• 한국재료학회지
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2023

A solution combustion process for the synthesis of hollandite (BaAl₂Ti₆O₁₆) powders is described. SYNROC (synthetic rock) consists of four main titanate phases: perovskite, zirconolite, hollandite and rutile. Hollandite is one of the crystalline host matrices used for the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes because it immobilizes Sr and Lns elements by forming solid solutions. The solution combustion synthesis, which is a self-sustaining oxi-reduction reaction between a nitrate and organic fuel, generates an exothermic reaction and that heat converts the precursors into their corresponding oxide products in air. The process has high energy efficiency, fast heating rates, short reaction times, and high compositional homogeneity. To confirm the combustion synthesis reaction, FT-IR analysis was conducted using glycine with a carboxyl group and an amine as fuel to observe its bonding with metal element in the nitrate. TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction analysis, SEM and EDS were performed to confirm the formed phases and morphology. Powders with an uncontrolled shape were obtained through a general oxide-route process, confirming hollandite powders with micro-sized soft agglomerates consisting of nano-sized primary particles can be prepared using these methods.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.636-663
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• 2020

Smartwatch, one of the popular forms of wearable gadget and a converging point of information technology innovation and fashion, is gaining much acceptance in countries belonging to the Asia-Pacific region. However, little is known about factors affecting consumers' intention to use smartwatches in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study explores factors driving Bangladeshi consumers' intention to use smartwatches and expands the general understanding of the emerging Asia-Pacific region's market. The study extends the conventional Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating perceived enjoyment, aesthetic appeal, healthology, and two fashion-related factors, such as fashion innovativeness and fashion involvement. Data representing 300 respondents were analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM). The results reveal that, among other predictors, attitude toward using has the strongest direct effect on behavioral intention to use smartwatches. Moreover, attitude toward using smartwatches is significantly influenced by perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, fashion innovativeness, and fashion involvement. The study further discusses some interesting theoretical contributions that would be important insights for future studies. The empirical findings of this study would benefit the manufacturers and marketers who are trying to enter or penetrate the market in the Asia-pacific region.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.190-194
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• 2023

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to brain damage caused by external forces or trauma. TBIs can vary in severity and result from accidents, falls, sports injuries, assaults, or other forms of physical trauma. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known have roles in various cognitive functions. We report on a patient with traumatic brain injury who showed prefrontal symptoms after injury of thalamocortical connections between mediodorsal nuclei (MD) of thalamus and PFC. Methods: A 54-year-old, male patient suffered a TBI as a result of a heavy object falling on his head. After onset of TBI, he showed typical symptoms of prefrontal lobe injury, including personality changes, memory impairment, and general cognition problem. The thalamocortical connections between MD and PFC (ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and obrbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) were reconstructed using diffusion tensor tractography. In terms of fractional anisotropy value, the right thalamocortical connections to the OFC were significantly lower than those of control subjects. Results: The value of mean diffusivity in the right thalamocortical connections to the DLPFC was significantly higher than that of control subjects. By contrast, both VLPFC and left OFC showed significant decrement in the tract volume of thalamocortical connections compared with that of control subjects. Conclusion: We reported on a patient who showed cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment due to global injury of the thalamocoritcal connections between MD and PFC following TBI.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.292-307
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• 2019

