• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.399-409
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• 2009

We study the weak convergence of various models to Fractional Brownian motion. First, we consider arima process and ON/OFF source model which allows for long packet trains and long inter-train distances. Finally, we figure out power spectrum density as a Fourier transform of autocorrelation function of arima model and binary signal model.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.629-639
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• 1994

Loewner ([13]) showend the semigroup of the real non-singular totally positive matrices is generated by itsinfinitesimal elements, that is,s the set of all Jacobi matrices with non-negative off-diagonal elements. In general, a semigroup is not completely recreated from the set of its infinitesimal elements. We extend Loewner's work and show that the semi-group of all invertible upper (or lower) triangular stochastic matrices is generated by the set of its infinitesimal elements.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

Resident training programs in South Korea lag far behind that of advanced countries. Given the problems the current system in South Korea has, it is time to consider a new resident training system, resident training for general competencies. Training for the general competencies was practiced in medical fields in advanced countries such as the USA, Canada, and the UK as early as 20 years ago. This system has rendered itself a key component of resident training. Although a few theoretical procedures on general competencies have been practiced in South Korea, the awareness of this concept is still very weak, and the application of the theory to actual training is a long way off from becoming effective. It is urgent for South Korea to adopt competency- and outcome-based training for general competencies. To this end, the knowledge of the concept of this type of training should be improved. Also, the system should be carefully designed to cover a doctor's whole career, and be applied immediately. The competency- and outcome-based training for general competencies is a system that assures high level qualifications. It reflects the needs of our society under the recognition that a professional organization should be committed and accountable in order to respond to social demands. As the benefits of the new training system reach the public and medical care consumers, training-related expenses should be borne by social costs.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

원호활동파괴가 발생한 해안 폐기물 매립장에서 기초지반 전단강도의 보완과 폐기물 침출수가 지하수나 인접지반으로 유동되는 것을 차단하는 최종 시설로서 시멘트계 지중벽체를 시공한 후, 침출수 차단효과를 확인하였다. (1) 육안 확인 및 (2) 압축강도 시험에 의하면 지중에 시공된 벽체의 품질이 상당히 양호하다는 사실을 확인할 수 있고 (3) 현장 투수시험과 (4) 성분 및 성분비 분석과 (5) 질량 분석기를 통해서 얻게 되는 크로마토그램의 분포패턴 판정 등 중복적인 실험 및 조사 분석에 의해서 벽체의 수밀성이나 침출수의 이동에 대한 차단성이 매우 크다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 폐기물 매립장 내에서 발생하는 침출수와 같은 고농도 환경오염수가 매립장 밖으로 유출되거나 침투하는 것에 대한 신뢰적인 차단 여부는 이 5가지의 조사 및 시험을 실시하는 방안에 의하여 객관적으로 판단될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.997-1005
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• 1998

본 논문은 기존 on-off 앨고리듬을 개선하여 어레이 소자의 위상을 계산량이 적고 정확하게 구할 수 있는 그래디언트 on-off 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법의 우월성은 어레이 출력파워를 어레이 소자의 위상으로 그래디언트한 수식을 이용하므로써 기존 방법보다 어레이 출력파워의 증감을 더 정확하게 구할 수 있는데 기인한다. 제안 방법은 어레 이 소자의 위상을 조정하여 원하는 신호의 입사 방향으로 최대 빔패턴을 형성한다. 선형 어레이와 이차원 어레이의 두 경우를 나누어서 제안 방법을 적용하여 분석한다. Texas Instrument사에서 제공하는 부동소수점방식의 TMS320C30의 평가보드로 구현하므로써 제안 앨고리듬의 실시간 처리 가능성을 증명하였다. 제안 방법은 스냅샷당 빔형성 과정의 계산량이 적기 때문에 응답이 빨라야 하는 이동통신 시스템에 적합하다. 제안 방법을 CDMA 이동통신 상황에서 시뮬레이션하여 성능분석한 결과 수신신호의 성능이 상당히 향상되는 것을 확인하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether anti-M$\ddot{u}$llerian hormone (AMH) levels could be predict ovarian poor/hyper response and IVF cycle outcome. Methods: Between May 2010 and January 2011, serum AMH levels were evaluated with retrospective analysis. Three hundred seventy infertile women undergoing 461 IVF cycles between the ages of 20 and 42 were studied. We defined the poor response as the number of oocytes retrieved was equal or less than 3, and the hyper response as more than 25 oocytes retrieved. Serum AMH was measured by commercial enzymelinked immunoassay. Results: The number of oocytes retrieved was more correlated with the serum AMH level (r=0.781, $p$ <0.01) than serum FSH (r=-0.412, $p$ <0.01). The cut-off value of serum AMH levels for poor response was 1.05 ng/mL (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curves/area under the curve [AUC], $ROC_{AUC}$=0.85, sensitivity 74%, specificity 87%). Hyper response cut-off value was 3.55 ng/mL $ROC_{AUC}$=0.91, sensitivity 94%, specificity 81%). When the study group was divided according to the serum AMH levels (low: <1.05 ng/mL, middle: 1.05 ng/mL - 3.55 ng/mL, high: >3.55 ng/mL), the groups showed no statistical differences in mature oocyte rates (71.6% vs. 76.5% vs. 74.8%) or fertilization rates (76.9% vs. 76.6% vs. 73.8%), but showed significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates (21.7% vs. 24.1% vs. 40.8%, $p$=0.017). Conclusion: The serum AMH level can be used to predict the number of oocytes retrieved in patients, distinguishing poor and high responders.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information for developing a smart taekwondo uniform with enhanced functionality for children by investigating the wearing condition and satisfaction of taekwondo uniform among taekwondo training children. The data were collected from 162 children living in Seoul and Daegu. For data analysis were performed descriptive statistics, ${\chi}2$ -test and t-test using SPSS Ver. 12. The results of the analysis are as follows. The results revealed that respondents wearing the general training uniform during their training period were the most. The dissatisfaction for the general training uniform was a high price, lack of symbolic, lack of functionality in textiles, lack of variety in design and unfittness of size in order. The developed uniform can adjust the length using a zipper type fastener, and can be used in all seasons as the lining is detachable. It also uses nano-silver material, and soil release finish. It enhances the functionality of movement by treating with raglan sleeve and sleeve hem velcro tape, and designs the upper garment in the draping. Safety is improved through attaching GPS, and elastic material is mixed in the neckline for putting on and off easily. Piece of cloth is added inside the closing of the upper garment. Rings are made for fixing the taekwondo uniform belt. Pocket is designed in the lower garment and colors are multiplied.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.572-577
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• 2018

