• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.705-719
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• 2023

The study aimed to investigate the factors influencing genderless fashion preferences. The questionnaires were collected from men and women participants aged 20 to 49 living in Seoul City and Gyeonggi Province. Data analysis involved factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that genderless fashion preference comprised four factors, namely individuality pursuit, deviation from norms, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit. Self-esteem encompassed two factors positive self-esteem, and negative self-esteem. while sociocultural attitude toward appearance consisted internalization, and awareness. Second, positive self-esteem significantly influenced individuality pursuit and deviation from norms in genderless preference factors. Third, sociocultural attitude toward appearance had a significant effect on genderless fashion preference, with awareness particularly exerting a significant effect on individuality pursuit, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit. Fourth, genderless fashion preferences exhibited differences based on gender role identity in factors such as individual pursuit, norm avoidance, and trend pursuit. Lastly, demographic characteristics such as age, education, occupation, and monthly income revealed significant differences in genderless fashion preferences. From the results of the study, it was found that consumers perceived individuality pursuit, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit as important influencing factors of genderless fashion preferences. In addition, it is necessary to create an independent brand identity by developing various items to express consumers' individuality, differentiated brand concepts from other brands, and store displays.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.227-235
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of childhood abuse experience, analyze factors affecting gender role attitudes, find out the moderating effect of social support, and suggest preventive measures and alternatives for childhood abuse experiences. proceeded. This study was conducted by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, through a domestic violence survey conducted every three years in accordance with the 「Act on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and Victim Protection, etc.」 Analysis was performed on 4,546 people and 4,514 men. As a result, it was found that childhood abuse experience had a negative (-) effect on gender role attitudes, and the analysis of the moderating effect of social support also showed a negative (-) effect. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen awareness of childhood abuse prevention and child protection from the beginning of life, and it is suggested that the level of children's parental education and social support and sufficient measures be prepared for future research.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.443-449
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify relations among experience of sexual assaults, recognition of sexual assaults and sex role attitude in urban and rural high school students. Method: The subjects were a 575 volunteer students sampled in Daegu City and Gyungbuk. Data were collected from March 19th to 31st, 2007 using structured questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS program using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score of the rural students was significantly higher than that of the urban students in experience of sexual assaults. The mean score of the urban students was significantly higher than that of the rural students in sex role attitude. Gender, experience of sexual education and recognition of sexual assaults accounted for 29.8% of the variance of sex role attitude in the urban students. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop discriminative sexual education programs by regional group in order to prevent sexual assaults among adolescents.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.221-230
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• 2023

With the continuous development of higher education, the academic satisfaction of college students has become one of the important indicators to evaluate the quality of education and student development. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of gender in academic attitude, sincerity, and academic satisfaction of college students in China. The subject of the study was selected by using the purposive sampling method, and data were collected using the survey method. 400 questionnaires were distributed to college students in Guangzhou, China, and 388 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. For statistical analysis, SPSS PC+ Win. ver. 26.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro ver. 4.2 were used, and frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and conditional indirect effect analysis were performed. The research results are as follows. First, academic attitude had a significant positive correlation with sincerity, gender, and academic satisfaction. Second, gender moderated the intermediary role of academic attitude on academic satisfaction through sincerity. This study indicated that different strategies are needed according to gender to improve academic satisfaction using academic attitude and sincerity of college students. Based on the results, plans to improve the academic satisfaction of college students were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.58
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• pp.5-36
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• 2017

This study aims to empirically analyze whether the women's cognitive attitude toward gender role, which is formed through social norms, enforces the gender division of housework. In this study, 4,435 married women aged 18-59 years from the 5th wave dataset of Korean Longutudinal Survey of Women and Family Data were selected for analysis. Using the Structural Equation Model(SEM), we examine the direct effect of "attitude toward behavior" and "subjective norm" on the domestic working hours and whether those two independent variables, such as "attitude toward behavior" and "subjective norm," influence the mediator variable "Behavior Intention" which in turn affect the dependent variable. The study reveals that "attitude toward the gender division of housework" has a statistically significant direct effect on the domestic working hours as well as an indirect effect operating through "behavior intention." And"subjective norm "has only a statistically significant indirect effect on the domestic working hours, operating through "behavior intention." Despite the fact that many women are now aware that various work-life balance policies are avaliable to mitigate the gender inequality of domestic works, it is proven that the gender division of housework becomes worse. The reason behind this is not only because there exist some problems in implementing the institutions themselves, but also because women's deeply internalized self-perception of gender role based on the traditional patriarchal culture somehow exacerbates the gender division of housework. Hence, in order to instill a progressive change in gender division of housework, it is important for women to try to change the way they perceive the stereotypical gender roles as well as for men to treat women equally.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.565-573
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• 2013