불교에서는 부처의 위엄, 부처의 세계가 멀리 있는 것이 아님을 보여주는 방편으로 불상과 그 주변을 아름답게 꾸몄다. 여기에 이용된 각종 불구를 장엄구라고 한다. 장엄구는 불상을 꾸미는 장신구, 광배, 보개, 번 등 다양하며, 건물 밖에 걸었던 풍탁 또한 불교 장엄구의 일종이다. 풍탁은 지금까지도 사원에서 널리 쓰이는 불교 장엄구이다. 중국에서는 낙양 영녕사 목탑, 둔황석굴 등으로 미루어 보아 적어도 6세기 무렵에는 이미 풍탁을 사용한 것으로 보인다. 우리나라 불교사원은 삼국시대에 중국에서 불교가 전래한 것과 동시에 지어졌으므로 사원 건물에 매다는 풍탁도 사원 조성과 그 시작이 크게 다르지 않을 것으로 보인다. 현존하는 가장 이른 풍탁은 백제 미륵사지 <금동풍탁>이다. 우리나라 풍탁은 입면에 따라 종형과 제형으로 구분된다. 이는 옆 변의 형태에 따라 세분화할 수 있다. 종형과 제형 풍탁은 시대가 흐르면서 서로에게 영향을 주었는데, 이러한 모습이 고려시대 풍탁에 가장 잘 드러나고 있다. 고려시대 풍탁은 이전의 형식, 구조, 의장 등을 계승하면서도 기술적으로 발전을 도모하고, 자유로우면서도 과하지 않은 의장을 표현하였다. 특히 고려 소종의 입상연판문대(立狀蓮瓣文帶), 왕실의 위엄을 드러내는 불문(?文), 고려 향로 속 삼환문(三環文)과 범자문(梵字文), 석조물의 창호문(窓戶文) 등 동 시기의 불교 미술품과의 교류를 짐작하게 하는 의장은 고려시대 풍탁에서 가장 두드러지는 부분이다. 이처럼 고려 풍탁은 특정한 규격에 얽매이지 않으면서도 그 역할에 충실했던 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 지금까지 확인된 우리나라 풍탁을 조사한 결과 고려시대에 제작된 것이 가장 비중이 높다는 점에서 시작되었다. 풍탁 연구는 다른 불교 장엄구에 비해 미진한 실정이기에 가장 많은 고려시대 풍탁을 기반으로 이루어져야 한다고 생각한다. 우선 풍탁이 왜 만들어졌는지를 살펴보고 우리나라 풍탁의 형식을 알아보겠다. 이를 토대로 고려시대 풍탁의 시기별 전개와 특징을 고찰하고자 한다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.185-223
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 동태적 일반균형모형(dynamic stochastic general equilibrium)을 이용하여 노동소득세의 증가가 한국경제의 노동시장 및 주요 거시경제변수에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 증가된 세수를 일반보조금으로 사용하는 경우와 근로장려금으로 사용하는 경우로 나누어 분석한다. 본 연구에서 상정하는 모형경제의 특성은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경제주체들의 생산성 차이를 명시적으로 고려한, 이질적 가계로 이루어진 거시경제모형(heterogeneous agent macroeconomy model)이다. 둘째, 노동공급의 비분할성(indivisible labor)을 가정하여 조세 재정정책의 변화에 따른 노동시장 참여 여부에 대한 선택의 변화에 중점을 두어 정책의 효과를 분석한다. 셋째, 불완전 금융시장(incomplete markets)을 가정하여 개별 근로자들의 자신의 생산성이 변함으로 발생하는 소득과 취업상태의 변화에 대해 완벽하게 대처할 수 없다. 넷째, 일반균형모형을 상정하므로 정책의 변화로 인한 거시경제변수의 변화가 개별 근로자의 의사결정에 미치는 영향까지도 분석할 수 있다. 세율상승으로 증가된 세수를 모든 사람에게 동등하게 분배하는 일반보조금정책의 경우 노동소득세율의 증가는 노동공급의 인센티브를 저하시켜 기본모형경제에 비해 취업률을 1% 정도 저하시킨다. 반면, 추가적인 세수를 저소득 취업근로자에게만 지급하는 근로장려금정책의 경우, 수혜대상자들의 노동의욕은 증가하는 반면, 고소득 취업자들의 경우 근로장려금의 혜택없이 추가적인 세금부담으로 인하여 노동의욕이 감소한다. 경제 전체적으로는 기본모형에 비해 최대 2.7% 정도의 취업률 증가효과를 가진다. 그러나 근로장려금의 수혜대상이 넓어질수록 일인당 지급되는 근로장려금의 액수가 작아져서 고용증대 효과는 미미해지고 세율상승으로 인한 노동의욕 감소효과가 압도하게 되어 전반적인 취업률에는 별 영향을 미치지 못하게 된다. 전반적으로 근로장려금과 같은 근로자 지원정책은 경제 전체의 취업률을 유효하게 증대시킬 수 있음을 보여준다. 이는 최근 한국경제가 직면한 가장 심각한 경제 사회 문제 중의 하나인 저출산과 인구고령화 등으로 인한 노동공급 감소에 대처하는 유효한 정책대안으로 근로장려금정책을 이용할 수도 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2006