Background Mandibular contouring surgery to produce a more slender and small face has become popular, especially in East Asia. Narrowing genioplasty should be simultaneously performed with mandibular angle resection to achieve satisfactory results. In Korea, T-genioplasty has been frequently performed for chin narrowing. The authors developed a new, safe, and reliable method, termed M-genioplasty, that can provide a more slender and attractive lower face. Methods From June 2013 to December 2017, 36 patients underwent M-genioplasty with mandibular angle resection for lower facial contouring. Horizontal and vertical osteotomies were performed obliquely. The resected bone segments were wedge-shaped. The remaining two bone segments were rotated and approximated centrally. The lateral mandible bony step-off was trimmed off for mandibular angle resection. Results In all patients, the facial contour sufficiently improved, and most patients were satisfied with the outcome. No severe complications took place during postoperative follow-up. Conclusions M-genioplasty can provide more mandibular angle resection and can create a more acute chin angle without bone resorption than other methods, including T-genioplasty. M-genioplasty with mandibular angle resection is a safer, more accurate, and more reliable method for lower facial contouring.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.210-235
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• 2001

This study purposed to standardize the Korean versions of the General Health Questionnaire, especially KGHQ-20 and KGHQ-30, through the evaluation of their reliability and validity. The two KGHQs, along with several other scales that measure psychological symptoms, were administered to 916 students and 102 chronically mentally ill patients at mental health hospitals in Korea. Both of the KGHQs were found to have high reliability based on test-retest correlation coefficients, internal consistency (Chronbach's ${\alpha}$) as scales, and item-total correlations for most of the items. The two KGHQ scores were shown to have high validity based on three methods of analysis; first, both KGHQ scores had highly significant correlations with most of other measures for psychopathology, such as SCL-90, CES-D, SDS, BAI, STAI; second, there were significant differences of the two KGHQ scores between the group of mentally healthy students and the group of chronically mentally ill patients; the validity of the KGHQ-30 was also derived from high sensitivity and specificity, which helped identify the best cut-off points: 15/16 for the KGHQ-30. The cut-off point for the KGHQ-20 was determined at 12/13 based on the mean scores and standard deviations of other scales as well as of the KGHQ-20.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 Blended learning 수업에서 간호학생의 만족도와 연구대상의 일반적 특성에 따른 만족도 차이를 확인하는 것이다. 본 연구는 '간호학특론 I (1)' 과목을 수강한 간호학과 4학년 학생 중 연구 참여에 동의한 학생을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 142부 중 122부를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습자의 수업 만족도는 오프라인 수업 만족도가 가장 높았고, 온라인 수업, Blended learning 수업 만족도 순이었다. 둘째, 연구대상자의 일반적 특성 중 성별에 따라 온라인 수업 만족도에 차이가 있었고 오프라인 수업 만족도는 주관적 성적 정도에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, Blended learning 수업 중 온라인 수업에서 가장 개선되어야 할 부분으로 학생들은 기술지원 및 시스템을 지적하였다. 본 연구를 통해 효과적인 Blended learning 수업 방안과 Blended learning에 대한 대학의 정책 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제시할 수 있을 것이다.