• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.183-212
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• 1995

In order to investigate the influence of four Sasang prescriptions, $So{\breve{u}}min$ P'almunjat'ang(SPG), $So{\breve{u}}min$ Sltibimikwanjungt'ang(SSK), $T^{\prime}ae{\breve{u}}min$ $Chowis{\breve{u}}ngch^{\prime}{\breve{o}}ngt^{\prime}ang$(TCS), and $T^{\prime}ae{\breve{u}}min$ $Ch^{\prime}{\breve{o}}ngp^{\prime}yesagant^{\prime}ang$(TCP), on the activity of the autonomic nervous system in the rats exposed to noise and vibration stress, the contents of catecholamines in the urine, body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and stomach mucosa change were checked in this experiment. The results obtained were as follows; 1. On the 7th and 12th days from the beginning, the experimental indexes of the controled group were increased more than those of the normal group, and it meant that the noise and vibration stress induced an autonomic nervous system disorder in rats. 2. The urine-epinephrine contents in all experimental groups were decreased more than in the controled group, and in the Tcs and the Tcp groups those were significantly decreased on the 7th and 12th days. 3. The urine-norepinephrine contents in the SPK, TCS, and the TCP groups were significantly decreased on the 7th day, and in the TCS and the SPG groupsthose were significantly decredsed on the 12th day. 4. The urine-dopamine contents in the TCS group were significantlly decreased on the 12th day. 5. The body temperaature was decreased significantly in the SPG and the SSK groups on the 7th day. 6. The heart rate was significantly decreased in the SPG group on the 7th day, and it was decreased significantly in the SPG and the SSK groups on the 12th day. 7. The blood pressure was decreased in ghe SPG group significantly on the 7th day. 8. The stomach mucosa remarkably recovered from gastric ulcers in the SPG group and significantly recorvered in the other groups on the 7th day. From the above findings, th could be assumed that Taeumin and Soumin prescriptions had some significant influence on the control of the autonomic nervous system in the rats that recieved stress.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.343-358
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• 2013

Objectives This study aimed to observe the effect of Hyangsayangwi-tang on the cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal dysfunctions in rats. Methods Four groups(each of 8 rats per group) were used in this study. Saline and distilled water treated control rats are Intact vehicle control group. Delayed gatrointestinal mortility was induced by intraperitoneal treatment of cisplatin 2mg/kg, once a week for 5 weeks(Cisplatin control group). Hyangsayangwi-tang aqueous extracts(HY) were orally administered in a volume of 5ml/kg, once a day for 14 days from 4th ciplatin treatmernt(HY group). Ondansetron 1mg/kg was subcutaneously treated, in a volume of 1ml/kg, as same as HY(ondansetron group). We measured the body weights, intestinal charcoal transit ratio, fecal parameters, fundus MDA, GSH contents and SOD, CAT activities, TPH and MAO activities, pyloric gastrin and serotonin contents with their immunoraective cells, colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells, the histopathology of pylorus, fundus mucosa and colon. Results and Conclusions (1) The body weight gains, the small intestinal charcoal transfer rates, the fecal parameters(numbers, weights and water contents) were increased in HY, ondansetron group. (2) The inhibit of fundus antioxidant defense systems by cisplatin were decreased in HY, ondansetron group. (3) The pyloric TPH activities were increased and the pyloric MAO activities were decreased in HY group. (4) The pyloric gastric contents and the gastrin-immunoreactive cells were increased in HY group. And the pyloric serotonin contents and the pyloric and colonic serotonin-immunoreactive cells were decreased in HY group. (5) The pyloru atrophic changes and the gastric surface erosive damage regions by cisplatin were favorably inhibited by treatment of HY. HY, a representative Soeumin prescription improve GI dysfunctions and constipation retarded by cisplatin through modulations of GI enterochromaffin cells, serotonin and gastrin-producing cells and antioxidative systems. Especially HY showed the highest favorable effects more than those of ondansetron.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2351-2360
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• 2016

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection is an important aspect of many upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The Thailand Consensus on H. pylori treatment 2015 consisted of 22 national experts who took active roles, discussed all important clinical information and investigated clinical aspects in four workshops, focuising on: (1) Diagnosis (2) Treatment (3) Follow-up after eradication and (4) H. pylori infection and special conditions. Experts were invited to participate on the basis of their expertise and contribution to H. pylori works and/or consensus methodology. The results of each workshop were taken to a final consensus vote by all experts. Recommendations were developed from the best evidence and availability to guide clinicians in management of this specific infection associated with variety of clinical outcomes.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-76
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• 1988

