• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2018

본 연구는 제주의 휴양림 지역을 중심으로 16개 지점을 정해서 일간 별에 따른 대기질 중의 음이온과 양이온수를 측정하여 그 분포와 변이에 대한 연구가 목적이었다. 측정 평균수의 범위는 제일 낮은 제주시 4449.35 ions/cm³, 제일 높은 천지연폭포는 3471.25 ions/cm³ 의 범주로 나타났다. 순서로 보면, 제일 낮은 제주시< 함덕 < 1100 m < 농장 < 교래A < 사려니 < 절물 < 교래B < 거문오름 < 제주시< 한라 숲길 < 한라산 수목원 < 성판악 < 동백산 < 정방 < 원양< 천지연 순이었다. 고도순으로 측정치의 음이온 본 연구는 제주의 휴양림 지역을 중심으로 16개 지점을 정해서 일간 별에 따른 대기질 중의 음이온과 양이온수를 측정하여 그 분포와 변이에 대한 연구가 목적이었다. 측정 평균수의 범위는 제일 낮은 제주시 4449.35 ions/cm³, 제일 높은 천지연폭포는 3471.25 ions/cm³의 범주로 나타났다. 순서로 보면, 제일 낮은 제주시< 함덕 < 1100 m < 농장 < 교래A < 사려니 < 절물 < 교래B < 거문오름 < 제주시< 한라 숲길 < 한라산 수목원 < 성판악 < 동백산 < 정방 < 원양 < 천지연 순이었다. 고도순으로 측정치의 음이온수치 함량의 차이를 일정하게 차이를 보이지는 않았으나, 통계적으로는 유의한 차이(p<.001)가 있었다. 양이온 평균수가 낮은 천지연폭포는 90 ions/cm³, 제일 높게 나타난 한라산 수목원의 수는 729.8 ions/cm³이었으며, 그 차이는 729.8 ions/cm³로 높게 나타났다. 높은 순서로 보면 제일 낮은 천지연 < 1100 m < 동백산 < 제주시 < 사려니 < 원양 < 성판악 < 함덕 < 정방 < 교래B < 절물 < 농장 < 교래A < 한라산 숲길 < 거문오름 < 한라수목원 순으로 측정되었다. 음양이온 모두 지형적으로 낮은 지대와 높은 지역은 함량이 낮게 측정되었다. 음이온과 양이온 및 고도의 분산분석에서 측정지역 간의 함량차이는 모두 유의성이 있었고, 또한 음이온과 양이온의 함량차이도 유의성이 있었으며, 고도와의 차이도 모두 유의성이 있었다. 상기의 음이온, 양이온 함량과 고도와의 요인간의 상관관계분석에서도 정적인 상관관계가 유의하게 나타났다(r=.396, p<001). 결론적으로 본 연구는 제주도 지역의 곶자왈 대기질 중의 이온의 분포에 대한 기초 연구로서 삼림욕을 통한 건강관리에 중요한 정보를 제공하고 있다. 수치함량의 차이를 일정하게 차이를 보이지는 않았으나, 통계적으로는 유의한 차이(p<.001)가 있었다. 양이온 평균수가 낮은 천지연폭포는 90 ions/cm³, 제일 높게 나타난 한라산 수목원의 수는 729.8 ions/cm³ 이었으며, 그 차이는 729.8 ions/cm³ 로 높게 나타났다. 높은 순서로 보면 제일 낮은 천지연 < 1100 m < 동백산 < 제주시 < 사려니 < 원양 < 성판악 < 함덕 < 정방 < 교래B < 절물 < 농장 < 교래A < 한라산 숲길 < 거문오름 < 한라수목원 순으로 측정되었다. 음양이온 모두 지형적으로 낮은 지대와 높은 지역은 함량이 낮게 측정되었다. 음이온과 양이온 및 고도의 분산분석에서 측정지역 간의 함량차이는 모두 유의성이 있었고, 또한 음이온과 양이온의 함량 차이도 유의성이 있었으며, 고도와의 차이도 모두 유의성이 있었다. 상기의 음이온, 양이온 함량과 고도와의 요인간의 상관관계분석에서도 정적인 상관관계가 유의하게 나타났다(r=.396, p<001). 결론적으로 본 연구는 제주도 지역의 곶자왈 대기질 중의 이온의 분포에 대한 기초 연구로서 삼림욕을 통한 건강관리에 중요한 정보를 제공하고 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 1983

