• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.152-161
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• 2013

This study is about the visual appreciation by sex with the analysis of time range of observing data which was got through observation experiment with the space of lobby in hospitals. The observation data of the subjects who observed the space include the frequency and time, through which the process of visual appreciation could be evaluated with the definition of the frequency and the time of observation. First, the fact that men had higher frequency of observation than women means the former had more movement than the latter, and another fact of their fewer times can be understood as the time of their staying was shorter. That is, even though the men had more movements of sight, they showed the feature of staying shorter. Second, the rate high and low of observation frequency and times made it possible for observation characteristics to be defined as 'intensive search' 'active search' 'fixed concentration' and 'search wandering.' The definition of understanding this process of visual appreciation can be available for a frame of effective analysis of observation characteristics according to the passage of time. Third, the intense search is the case of 'high frequency' having the feature of high visual appreciation owing to the active visual actions for acquiring information. Men were found to have more intense search which decreased gradually as time passed, while women showed the feature of many times of intense search. Fourth, it was found that with many observation data in a certain range of time the subjects had fixed concentration, where women were found to have repetitive fixed concentration along with the change of observation time while men were seen to have more observation tendency for fixed concentration. Fifth, at the cross tabulation of frequency and times, men had the feature of dispersed visual appreciation while women had more distinction between fixation and movement, which revealed that there is surely the difference between men and women in the process of visual appreciation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-67
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of Middle and High School Students' influential groups in putting on clothing according to their delinquency and demographic variables. My subject was 1050 middle and high school boys and girls who are resident in Seoul; sample groups were selected, considered their resident area, gender and the kind of school. The results are as follows: 1. The exemplary group was most regarded the opinion and evaluation of teacher, father and mother and followed the clothing of teacher. Compared with the exemplary group, the delinquent group was most regarded the opinion and evaluation of other and same sex friend and tended to follow their clothing style. Besides, the delinquent and middle groups were most regarded the opinion and evaluation of seniors and tended to follow their clothing style. The mass media star was most modelled by delinquent group, following by middle and exemplary groups. 2. Schoolgirls were more regarded the opinion and evaluation of same sex friend and senior and were more remarkable to follow the clothing style of their parent, friend, senior or mass media star than schoolboys. The students who did well at school more were regarded the evaluation of father, mother and same sex friend than those who did commonly or poorly. As for the exemplary group, the poorer a student did at school, the more he/she tended to follow the clothing style of mass media star, but on the contrary, as for the delinquent group, all students tended to follow the clothing style of mass media star regardless of their academic record. And there was no significant difference according to social status in important others and model group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1161-1174
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• 2011

An approach method of the semiotics theory is analyzing fashion: the look is that a sign represents one character and the image is interpreted as the destination of the changes. The fashion image interpretation by semiotics is possible because the fashion phenomenon by society has been accumulated in their abbreviation code. It is not possible to produce contradictions of the human imagination coined solution. The myth relieved to people, allowanced a meaning in the world and explained it have been unable to explain and protect us. Today's role of the world myth becomes the star's future. Public resting star's fashion image analysis promote that we understand the inherent desire. Madonna probably is one of the world's most famous women. To Create Madonna's own mythology staged image in various attire reveals symbolism. In this study, Madonna's fashion images, the myth 8 analysis of semiotics represent publicity. Madonna's album jacket 8 analysis of the myth. The fit and the relationship between the star and myths closely is obvious. The Madonna fashion image investigate that so forth implied myth into duality of feminine, upset of gender roles, upset of sexual roles, object of worship. In addition to the creation of these myths are based on sensuality heterosexual fashion images, body-conscious look, lingerie look, Androgynous Look, Dominatrix Look in the fashion style of the images, fashion items made to body suit, bra top, black panties, black boots, long gloves, pink, red, gold, satin, and leather; the addition, there are exaggerated props and accessories. These use such as the human body building wave blond hair. This study through Madonna's fashion image, semiotics analysis is acquainted with suitable means of myth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.8 s.145
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• pp.1136-1145
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to determine factors affecting sun protective behavior and intention to buy UV protective clothing among outdoor sport persons in Korea. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to mountain climbers, bikers and in-line skaters with a convenience sampling method. Two theoretical frameworks, health belief(HB) model and diffusion theory(DT) were used for the study. Based on HB model, sun protection behaviors(SPBs) were associated with cancer perception, perceived benefits, behavioral barriers and cues to actions based on the HB model. Based on DT model, intention to buy (ITB) was determined by an individual's perceived attributes of UV protective shirt. Appearance concern variables were added to the extended HB model. The extended DT model was proposed by adding the variables in the HB model and variables of appearance concern. Multiple regression analysis was applied. Results were as follows. First, perceived benefits, behavioral barriers, cues to action, and all three appearance concern variables as well as gender and age were significant determinants of SPB for Korean outdoor consumers. Second, relative advantage, compatibility, friability, behavioral barriers and cues to action with some appearance concern variables were significant in affecting intention to buy UV protective clothes. Extended HB model and extended DT model were useful to understand SPBs of Korean outdoor consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.641-649
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• 2016

