• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

To investigate the combination dyeing properties of natural dyes, the combination dyeing using gallnut,-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood, and gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia was performed on bast fiber of mulberry, cotton, silk, and their K/S values, colors, and sunlight fastness were measured. The gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia dyeing showed the highest K/S values when the dyeing concentration of gallnut is 3%. It tended to show the higher K/S values than gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood. The silk showed the highest values of in K/S, and then followed by cotton, and bast fiber of mulberry. The mordants developed different colors on the bast fiber and the cotton treated with gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood. However, the silk showed a series of YR, showing no effect of the mordants on the development of color. The combination dyeing of gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia showed a series of Y. The results showed that sappan wood could develop various colors but gardenia could develop a series of Y. No distinct improvement on sunlight fastness of the combination dyeing was observed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.2 s.92
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• pp.237-243
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• 2006

This study investigated the development of increased health promotion and higher quality of Gardenia jasminoides noodles. Gardenia jasminoides powder was extracted with water and 70% ethanol, after which their electron donating ability (EDA) and nitrite scavenging ability (NSA) were tested. EDA at $300{\sim}1,000$ ppm of water extract ranged from 65% to 86% and that of ethanol extract from 69% to 91%. NSA of water extract was 79% and ethanol extract was 88% at 1,000 ppm both peaked at pH 1.2. NSA was increased with increasing concentration of extracts and decreasing pH. The quality characteristics of Gardenia jasminoides noodles were evaluated by shelf life, color and sensory evaluation. Total viable cells in Gardenia jasminoides noodles during storage at 5? were $0.2{\sim}0.3$ log cycles, which were lower than those of the control and the shelf-life was expanded. Redness (a) of the dried and cooked noodles was decreased with increasing Gardenia jasminoides concentration (p<0.05). Yellowness (b) of the noodles was increased with increasing Gardenia jasminoides concentration in both the dried and cooked noodles. In sensory evaluation, dried and cooked noodles with $0.2{\sim}0.3%$ Gardenia jasminoides powder d significantly higher scores in overall acceptability(p<0.05).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.288-294
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• 2019

Gardenia jasminoides is an herbal medicine that treats obesity and dampness-phlegm. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Gardenia jasminoides on insulin resistance induced by Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into three groups: control group (Ctrl), high-fat diet group (HFF), and high fat diet with Gardenia jasminoides extract administration group (GJT). Each 10 mice was allocated to each group (a total of 30 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat-rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of Gardenia jasminoides, we observed weight changes, lipid blot distributions, PPAR-${\gamma}$, p-IkB, p-JNK in liver tissue, total cholesterol, and glucose levels in serum. Comparing of body weight measurements between 3 groups, in the GJT group, weight gain was significantly suppressed compared to the HFF group. The distribution of lipid blots and positive reaction of PPAR-${\gamma}$ were significantly lower in GJT group. The expression levels of p-$I{\kappa}B$ and p-JNK that plays critical roles in the development of insulin resistance were significantly decreased by GJ treatment. Total cholesterol and glucose levels in serum were also significantly lower in GJT group. Gardenia jasminoides has the effect of improving non - alcoholic fatty liver induced insulin resistance through the regulation of lipid metabolism.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 1994

An antioxidant activity of Gardenia Fruit (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) which has been used for food coloring was studied. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring lipid peroxide produced when a mouse liver homogenate was exposed to the air at $37^{\circ}C$, using 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA). Both water and methanol extracts of Gardenia Fruit showed the antioxidant activity. On solvent fractionation, the antioxidant activity was removed into the ethyl acetate and butanol soluble fractions. And the final water soluble fraction also showed the antioxidant activity in the low concentration, but it promoted the lipid peroxidation in the high concentration. Two compounds (I and II) having the antioxidant activity were isolated from the butanol fraction, and compound I also occurred in the ethyl acetate fraction. The antioxidant activity of compound II was more potent than that of I. By analyzing data for UV, IR and $^1H-NMR$, compounds I and II were identified as geniposide and crocin, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.319-323
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• 1998

Conversion of Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment into blue-green pigment by 8 bacterial species was examed. Bioconversion pattern can be categorized into three types according to absorption spectra characteristics. The same pattern of the value of ${\Delta}E$ estimated by color differencemeter was also observed. Conversion rate by S. epidermidis was faster than other bacterial species. It took 16 hour for S. epidermidis to convert pigment at $37^{\circ}C$. Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment and conversion pigment were completely separated by Amberlite XAD column chromatography with $H_2O-MeOH$ solvent system. Storage stability of the conversion pigment was better than Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1386-1391
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• 1999

The methanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis showed antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts. The extract was successively purified with solvent fractionation, silica gel adsorption column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, octadecylsilane column chromatography. The purified active substance was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated compound was 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid which was determined by mass spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, $^{1}H-nuclear$ magnetic resonance, $^{13}C-nuclear$ magnetic resonance and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. The content of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid was $32.7\;{\mu}g/g$ in dried fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.106-109
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• 1999

Storage stability of the blue-green pigment, which was converted from Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment by Staphylococcus epidermides and Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment, were investigated at various conditions of light, temperature, inorganic ion and pH, The factors that cause the discoloration were light and temperature $(above\;40^{\circ}C)$. The effects of light and temperature on storage stability of blue-green pigment were less than those of Gardenia jasminoides yellow pigment. Also, the effect of light was decreased by using green filter. There were no significant effects of pH and inorganic ion on both pigments.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.239-244
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• 2004

On the whole the various medium colors were developed by repeat dyeing with different colorants after dyeing with one colorant in case of natural dyeing. In this study, in order to obtain various colors on wool fabrics with Gardenia and Sappan wood colorants, pre-mordanting and combination dyeing were carried out. Gardenia and Sappan wood used as natural colorants for combination dyeing showed good miscibility in dye bath, Metal compounds containing alum, copper and iron were used for pre-mordants. The various medium colors such as yellow-red were obtained according to various metal compounds for pre-mordants and various mixing portion of these natural colorants. The surface reflactance spectra and color characteristics of wool fabrics by mordanting and combination dyeing were investigated.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1799-1804
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• 2012

Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa activities for ethanol extract of 34 medicinal plants widely used in the folk medicine were evaluated to screening of anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa agents. The ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides, Arctium lappa, Citrus unshiu, and Phellodendron amurense showed antimicrobial activities against P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides among these medicinal plants showed significant antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa. Therefore, we expect that these medicinal plants will be useful for nature antimicrobial agent against P. aeruginosa in future.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate combination dyeing of the cationized cotton with natural colorants extracted from Gardenia and Sappan wood extract using methanol. To improve dyeing properties of cotton with natural dye, cotton fabric was preheated with cationizing agent containing chlorohydrine group in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. On the whole the various medium colors were developed by repeat dyeing with different colorants after dyeing with one colorant in case of natural dyeing, In this study, however in order to obtain various colors on cationized cotton fabrics with natural dyes, pre-mordanting and combination dyeing were carried out. The various colors were obtained according to various metal compounds for pre-mordants and various mixing portion of Gardenia and Sappan wood. Metal compounds containing alum, copper and iron were used for pre-mordants.