• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.27-44
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop a tractable general-equilibrium model of examining the impact of human resource management on intra-industry trade. Commonly, managers of Korean firms are promoted internally. It necessitates a study of human resource management and its impact on an industrial equilibrium. Design/methodology - This paper relies on theoretical analysis. We build a model in firms are hierarchical; an entrepreneur, managers, and workers. All individuals have heterogeneous managerial talents, which are the main source of managerial quality. Firms search talents for prospect managers, and eventually delegate them to supervise workers. The searching incurs a sunk cost. Findings - Our finding is as follows. Country 1, relatively abundant of managerial talents, can gain more from trade than Country 2, relatively scarce of managerial talents. This is because the higher searching cost leads to the lower survival rate of firms in Country 2. Implicatively, good jobs are destroyed, and aggregate income falls in Country 2. Originality/value - According to our study, relative abundance of managerial talents affects distribution of firm size and determines trade gain. This study can contribute to the literature of organization management and trade.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

토지이용-교통 통합모형은 실증연구와 정책연구에 적합한 풍부하고 유연한 모형요소를 가지고 있다. 그러나 모형의 구성이 복잡한 만큼 후생함수의 정책변수에 대한 변화율 또한 통상 복잡하다. 따라서 최적 정책수단이 충족시켜야 할 1계 도함수 조건을 푸는 최적 정책수단의 수식을 명시적으로 유도하는 것이 매우 어렵고, 그 결과 수치해석적 모형은 이론연구 도구로서 활용하는데 근본적 한계를 가지고 있었다. 이 문제를 해결하고자 Yu and Rhee(2011) 및 Rhee (2012)는 이들 모형에서 목적함수인 후생함수의 정책변수에 대한 변화율을 간단한 수식으로 변환하는 방법론을 제시한 바 있다. 그러나 이들이 사용한 모형에서 교통수요는 고정된 것으로 가정하고 있어, 이들 모형 또한 교통 계획적 관점에서 보았을 때 상당한 한계를 지니고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이들의 방법론을 교통수요가 탄력적인 토지이용-교통 모형으로 확장한다. 이 방법론을 이용하면 보다 현실적인 모습의 토지시장과 교통망이 구현된 모형에서 정책수단의 다양한 영향을 분석할 수 있게 된다. 이러한 분석은 종래에 존재하지 않았거나 있었다 하더라도 매우 제한된 범위에서 수행되었던 분석들이다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.653-682
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• 2007

In this study, multi-sectoral partial equilibrium and computable general equilibrium models of Taiwan are used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of energy price increases on overall economies and agro-food sector in Taiwan. The results suggest that agricultural prices, production cost would increase between 0.27% to 1.88%, and a reduction in GDP around 0.39% to 0.54 %. The negative impact on livestock sector is slightly higher than that on the crop sector. Negative impacts are also observed in the employment and wages. The rising oil price has the potential to discourage production of energy-intensive activity because of the possibility of substitution and adaptations. The growth rate of real GDP will shrink by 0.64% to 1.06% and CPI will increase by 1.17% to 1,95%. Both the agriculture and non-agricultural sector also respond by raising output prices by 0.80% to 1.33%. The rising international oil price has urged the government to take policy actions like using alternative fuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, and adopting measures to cut down on energy consumptions mainly in transportation sectors in response to public concern over economic shocks.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.171-207
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper investigates the potential effect of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on trade liberalization among member countries in order to answer key questions in our research on whether the RCEP will be a cornerstone or just collaboration. Furthermore, it aims to measure the likely magnitude of the economic impact it has on its members. Design/methodology - Toward achieving research objectives, we developed a regional CGE model based on the GTAP 9 database. Findings - The simulation results show Korea, Australia, India, and Japan ranked the top countries with an average growth in GDP of 0.38 %, 0.36%, 0.29%, and 0.23%, respectively. Moreover, China and New Zealand followed with a percentage of 0.12% each. The lower economic performing group is the ASEAN group due to a contraction in GDP by 0.13%. Accordingly, there was a positive impact of the RCEP agreement on all member states, as empirically demonstrated. Furthermore, Korea is one of the countries that will benefit most from joining this agreement. Finally, this agreement is important; it has many economic benefits to member states, but it is not a cornerstone. Originality/value - The examination of the quantitative effects of tariff removal among the RCEP's countries is its value. We will address all member countries of the convention simultaneously using a regional CGE model GAMS language, where we employed a Mathematical Programming System for General Equilibrium (MPSGE) to establish a Regional CGE model. This study is directed to policymakers looking at evaluating RCEP agreement.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.17-37
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to estimate the resource recovery effect and the economic effect of the fishermen by the fisheries vessel buy-back program. First, this study standardizes the fishing efforts of coastal gill net, coastal trap, and coastal composite fisheries using Gavaris general linear model. Second, the resource evaluation is performed by using vessel buy-back program data, and also the CYP model based on exponential growth function is applied. In order to derive the effect of the vessel buy-back program, the MSY with the vessel buy-back program is compared with the MSY without the vessel buy-back program. Finally, we compare and analyze producer surplus under the equilibrium of the MEY and the OA using bioeconomic model. In conclusion, the vessel buy-back program has shown an increase in resource growth and economic improvement for the remaining fishermen. The result shows that the remaining fishermen are able to obtain an increase in producer surplus of about 53% due to the vessel buy-back program under equilibrium levels of the open access and the maximum economic yield.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.27-51
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• 2012

