• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 2002

This is a study of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality among middle-aged adults. Thirty seven males and forty six females between the ages of 45 and 59 years old participated in this study Care-oriented morality was measured by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) while the justice-oriented morality was assessed using the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT). Sex role identification was interpreted by using the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). In terms of care-oriented morality, the majority of the subjects were at level 2. The P(%) score of justice-oriented morality was found to be a little low. We found a significant difference between genders in terms of care-oriented morality, with females exhibiting a higher care-oriented morality. However, there was no significant difference in sex role identity types in terms of care-oriented morality. Nor did we find a significant interaction effect between gender and sex role identity. There was no gender difference in justice-oriented morality, but there was a significant difference among sex role identity types. Masculine males Possess the highest justice-oriented morality. A significant interaction effect was found to exist between sex role identity and gender.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.399-414
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• 2017

Although previous studies have found that social participation activities are related to older people's life satisfaction and health status, the rate of social participation activities among older people is still low. The current study examined the relationship between age identity and social participation activities among older people and the extent to which this relationship differs by gender. Secondary data from the Survey of Living Conditions of Korean Older Persons were used to test the research hypothesis. Hierarchical multiple regression models were tested using a nationally representative sample of 10,451 community-dwelling older persons aged 65 and above. Older people who have older age identity were less likely to involve in social participation activities than those who have younger age identity. However, this relationship was only significant for older women. The findings suggest the need for attention to age identity and gender differences when promoting social participation activities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

This study aims to contribute to our knowledge on gender role identity of middle-aged women within the Korean context. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged women between 40-60 years old. We put each of 40 Q samples to become a forced distribution into 9 scales. And then we conducted a secondary analysis of the results from the principal component factor analysis by the PC QUANL program. Gender role identities of middle aged women were classified as four types: "affectionate-sensitive type", "affectionate-confident type", "assertive-confident type", and "sensitive-dominant type". Most of the middle-aged women in Korea tend to keep their original gender role identities. Some of women, however, experience the gender role identity change over time that their traits of traditional caring become more prominent than their affectionate character.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.401-412
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• 2020

This study was to determine differences and relations in nursing students' clinical practice stress and clinical competence by gender role identity. The study made a questionnaire survey of 450 nursing students of 2 colleges in J city, Gyeongnam, from June 1st to 30th, 2020. Data from 417 sheets were finally analyzed with descriptive statistics, χ2test, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, correlation and hierarchial regression analysis. The analysis found that most of the participants belonged to undifferentiated type(34.3%) in gender role identity. Clinical competence showed significantly different(F=20.98, p<.001), but clinical practice stress showed no significant difference depending on that identity(F=1.56, p=.199). Clinical competence had positive correlations with the index of masculinity(r=.397, p<.001) or the index of feminity(r=.325, p<.001), but had no with clinical practice stress(r=.061, p=.217). Gender role identity turned out to be a factor that would significantly influence clinical competence(F=6.67, p<.001). These findings suggest that gender role identity of nursing students should be confirmed prior to clinical practice education and, thereon, interventions for clinical competence improvement should be developed.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.329-339
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• 2000

I got the following result from the bibliographic study of disease in relation to sexual psychology. The results are follows. 1. Sexual disorder is divided sexual disfunction, paraphilias, gender identity disorder, homosexuality and that is subdivided fetishism, transvestic fetishism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyerism, sexual masochism, sexual sadism, frotteurism, gender identity disorder of childhood, gender identity disorder of youth and adult, intersexual disorders. 2. In korean oriental medicine mainly refer to sexual disfunction, and sexual psychological disorder include Hwajeon(花癲), Buinmongio(婦人夢交), Guabusani disease(寡婦師尼病). 3. Social psychologic cause and, oedipus complex, sexual hormone induce sexual psychological disorder but in korean oriental medicine, recognized sexual psychological disorder place under the category of sexual disfunction. 4. The latest medicine has various medical treatment in sexual disorder as avoidence conditioning, medication, role playing, behavior modification, psychoanalysis theraphy but in korean oriental medicine has only medication theraphy, so need more introduction of medical treatment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2003