Highly precision body measurements represent basic data required by industry and researches who wish to utilize information about the human body. The proficiency and expertise of the measurers have a significant influence on the error and accuracy of data when various parts from multiple subjects' bodies are measured. Therefore, in order to measure accurate body measurements (when measuring bodies directly), it is necessary to conduct objective analyses on errors. This study calculated the Relative Technical Error of Measurement (%TEM) using data that measured each of 24 subjects and discussed errors and methods to reduce errors by conducting comparison analysis based on measured items and objects. The result of analysis indicated that the errors based on age and gender of the objects of measurement were minor; however, there were comparatively distinct differences in measured errors based on measured items. 'Right and left Shoulder Angle' for all measured subjects displayed the greatest errors and standard deviations. 'Height' dimension, Lateral Malleolus Height and Head Height had big errors; in addition, 'Circumference', Neck Base Circumference and Armscye Circumference also had big errors. More careful measurements of such items with big errors require additional educational plan such as a proposal for more objective and detailed measurement methods. Items with small errors but big standard deviations such as Waist Circumference, Calf Circumference, Minimum Leg Circumference, Chest Circumference, Hip Circumference and Waist Circumference confirmed that errors for them greatly decreased with repeated experiments and resultant measurers increased proficiency; consequently, repeated measuring experiments for these items greatly enhance accuracy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.299-304
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• 2013

Culture contents are connected directly with our lives. Experts who produce culture contents or work at such industry or most of people regardless of age and gender are exposed to media contents like movie, game, animation, broadcasting and advertising. There are a number of users who use smart phones and smart pads which can view such media contents. The era of smart device which people easily surf, watch, and produce media contents will be opened. Therefore, the efficient curriculum for producing more touchable media contents should be developed continuously. Most of people recognize the necessity of educations to enhance creativity at university education. This paper intended to research the method of roles curriculum of university produce culture contents which stimulate emotion, creative and show new technology. This paper suggests academic curriculum for department of culture and contents based on the basics, even though new media device emerges the proper talents can be fostered.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.135-146
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• 2003

This study examines the relationship between instruction using ICT and the students' moral judgement and academic achievement in ethics course in a middle school, and analyses the difference of learning effects according to gender. For the purpose of this study, the two hypotheses are established. One is that there would be a significant difference in learning effect between ICT instruction groups and teacher-centered instruction groups. The other is that there would be a significant difference in learning effect between male groups and female groups. This study sampled 144 students of four classes from the first graders of a middle school in Taejon. For experimental treatment, this study designed two instructional programs: ICT-using instruction and teacher-centered instruction. ICT-using instruction program was applied to two classes(72 students), and teacher-centered instruction program to the other two classes(72 students). The experimental design of the study was the pretest-posttest control group design. As a result of this study, the ICT-using instruction program influenced positively the students' moral judgement and its improvement. Concerning the degree of academic achievement, there was no significant difference between the ICT-using groups and the teacher-centered groups. The sex distinction among ICT-using groups does not make any significant difference in the moral judgement and academic achievement.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2020

Objectives This report aimed to review literatures using extracorporeal shock wave with syndrome differentiation theory. Methods By March 3, 2020, five foreign electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CAJ) and six Korean medical electronic databases (KMBASE, KISTI, KISS, NDSL, DBpia, RISS) were reviewed with the key word 'extracorporeal shock wave' and 'syndrome differentiation'. We did not impose restrictions on age, gender, treatment methods, duration, results and the design of the paper. Results Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria. Seven papers used extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with syndrome differentiation theory and six out of seven papers treated urologic stones using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The other five papers used extracorporeal shock wave therapy with syndrome differentiation theory and four of them treated musculoskeletal disorders. However, the data of the characteristics of extracorporeal shock wave was insufficient. Conclusions After thorough review, it is considered to be meaningful to treat urologic stones and musculoskeletal disorders using extercorporeal shock wave with syndrome differentiation theory. However, some of the literatures were limited in their feasibility and reliability in terms of research design. In addition, the data regarding the strength of the extracorporeal shock wave applied on each acupoints was insufficient. Therefore, further study on the use of extracorporeal shock wave on acupoints should be conducted.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of forming a community in the school and to present the basic data necessary for the establishment of a social sustainable environment and space for future school space. In addition to a new awareness of time, it was carried out to help students understand the community forming space in the school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the formation process and characteristics of resting time community in the school. As a result of the analysis on the formation of community space in the school, there were many opinions that community space for social communication and interaction promotion in school is all without difference by gender and grade, and as a space which is considered to be most suitable as community space. A hallway alcove space, a small space adjacent to the classroom, and a multipurpose staircase. In addition, students wanted to make the communication activities such as meeting, communication, relaxation, and social exchange into the hall and corridor space in the corridor as the most desirable community space.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to classify the environmental awareness attitudes of university students and analyze their differences in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 236 college students living in Daegu City and Kyoungbuk province. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and t-test were used for data analysis. The findings were as follows. The environmental awareness attitudes had factors as recognizing the importance of environmental issues, purchase of eco-friendly products, public opinion legislation awareness, interests on eco-friendly product, and eco-friendly practice. Social support pursuit were found as marginal people support pursuit, emotional support pursuit, informational support pursuit, and problem-solving support pursuit. Apparel consumption behavior were found as planned purchase, social participation attitude, clothes recycling, life practice, low-price orientation, emphasis on designs, clothing-life practice, and consciousness over others. The environmental awareness attitudes of university students were classified into four groups of Consumers of Environment-Awareness, Consumers of Environment-interests, Consumers of Environment-practice, and Consumers of Low Environment-awareness. The groups showed significant difference in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Gender of university students showed significant differences the environmental awareness attitudes, social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. It is meaningful to find out the significant relationship in a social context between environment recognition and social support pursuit related by friends. This study also offered a basic information related to social support pursuit by the types of university students' environmental awareness attitude and consumption on clothing, which is necessary for environmental education and green consuming behavior.