신고전주의 학자들은 한국의 산업화 과정이 '노동잉여' 모델에 따르고 있다고 주장해 왔다. 이 모델은 개발도상국들의 경제발전은 무한한 값 싼 노동력이 제조업 부문으로 이전되면서 진행되고, 따라서 산업화의 성공을 위해서는 노동집약적 기술이 사용되어야 한다는 점을 강조하고 있다. Fei와 Ranis는 일본의 초기 산업화 단계(1887-1915)에서 일본이 노동집약적 기술을 사용하였고 이는 일본의 경제발전을 이끌었다고 주장한다. 이에 본 논문은 한국 산업화 과정이 과연 이 모델에 기인하고 있는 지를 밝히고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이의 검증을 위하여 Kelly와 Williamson이 고안한 신고전주의 이중모델의 기본 틀이 사용되었다. 이 모델 하에서 연산일반균형 (CGE) 방식을 통해 한국 산업화 기간 중 (1965-1992) 추정된 주요 경제변수와 실제 역사적 수치를 비교해 보았다. 검증 결과 두 수치 간에 큰 차이가 나타남을 확인하였는바 따라서 한국의 산업화 과정은 시장의 힘에 기초한 비교우위 생성의 결과라는 신고전주의 가설이 적용되지 않는다는 결론에 이르게 되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sector to droughts, and drought damage on the agriculture sector could have effects on other sector. Droughts have different characteristics compared to other extreme events, which means more sophisticated methods considering the characteristics of droughts are required when measuring their damage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the damage of droughts based on limited computational general equilibrium model. To be specific, we constructed a CGE model focusing on the agriculture sector in Korea. Also, to limit changes in land use and labor, we limited them, and assume droughts only have effects on productivity of value-added. Lastly, we simulate drought effects on rice production in Korea based on several climate scenarios and GCM to identify the economic effects of droughts. The results show that 1) the cumulated damage of droughts during 2021~2040 is higher than other periods (2040~2061, 2081~2100), 2) the correlation between the damage of droughts and SSP scenarios is insignificant. This result implies the necessity of the effective drought risk management to prevent future droughts effects, irrespective of mitigation policies. 3) Due to increases in rice price, GDP of rice sector is increased. However, GDP of the other sector and consumer welfare are decreased. This result show that indirect effects of droughts would be more important when measuring drought effects on agriculture sector.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.60-82
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• 1991

Drying process of red pepper is very important in terms of drying cost and quality of the end product. Recently, many studies on red pepper drying have been performed. Nevertheless, an optimum drying condition is not established yet. Drying characteristics of red pepper is much affected by drying factors such as variety and initial state of red pepper as well as by environmental drying factors such as temperature and relative humidity of drying air. Various varieties of red pepper are being cultivated and the initial state of red pepper at harvest is very ambiguous. For this reason, it is very costly and time-consuming to establish an optimum drying condition of red pepper by experiment. A general drying model to descirbe a drying process has not been developed due to diversity of drying characteristics of red pepper. This study was, therefore, performed to develop a general drying model describing a drying process of red pepper. The results from this study are summarized as follows. 1. A basic model was established to develop an appropriate mositure content model and temperature model describing a drying process of red pepper, and the basic model was validated with experimental data. 2. The bone dry weight of fruit and mositure content were accepted satisfactorily as parameter to define the arbitrary red pepper. 3. The equilibrium moisture content of red pepper was found out to be different according to the variety of red pepper, air temperature and relative humidity. Also, the EMC model was developed using the parameters of air temperature, relative humidity and bone dry weight of fruit. 4. A general drying model for red pepper was developed, parameters of which were expressed as the function of drying factors related with drying phenomena. The developed drying model was found out to describe well the drying process of red pepper.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권4호
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• pp.458-466
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• 2008

본 연구는 장기 밤수급 예측과 국내외 시장여건 변화가 국내 밤시장에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 생밤시장과 깐밤시장을 상호 수직적으로 연결하는 부분균형모델을 개발하였다. 개발된 모델의 내생변수에 대한 예측능력을 측정하기 위하여 1990년부터 2003년까지 사후예측을 실시하였다. 전반적으로 신규재배면적 및 폐기면적을 제외하고는 모든 내생변수들에 대한 모델의 예측오차가 낮았다. 수급예측 결과 국내 생밤생산량은 2005년에 76,447톤에서 2020년에는 76,286톤으로 약간 감소할 것으로 예측되었으며, 일본으로 수출되는 깐밤의 양은 지속적으로 감소할 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2000

폭풍발생에 따른 해안종단방향의 표시이동은 경빈과 사구의 침식, 연안사주의 생성등 해안단면변화에 있어 주요한 요인의 하나로 알려져 있다. 그러나 폭풍발생에 따른 표사이동은 표사의 입경, 수면상승높이, 쇄파고 등 많은 요소들에 의해 복합적으로 작용하기 때문에 현재에도 정확한 예측이 어려운 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 해안단면에서의 평형에너지소산개념과 표사량 예측에 있어 주요한 요소인 표사량 파라미터를 차원해석을 통하여 변수화하고 수치모델에 도입하여 폭풍발생에 따른 해안종단방향의 해안단면변화와 해빈침식에 대하여 분석하여 보았다. 해안종단방향의 해빈침식은 단면형상 파라미터, 표사량 파라미터, 수면상승높이에 의해 크게 영향을 받음을 알 수 있다.