In order to know the distribution, relative frequencies, types and morphology, endocrine cells in the intestinal tract of the hedgehog(Erinaceus koreanus) were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Two kinds of endocrine cells were demonstrated with two specific staining methods. Argyrophil cells(reactive cells for Grimelius method) were found most frequently in the intestinal region, and were infrequent in the rectum, whereas argentaffin cells (reactive cells for Masson-Hamperl method) were found most frequently in the rectum and in the other legions were infrequent. These reacting cells were mainly found in the intestinal glands, whereas a small number in the mucosa. 2. Twelve kinds of endocrine cells, gastrin(Gas)-, somatostatin (Som)-, serotonin(5-HT)-, glucagon(Glu)-, bovine pancreatic polypeptide(Bpp)-, cholecystokinin(Cck)-, secretin(Sec)-, motilin(Mot)-, glicentin(Gli)-, gastric inhibitor polypeptide(GIp)-, substance P(Sp)-, and neurotensin(Neu)-immunoreactive cells, were identified by immunohistochemical method. Gas-, Som-, 5-HT-, Glu-, Cck-, Sec-, Mot-, Gli-, Sp-, and Neu-reactive cells were observed in the duodenum, and among these Gas- and 5-HT-reactive cells were moderately found while the others were infrequent. In the jejunoileum Gas-, Som-, 5-HT-, Glu-, Cck-, Mot-, Gli-, GIp-, SP-, and Neu-reactive cells were found, and among these 5-HT- and GIp-reactive cells were moderately found while the others were infrequent. In the colon Sec-reactive cell was not detected. 5-HT-reactive cells were found most frequently and the others were infrequent in this region. 5-HT-, Bpp-, GIi- and Neu-reactive cells were found in the rectum. Among these 5-HT-reactive cells were found most frequently. 3. Electron microscopically, five types of endocrine cells, EC, ECL, D, G, A-like cell, were identified in the intestinal region. EC and ECL cells in the duodenum, EC, D and G cells in the jejuno-ileum, EC and A-like cells in the colon and EC cell in the rectum were observed respectively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.108-111
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• 2014

A 7-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was referred for chronic intermittent vomiting. The frequency of vomiting increased recently, and the cat showed anorexia at presentation. There were no remarkable abnormalities on the blood analyses and diagnostic imaging. However, the endoscopic examination revealed focal erosions of the gastric body mucosa, and subsequent multiple biopsies were obtained. Histopathologic examination indicated mild to moderate lymphocytic gastritis. The vomiting was completely disappeared 7 days after the administration with prednisolone (PDS). However, because of side effects caused by the long-term PDS administration, cyclosporine was added on the prescription with tapered dose of PDS. The dog's condition improved with continued cyclosporine treatment, and no further vomiting and anorexia episodes have been noted. This case describes the successful management with administration of cyclosporine in feline lymphocytic gastritis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2999-3001
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• 2015

Background: This study aimed to evaluate upper gastrointestinal polyps detected during esophago-gastroduodenoscopy tests. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on data regarding 55,987 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy tests performed at the endoscopy unit of Istanbul Education and Research Hospital between January 2006 and June 2012. Results: A total of 66 upper gastrointestinal polyps from 59 patients were analyzed. The most common clinical symptom was dyspepsia, observed in 41 cases (69.5%). The localizations of the polyps were as follows: 29 in the antrum (43.9%), 15 in the corpus (22.7%), 11 in the cardia (16.7%), 3 in the fundus (4.54%), 3 in the second portion of the duodenum (4.54%), 2 in the bulbus (3.03%) and 3 in the lower end of the esophagus (4.54%). Histopathological types of polyps included hyperplastic polyps (44) (66.7%), faveolar hyperplasia (8) (12.1%), fundic gland polyps (4) (6.06%), squamous cell polyps (4) (6.06%), hamartomatous polyps (3) (4.54%), and pyloric gland adenoma (3) (4.54%). Histopathological analysis of the gastric mucosa showed chronic atrophic gastritis in 30 cases (50.84%), HP infection in 33 cases (55.9%) and intestinal metaplasia in 19 cases (32.20%). In 3 cases with multiple polyps, adenocarcinoma was detected in hyperplastic polyps. Conclusions: Among polypoid lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract, the most common histological type is hyperplastic polyps. Generally, HP infection is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. The incidence of adenocarcinoma tends to be higher in patients with multiple hyperplastic polyps.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1995