The XI World Congress on fertility and sterility was held during 26th June-2nd July 1983, in Dublin, Ireland. The general view and impression of the congress are as follows. Scientific Programme 1. Main sessions were consisted of a keynote speaker 30 minutes with 4 supporting speakers for 20 minutes each, followed by discussion between the panelist and audience. 2. Related communication sessions were consisted of a series of 10 minutes papers and 5 minutes discussion. 3. Workshop sessions had a free wheeling time-table of audience/expert interaction, subjects concerned day to day practicalities of fertility and sterility. 4. Special symposium sessions had contributed from a number of invited experts in a particular field under discussion. 5. National society symposium sessions were organised and ran by fertility societies affiliated to IFFS. 6. Meet-the-authnr poster sessions, Film and Video sessions, Medical and industrial exhibitions are also introduced here. Business Programme 1. The meeting of executive and scientific commitees IFFS were held on June 26th, July 1st, and general assembly on June 28th, and July 1st. 2. Accreditation : IFFS Dublin 83, is recognised for 32 cognates formal learning by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Social Programme 1. Dublin city orientation tour, welcome reception, Opening and closing ceremonies, evening of traditional Irish entertainment, Irish night at Powercourt Town-house Center, the banquet, State reception-(hosted by Minister of Health and Social secretary at Dublin Castle, and by the Lord Mayor of Dublin at National Concert Hall)-are introduced briefly in this paper. 2. The congress tour;, such as Georgian Dublin and shopping tour, Garden of Ireland tour, Boyne Valley tour and Curragh of Kildare tour were prepared during congress. 3. After closing the congress, for some of delegates an opportunity to sample, A taste of Dublin, such as Abbey theater, Abbey tavern and Jury's Cabaret etc were available.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2009

일반인들의 접근이 통제되며 도시의 기반시설의 역할을 하던 신월정수장은 서남권의 대표적인 테마체험형 공원으로 조성된다. 도시민에게 휴식공간을 제공할 뿐 아니라 정수장이라는 특수한 기존 성격을 공원 조성에 적극적으로 반영하여 재활용함으로써 도시공원의 새로운 모델을 제시한다. 주변 도시구조와의 단절로 인한 밀집된 주거지의 다양한 요구를 수용할 수 없는 공간구조를 가지고 있으며, 도시속의 섬처럼 떠다니고 있다. 중요한 자원 요소인 숲을 공원의 한 요소로 생각하고 적극적으로 주변 도시구조와 연결하였으며, 도시 공원의 경계를 열고 확장하여 도시민들의 다양한 요구를 수용하고 변화에 유연하게 대처할 수 있는 공원구조를 제안하고자 한다. 장소와 재료를 활용한 계획으로는 기존의 침전조는 몬드리안 정원으로 여과조는 문화센터로 기존연못은 생태적 연못과 소리분수로 기존관사지역은 열린풀밭(Open Green Field)으로 설계하였다.

• Architectural research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2007

The objective of this research study was twofold; 1) to explore and identify health supportive design factors in Swedish elderly care homes and 2) to understand their usefulness and suggest implication in Korean elderly care settings. A descriptive and explorative method was applied using a combination of field studies and semi-structured interviews. Three study trips were carried out during Sept. $14^{th}$ and Oct. $12^{th}$ 2005; two facilities situated in Stockholm suburbs and one in the south of Sweden. According to this research, the valuable factors to support health and well-being for the elderly are as follows; 1) Community integration: These elderly care homes are generally places close to a residential area center or a city center. Services are often shared between residents and community members at large, consequently there is a flow of "visitors" of all ages connecting with the facility on a daily basis. 2) Homelike environment: A noteworthy aspect of Swedish elderly care homes is keeping the facility appearance as homelike as possible. The associations with home may be explored through the appearance and configuration of both the exterior and interior of the building. These homes seemed to be designed with a conscious aim to create a homelike setting. 3) Small scale approach: Clustering of resident rooms is one method through which the small scale approach can be achieved in larger facilities. With unit clusters, the facility can foster opportunities for social interactions among resident. 4) Accessibility to garden and nature: The courtyard is a well developed concept in planning elderly care homes in Sweden. They are generally safe and easily accessible to the residents. Studying Swedish models may provide practical knowledge of how the physical setting may improve resident's health in Korean elderly care homes.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.315-319
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• 2014