콘크리트포장에 초기균열을 일으키는 중요한 인자 중 하나는 콘크리트 내부의 초기온도이다. 따라서 콘크리트포장의 초기균열 발생원인을 연구하기 위해서는 초기온도를 계측하여 분석하는 일이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 초기균열이 발생하는 슬래브 장소와 초기균열의 발생시간이 초기온도패턴에 어떤 영향을 받는지를 검증하였고 더불어, 줄눈부에서 발생하는 균열의 발생시점과 시공시간과의 관계도 알아보았다. 본 논문을 위해서 "중부내륙고속도로 여주-충주간 제 1공구 시험도로 건설공사구간 STATION 1+400$\sim$1+700" 지점에서 시험시공이 이루어졌으며, 시공 후 72시간 동안 i-Button(온도계측센서)을 이용하여 온도계측을 시행하였으며, 초기균열의 거동은 Demec gauge를 사용하였으며, 초기균열 및 줄눈부 균열은 육안으로 확인하였다. 초기온도패턴과 초기균열의 분석 결과, 콘크리트의 초기온도패턴은 슬래브에 초기균열이 발생하는 위치와 시각에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다 초기균열균열은 온도낙차폭이 가장 큰 슬래브에서 발생하였으며, 그 시각은 슬래브의 온도가 급강하하는 새벽이었다. 또한, 콘크리트 슬래브의 거동이 인근 줄눈부에 발생한 초기균열에 따라 영향을 받으며. 줄눈부에 발생한 균열의 발생시기가 서로 다를 경우에 균열의 거동이 달라질 수 있다는 가능성이 제시되었다. 그 외에도, 오전에 시공한 슬래브에서의 균열 발생률이 오후에 시공한것보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 균열의 발생 간격이 큰 균열이 그렇지 않은 균열보다 더 큰 균열틈을 보였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2011

The Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) revised the Health Functional Food Act in 2008 and extended the form of health functional foods to general food types. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate consumers' perceptions of the expanded form of health functional food and to predict consumption patterns. For this study, 1,006 male and female adults aged 19 years and older were selected nationwide by multi-stage stratified random sampling and were surveyed in 1:1 interviews. The questionnaire survey was conducted by Korea Gallup. The subjects consisted of 497 (49.4%) males and 509 (50.6%) females. About 57.9% of the subjects recognized the KFDA's permission procedures for health functional foods. Regarding the health functional foods that the subjects had consumed, red ginseng products were the highest (45.3%), followed by nutritional supplements (34.9%), ginseng products (27.9%), lactobacillus-containing products (21.0%), aloe products (20.3%), and Japanese apricot extract products (18.4%). Opinions on expanding the form of health functional foods to general food types scored 4.7 points on a 7-point scale, showing positive responses. In terms of the effects of medicine-type health functional foods versus generic health functional foods, the highest response was 'same effects if the same ingredients are contained' at a rate of 34.7%. For intake frequency by food type, the response of 'daily consistent intake' was 31.7% for capsules, tablets, and pills, and 21.7% for extracts. For general food types, 'daily consistent intake' was 44.5% for rice and 22.8% for beverages, which were higher rates than those for medicine types. From the above results, consumers had positive opinions of the expansion of health functional foods to generic forms but are not expected to maintain accurate intake frequencies or amounts. Thus, continuous promotion and education are needed for proper intake of generic health functional foods.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.15-36
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• 1996

It is clear that the women's participation in social activity is dramatically increased in civilian field as well as military profession. Because of the characteristics of military nursing service, there are many difficulties. Frequent move, medical insurance, baby care. and the education are typical forms of difficulties for nurse officers in the military. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the perfect execution of nursing service. guarantee the active attitude for research and improve the combat strength by solving those private and economic problems. The method of research was analysis of question survey and the review of related literatures. The subject of research was 300 active nurse officers who work at the Army Hospitals. The survey was conducted 14 days from Oct 15 to Oct 28. The collected data was processed by computer using SPSS(Statistical Package of Social Science). Frequencies and percentages were used to examine the demographic characteristics of subject, and T-test was also used in the case of necessity. The result showed as follows; As the general characteristics of subject group; 28.7 years of average age, 73.6 months of service period, 63.4% of married. In regard of specialty; General 57.7%. Intensive Care 12.7% and Psychiatries 8.8%. The dissatisfactory factors about military welfare system were the difficulties in children education (36.9%). disadvantages on the civil medical insurance system (27.3%), and little chance of self education and development (21.5%). The problems in performing their duties were shown as dwelling instability due to frequent move (67.7%), and bring up children (14.2%). The reasons for resigning their job were shown as the instability of living status (64.2%), bring up children (18.8%) and dissatisfaction to the service (11.2%). The residential status was shown that military offered houses (45.2%), rental houses (29.3%) and own houses(14.64). The average numbers of moving residencies were; 3-4 time(34.6%), less than 2 times(33.1%), and 5-7 times(21.5%). Higher than 94.7% of the subject group spent more than 50.000 Won. In regard of education, they wanted to attend graduate school with their own expense(26.2%), computer science(20%) and Office Job Training(20%). The ways of taking care of children were mother-in-low(49.6%), mother(14.6%), and others(25%). The average expenditure per month for children were 20-30 hundred Won(44.2%), 10-20 hundred Won(25%) and 30-40 hundred Won(22.3%). The places of children care selected were public or occupational care center(56.2%), religious organization(20.8%), and other center managed by social organizations(10.4%). The result of survey for general welfare of nurse officers are as follows; By and large they seem to be satisfied with their job. however. there are some dissatisfactory factors. They are children care facilties, promotion. income. welfare facilities. disadvantage in medical insurance and civil hospitals. house purchase. unfair chances in specialty training. influence on promotion by educational status. and insufficient role for their children and husbands. As conclusion. the recommendations for improving nursing service are as follows; 1. Children care center managed by occupation 2. Dormitory system for children by military personnel 3. Equal opportunities in education according to ability 4. Reasonable moving price according to the distance and scope of family and extra allowance