This study investigated the relationships of care- and justice-oriented morality by gender and sex role identity among adolescents, and young and middle-aged adults. The subjects were 115 males and 125 females between 16 and 59 years of age. Instruments were the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI), the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT), and the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). Age was found to be a significant factor in both care-and justice-oriented morality; that is, young and middle-aged adults demonstrated higher care-oriented morality than adolescents. While, adolescents and young adults demonstrated higher justice-oriented morality than middle-aged adults. Females exhibited higher levels of care- and justice-oriented morality. A significant interaction effect was found between gender and age for justice-oriented morality.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.214-215
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• 2002

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.5 s.58
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• pp.790-803
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• 2005

This study purposes to examine the background of the sexual concept and femininity, masculinity and gender role in the fields of social psychology and cultural anthropology and investigate the traditional gender role and the fashion's changes according to its role and the examples of the masculinity and femininity expressed in the contemporary fashion and finally analyze the gender identity expressed in fashion. The image changes which appeared in the modern fashion can be considered to be Masculine Look, Garconne Look, Feminine Look, Unisex Look, Androgynous Look and Genderless Look. The Garconne Look caused lots of changes to masculinity in the 1920's along with the changes of femininity. With the effect of feminism, many females wore clothing which had been thought as male's clothing by the appearance of Masculine Look. The major formation reason of Unisex Look can be regarded as the attitude change of the society toward to females and a meaning which doesn't want the differences of the distinction of gender to appear any longer as a characteristic external factor is implied. Androgynous Look which appeared in the 1980's means the integration of femininity and masculinity which is the same meaning with 'androgyny' in itself, Not denying its gender characteristics individually, the Androgynous Look means that women aim at the masculine image in men's clothing or men do at the feminine image in women's clothing. Genderless Look can be considered to a look with a notion to wear clothing freely even in fashion transcending the border of masculinity and femininity differentiated socially and culturally.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.99-114
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• 2015

This study aims to find a way to realize gender identity in product design. After reviewing the present research, it was found out that it is necessary to extend notion of gender and to redefine the concept of gender design. Specific products were selected in order to analyze the characteristics of femininity. Refrigerators, which represent the femininity the best, were chosen and analyzed based on the graphic elements. As a result, the concept of gender have been used quite limitedly in a refrigerator. Since the stereotype of women has already been implicit, it was considered difficult to propose an alternative plan for realizing the extended concept of gender. Therefore, digital devices have been proposed for a potential alternative group. This product group, of course, has a limitation like the refrigerators. However, when functions, frequency of use, and use of space are considered in depth, It can be a possible group that holds the meaning of gender in design. This study is significant that it attempted to examine the possibility of convergence in identity and usability when the graphic elements of a product are constructed by gender design that considers the identity of a user through redefining the concept of gender.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.320-327
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of the gender role identity and quality of life of women applying hormone replacement therapy with hysterectomy and to identify the relation among these variables. Methods: The subjects were 121 outpatients applying hormone replacement therapy with hysterectomy at a university hospital in Busan province. The data were collected using self-reported questionnaire and medical record, from September to October 2008. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the degree of quality of life according to the age, educational level, occupation, family economic status, Body Mass Index (BMI), menopause state, duration to restarting intercourse from hysterectomy, discomfort from intercourse, satisfaction from intercourse and duration, sources, and formulation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The femininity identity group occupied the largest proportion (31.4%), and then the masculinity identity group (28.1%), the undifferentiated identity group (26.4%), and finally the androgyny identity group (14.1%). There was a positive correlation between femininity and quality of life (r=.276, p=.002). Conclusion: These results indicate that HRT helps the women's sense of loss caused by hysterectomy to be reduced, the postmenopausal symptom after hysterectomy to be relieved and the quality of life to be improved.