys-2.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.1148-1161
• /
• 2016

Lactobacilli are universally recognized as probiotics that are widely used in the adjuvant treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as vaginitis and enteritis. With the overuse of antibiotics in recent years, the lactobacilli in the human body are killed, which could disrupt the microecological balance in the human body and affect health adversely. In this work, cephalosporin-resistant Lactobacillus casei RL20 was obtained successfully from the feces of healthy volunteers, which possessed a stable genetic set. However, the shortage of lactic acid (72.0 g/l at 48 h) by fermentation did not meet the requirement for its use in medicine. To increase the production of lactic acid, the functional genes pfk and glk were introduced into the wild strain. A yield of 144.2 g/l lactic acid was obtained in the transgenic L. casei RL20-2 after fermentation for 48 h in 1 L of basic fermentation medium with an initial glucose concentration of 100 g/l and increasing antibacterial activity. These data suggested that L. casei RL20-2 that exhibited a high yield of lactic acid may be a potential probiotic to inhibit the spread of bacterial infectious diseases and may be used for vaginitis therapy.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.591-599
• /
• 2020

Phytophthora root and stem rot reduce soybean yields worldwide. The use of R-gene type resistance is currently crucial for protecting soybean production. The present study aimed to identify the genomic location of a gene conferring resistance to Phytophthora sojae isolate 2457 in the recombinant inbred line population developed by a cross of Daepung × Daewon. Singlemarker analysis identified 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with resistance to the P. sojae isolate 2457, which explained ~67% of phenotypic variance. Daewon contributed a resistance allele for the locus. This region is a well-known location for Rps1 and Rps7. The present study is the first, however, to identify an Rps gene locus from a major soybean variety cultivated in South Korea. Linkage analysis also identified a 573 kb region on chromosome 3 with high significance (logarithm of odds = 13.7). This genomic region was not further narrowed down due to lack of recombinants within the interval. Based on the latest soybean genome, ten leucine-rich repeat coding genes and four serine/ threonine protein kinase-coding genes are annotated in this region, which all are well-known types of genes for conferring disease resistance in crops. These genes would be candidates for molecular characterization of the resistance in further studies. The identified R-gene locus would be useful in developing P. sojae resistant varieties in the future. The results of the present study provide foundational knowledge for researchers who are interested in soybean-P. sojae interaction.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.551-559
• /
• 2004

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes various clinical signs in human and animals, and has been indicated as a global enteropathogen with zoonotic importance. In this study, the feces of healthy pigs were collected from the slaughtered pigs of Daejon abattoir during the period from December 2001 to October 2002. Of 326 specimens, 13 STEC were confirmed by culture, PCR and colony hybridization. The isolates were further studied for toxin types, pathogenic factors, plasmid profiles, and antimicrobial resistance to characterize the genetic and toxigenic properties. In PCR, all of 13 isolates were evident to have shiga toxin gene (stx). Of 13 isolates stx1 gene was detected in 4 and stx2 gene in 9. The genes of eaeA, hlyA and rfbE were not present in any isolates. In colony hybridization using shiga toxin common primer (STXc), 2 to 9 per 100 colonies subcultured from 13 isolates showed the positive reaction. In the examination for plasmid profiles of the isolates, one to eleven plasmids with varying sizes of 1.0 Kb to 100 Kb were detected, and the 13 STEC could be classified into four groups by the plasmid patterns. The antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolates were comparably corresponded with the plasmid profile patterns.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.483-493
• /
• 2010

Knock-out of a gene by insertional mutagenesis is a direct way to address its function through the mutant phenotype. Among ca. 15,000 gene-trapped Ds insertion lines of rice, we identified one line from selected sensitive lines in highly salt stress. We conducted gene tagging by TAIL-PCR, and DNA gel blot analysis from salt sensitive mutant. A gene encoding an oligopeptide transporter (OPT family) homologue was disrupted by the insertion of a Ds transposon into the OsOPT10 gene that was located shot arm of chromosome 8. The OsOPT10 gene (NP_001062118.) has 6 exons and encodes a protein (752 aa) containing the OPT family domain. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of OsOPT10 gene was rapidly and strongly induced by stresses such as high-salinity (250 mM), osmotic, drought, $100\;{\mu}M$ ABA. The subcellular localization assay indicated that OsOPT10 was localized specifically in the plasma membrane. Overexpression of OsOPT10 in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice conferred tolerance of transgenic plants to salt stress. Further we found expression levels of some stress related genes were inhibited in OsOPT10 transgenic plants. These results suggested that OsOPT10 might play crucial but differential roles in plant responses to various abiotic stresses.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.169-174
• /
• 2010

Cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus 1758) is a commercially important fish in Korea. In recent years, the catch of cutlassfish in the coastal waters of Korea has significantly declined. Its genetic characterization has been little studied. To assist conservation and management efforts, we isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci using an enrichment method based on magnetic/biotin capture of microsatellite sequences from a size-selected genomic library. To characterize each locus, 30 individuals from a natural T. lepturus population in the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea, were genotyped. All loci except two, KTh9B and KTh22A, were polymorphic, with an average of 14.3 alleles per locus (range, 10 22). The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.80 (range, 0.50 0.97) a 0.82 (range, 0.68 0.95), respectively. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed at three loci (KTh6B, KTh10, and KTh16). This high variability indicates that these microsatellites may be useful for high-resolution studies of population genetics.