• 환경정책연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.131-154
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• 2012

환경세의 조세효율성과 관련된 기존의 연구들은 대부분 소비세 형태의 환경세를 가정하고 있다. 즉 환경세가 최종 산출물의 소비과정, 또는 생산과정에 투입되는 중간재 소비에 부과됨을 가정하는 것이다. 이는 암묵적으로 오염발생재의 소비가 오염자체와 상당히 밀접한 관계에 있음을 전제로 하는 것으로 보인다. 하지만 현실적으로 오염발생재의 소비와 여기에서 발생되는 오염자체는 동일하지 않기 때문에 이러한 가정은 현실을 왜곡할 가능성이 높다. 본 논문에서 환경세를 오염발생재의 소비에 부과되는 형태와 오염배출에 직접부과되는 형태로 구분하고, 과세형태에 따른 조세효율성을 계산적 일반균형시뮬레이션(computational general equilibrium simulation) 분석을 통해 비교해 보았다. 시뮬레이션 분석결과에 따르면 오염배출에 직접 과세되는 형태, 즉 배출세 형태의 환경세가 조세효율성 측면에서는 더욱 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 이와 같은 결과는 효용함수에 대한 동조성(homotheticity) 가정의 적용여부와는 무관한 것으로 분석되었다. 즉 시장왜곡적인 조세가 이미 도입되어 있는 경우, 세수중립적인 환경세의 조세효율성 개선효과는 효용함수의 동조성 가정여부에 따라 민감한 것으로 나타나지만, 조세효율성은 산출물의 소비에 부과되는 형태보다 배출세 형태의 환경세가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-84
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• 1981

Korean private colleges under the period of Japanese control was the kernel for the educational resistance, one of the save-the-nation movements because of inculcating in Koreans the spirit of independence and self-respect under that period. Posung College Library building, erected in Commemoration of the 30th Anniversary of the Foundation, especially, was the result of Koreans systematizing ability and iron will of independence for the future generations. In this paper, an attempt to study the Korean private college libraries under the period of Japanese control is provided. The main institutions in this study are Posung College library, Chosen Christian College library (Yunhee College Library), and Ewha College Library. This study will focus to review the followings: 1. The historical background of above mentioned libraries. 2. The educational resistance under that period. 3. The comparative and analytical study of these private college libraries and Keijo Imperial University library. 4. The facilities and the basic collection development plan on the basis of presentation. 5. library services including readers services. 6. The impact of these libraries on the present private university libraries. 7. The organization and staffing pattern, and budget of these private college libraries. The followings are the outlines conclusions: 1. Korean private college libraries had been established in order to perform the educational resistance. They are one of the supporting agencies for the research activities, among the most important means of social education, and provide, no doubt, the full nutriment for hungry soul under that period. 2. These libraries have not outstripped Keijo Imperial University in collection of books as well as man power, but their collection of books coincided, in general, with their curricula, and had feature to perform the save-the-nation-movement by education. 3. The library services were appeared in the forms such as the Circulation Library, Lectures on the Use of Books and Libraries, Library Week, and Training Course for the Librarians, etc. It is thought that these activities contributed to the social and cultural development of Korea indirectly. 4. The library administration of the private colleges depended upon the director of library because of the frequent changes of staffs and the simple functional system without its middle class. 5. The Japanese Government-General in Korea gave no financial assistance to the private colleges though they were in financial difficulties more than Keijo Imperial University. 6. The ambitious ideal for foundation of universities in reality as well as in name was not achieved during that period because of the monstrous obstacle so-called the Japanese Government-General in Korea, but its ideal had a desirable effect upon these college libraries development, in particular, before and after 1935.