The incidence of Meckel's diverticulum(MD) in general population has been assessed as 2 percent. The major complications of MD are bleeding, perforation, and intestinal obstruction. In spite that the complication rate of Meckel's diverticulum is relatively high(about 4.2% during a lifetime), the preoperative diagnostic rate of complicated MD is very low. Authors investigated the clinical characteristics of complicated MD to improve the diagnostic rate. 16 patients with complicated Meckel's diverticulum who were operated upon at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital from June 1985 to December 1993 were reviewed. Among the 16 patients with complicated MD, 12 patients(75%) were under 2 year-old and male were predominant(88%). The most common complication was bleeding patients with bleeding MD (8 cases) were diagnosed preoperatively as MD. 8 patients with other complications(perforation : 4 cases, obstruction : 4 cases) could not be suspected as complicated MD except one patient who had previous history of melena. These patients were diagnosed after exploratory laparotomy under the various impression other than MD. Among 12 patients with ulcer related complications such as bleeding and perforation, heterotopic gastric mucosa was found in 11 patients. In conclusion, in any children with unexplained acute abdomen, especially under 2 years old, complicated MD must be included in differential diagnosis. In children with obscure lower gastrointestinal bleeding, $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate scintigraphy is a useful diagnostic tool to rule out bleeding MD.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2010

Intestinal duplication cysts are characterized by the attachment to some part of the gastrointestinal tract with which a blood supply is shared, and have an epithelial lining resembling some part of the alimentary tract. A 15-month-old female was admitted to our hospital with cyclic irritability, vomiting, and blood-tinged stool. The results of an ultrasound showed an ileocolic intussusception and a 1.3 cm cystic mass had double-wall sign and a Y-configuration with an adjacent ileal loop. She had a past history of two ileocolic intussusceptions. The cystic mass was considered to be a pathologic lead point, so resection and end-to-end anastomosis was performed. The gross and histologic evaluation of the specimen demonstrated a $2.4{\times}2.4$ cm cystic mass containing yellow mucoid fluid and the cyst wall was lined with intestinal and gastric mucosa and enclosed by a layer of muscle, which was shared with the adjacent ileum.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.996-1003
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the effect of promoting gastrointestinal function and inhibiting of decreasing body temperature of ginger extract(Zingiber officinale) in rats. In order to elucidate the gastrointestinal function and inhibiting effect of body temperature of native ginger and improved ginger, water extracts of ginger were orally administrated into rats. The results are as follows: The gastrointestinal transit time was significantly decreased in native ginger(7.66hrs) and improved ginger(7.72hrs) extract administrated groups compare to control group(8.44hrs). The mean red faecal weight was increased in native ginger(30.6%) and improved ginger(31.1%) extract administrated groups compare to control group(24.9%) for 24hrs. Inhibiting effect of decreasing body temperature induced by serotonin was increased in native ginger($1.116^{\circ}C$) and improved ginger($1.416^{\circ}C$) extract administrated groups compare to positive control group($0.384^{\circ}C$) during 40 minutes. Gastrin and CGRP immunoreactive density was more strongly expressed in native ginger and improved ginger extract administrated groups compare to control group. Serotonin immunoreactive density was more weakly expressed in native ginger and improved ginger extract administrated groups compare to control group. These results suggest that ginger extracts may enhance physiological activity such as gastrointestinal motility, protection of mucosa and gastric acid secretion in gastrointestinal tracts, and inhibits decreasing body temperature

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2002

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) occurs in approximately 2 % of the population. The major complications of MD are bleeding, intestinal obstruction, infection and perforation. Perforation is the least common but most serious complication, the incidence od which is about 5-10 %. The causes of perforation are inflammatory diverticulitis and peptie ulceration. the purpose of study is to review the characteristics of perforated MD in children. Six patients with perforated MD who had been operated upon at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital from April 1984 to July 2001 were included. Male predominated in a ratio of 5:1 and there were 2 neonates. The chief complaints were abdominal pain and distension. Half of the children showed a past history of bloody stools. The average age was 4 year and 9 months. The mean distance from the ileocecal valve to the diverticulum was 60 cm. Average length of the diverticulum was approximately 3 cm and width was 1.7 cm. The perforation site was the tip of the diverticulum in 3 cases, the base in 2 cases and along the lateral border in one. In two patients, ectopic gastric mucosa was found in the specimen. All of the patients were operated upon with a diagnosis of peritonitis of unknown etiology. In conclusion, when a child shows symptoms of acute abdomen or peritonitis, especially in boys, with the history of bloody stools and episodic abdominal pain, perforated MD should be suspected.