This study focused on the cultural differences between South Korea and the U.S. in terms of male consumers' sex role attitude and its influence on grooming and apparel shopping behavior. Purposive samples of American and South Korean males aged between 20 and 40 years were surveyed. The sample sizes were 219 and 233 for American and South Korean consumers, respectively. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 14.0. The results indicated that only grooming was influenced by the perceived femininity in the case of South Korean men; however, the model for American men indicated a significant positive influence of femininity on grooming and recreational apparel shopping behavior. In other words, American male consumers who perceive themselves feminine were more likely to be engaged in grooming and recreational apparel shopping behavior. On the other hand, for South Korean men, recreational apparel shopping behavior was not influenced by their sex role attitude, or whether they considered themselves feminine or masculine. This means that recreational apparel shopping behavior is a gender-specific behavior in the U.S., but not in South Korea. The findings of this study indicated that culture has influence on consumers' approach to shopping and appearance. South Korean male consumers were more likely to acknowledge themselves as being feminine, enjoy apparel shopping and grooming compared to American male consumers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.301-310
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of acculturative stress, ego-resilience, and gender role attitude of married migrant women on their marital satisfaction. For the study, a pre-survey was conducted in November 2015 and based on the result, the data collected in this survey over January 2016 through March 2016 was used. SPSS Win 21.0 program was utilized to proceed the analysis for the attributes of variables in marital satisfaction, correlation among variables, and hierarchical regression analysis. 274 subjects around the Multicultural Center users in Geonggi-do were selected as research targets and drew a conclusion as the following results. First, it showed that acculturative stress of married migrant women left a negative effect on the marital satisfaction and had the highest effect on it among the independent variables. Second, both ego-resilience and gender role attitudes influenced positively on the marital satisfaction of married migrant women. The need for program development to reduce acculturative stress and enhance ego-resilience was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.49
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• pp.155-172
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of children's personality traits and parental child-rearing attitudes on clothing attitudes and color evaluation of preschool children. The subjects for this study consisted of 360 five-year-old children who were attending a preschool and their parents in Cheju Island Korea. Employed mothers had significantly higher score on love acceptance attitude than unemployed mothers did. Female children had more conservative attitude on clothing sex-role than male children did There were no significant gender differences in parental child-rearing attitudes. There were significant relationships between gender and preferred clothing colors. Male children were more likely to prefer blue red, green, and prussian blue for the colors of clothing than were female children while female children liked pink yellow and orange more than male children. Boys selected blue and girls selected pink as the most preferred clothing color. Overall preschool children chose red as the most preferred color black as the most disliked color. The children's sex identification by clothing color was highly consistent with the conservative attitude of adults for all colors. That is preschool children identified pink red and yellow with female color while prussian blue blue and green with male color. Clothing interest of boys was influenced by the mother's state of employment and academic trait. The boys high in academic trait and whose mothers did not have job were high in clothing interest. Clothing management of boys was influenced by emotionality and love acceptance rearing Ttitude. Clothing independednce of boys was influenced by authority control rearing attitude Clothing sex-role of boys was influenced by familism trait. The boys high in familism trait had open-hearted attitude in clothing sex-role. Clothing interest of girls was influenced by academic trait clothing management by sociality clothing independence by emotionality and clothing satisfaction by familism trait. Therefore the more positive personality children had the higher clothing interest and the more desirable clothing attitudes they had.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.646-662
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• 2016

This study of elderly couples examined the main environmental factors affecting the married life satisfaction and life satisfaction of the spouses. The survey was conducted on 60-year-old elderly couples who live in the metropolitan area of Seoul and Gyeonggi. A total of 400 questionnaires were used to analyze the exception of a number of 12 388 additional missing data. The results were as follows. First, environmental factors affecting the marital satisfaction of spouses' personality suitability and gender role attitudes appeared in the economic conditions. Second, the spouses environmental factors affecting the life satisfaction turned out to be the gender role attitude, reliability and economic conditions. Third, the major environmental factors affecting both spouses married life satisfaction and life satisfaction was found to be the gender role attitude and economic conditions. Fourth, the environmental factors representing a moderating effect on the supporting spouse between environmental factors and life satisfaction appeared to be the personality suitability and economic conditions. These results suggest that the recent increases in the twilight divorce rate may be due to the marriage satisfaction and common factors of gender role attitudes. Therefore, to improve the lives and economic conditions as well as the satisfaction of the spouse, the support of important factors are needed to adjust the crisis of old age couples. Therefore, a relevant policy that targets elderly couples through counseling and education will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of the study were to investigate relationships among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' attitude, role perception, and nursing stress related to life sustaining treatment (LST), and secondly, to identify factors influencing nursing stress about LST. Methods: Participants were 202 conveniently sampled ICU nurses from general hospitals in Korea with over 300 beds. From December 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016, data were collected using structured questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to measure nursing stress related to LST. Content validity and reliability was established for the instrument. Results: Relationships were found between attitude and role perception, and between role perception and nursing stress about LST. Participants' role perception, gender, education level, and the experience of dealing with family members of patients receiving LST accounted for 13% of variance in nursing stress about LST. Conclusion: Results confirmed that ICU nurses' role perception affects nursing stress about LST. Accordingly, the nursing education programs related to LST should aim to enhance role perception of nurses, and strategies to reduce the nursing stress about LST of the nurses in ICU need to be further developed.