Mean densities of two-spotted spider mite (TSM), Tetranichus urticae Koch adults from January to April in 2014 to investigate the occurrence and dispersion pattern of T. urticae on purpose of developing a monitoring method in the strawberry PVC house. Difference of density of T. urticae adult on middle and both side of leaf wasn't significantly. Density of T. urticae in investigation at different furrows and investigating points was the highest at the right and left sides of a furrow in strawberry PVC house. In results of comparing the dispersion incides of Taylor's power law (TPL) with Iwao's patchiness regression (IPR), TPL described better mean-relationship for the dispersion indieces compared to IPR. Slopes and intercepts of TPL from leaf samples did not differ among surveyed regions. Also, Distribution of T. urticae in a strawberry PVC house was the gravitation of the distribution because b and ${\beta}$ values of TPL and IPR was bigger than 1.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to improve productivity of architectural space planning(A.S.P,) by computer system and to optimize ASP. A searching algorithm is the best way to slave optimized A.S.P. Because architectural design is too many various site situations and client's demands to specify the general solving methods. This method seek the best design case in all possibility and to be modeled as this; Seongbukgu's case that is city structure former times negative by in facilities utilization of the near street limit. But, case of Gangnamgu and Songpagu is thought that environment and utilization etc. of area life of old people are affinity with quality of life environment of old people when see that is using various area facilities using electric railway and a bus etc. actively. It is looked by the other that individual's special quality uses area facilities according to life partner's existence and nonexistence and family composition and existence and nonexistence of profession and distinction of sex. Show difference of external behavior according to public garden and market and supermarket and welfare facilities etc.'s location in dwelling environment of area and relation about facilities of area has been formed and old people and dwelling environment of area can know that is that do interaction. Environment that access about facilities may have to be easy, and can live that communicating closely with area's inhabitantses may have to consist so that old people may can run various external life.. Notions of the evaluated value is an profit(+) and expense(-) that decide design intention. To adapt real planning, 1. A raster type space cell has logical site informations. 2. To be evaluate various factor. 3. To reflect operator's design mind, they should add an extra weight on evaluated value.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2007

Unlike conventional roof landscaping, where various kinds of plants and structures are employed, a grass roof is a roof on which herbaceous plants are grown in planting medium and which is not accessed or maintained, mainly because it doesn't have sufficient load capacity to support a regular roof garden. They are mostly built on existing roofs, whether flat slab or gabled. Planting on roofs has numerous advantages, such as creating a biotope, purifying urban air, adding moisture to the atmosphere, storing rain water, preventing flash floods, reducing energy use for heating and air conditioning, enhancing the urban landscape and providing relaxation to the city dwellers, not to mention the alleviation of global warming by absorbing $CO_2$. In addition to the general merits of roof planting, the grass roof has its own unique qualities. Only herbaceous species are planted on the roof, resulting in light weight which allows roofs of existing buildings to be planted without structural reinforcement. The species chosen are mostly short, tough perennials that don't need to be maintained. These conditions provide an ideal situation where massive planting can be done in urban areas where roofs are often the only and definitely the largest space available to be planted. If roofs are planted on a massive scale they can play a significant role in alleviating global warming, heat island effects and energy shortages. Despite the advantages of grass roofs, there are some problems. The most significant problem is the invasion of neighboring plants. They may be brought in with the planting medium, by birds or by wind. These plants have little aesthetic value comparing to the chosen species and are usually taller. Eventually they dominate and prevail over the original species. The intended planting design disappears and the roof comes to look wild. Since the primary value of a grass roof is ecological, a change in attitude towards what constitutes beauty on the roofscape is necessary. Instead of keeping the roof neat through constant maintenance, people must learn that the wild grass with bird's nests on their roof is more beautiful as it is.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2006

This study was conducted as a survey to find out middle-aged persons's housing preferences for a future elderly housing and to grasp background characteristics of persons influencing the preferences and the effect of elderly's aging situations on the changes of their preferences. A sample of 300 middle-aged people was selected purposely from parents of university students living in Gwang-ju city. Questionnaires were administered to parents by students and analysed with SPSS Windows 10 program. Middle-aged persons's housing preferences were differed according to elderly's aging situations, in the case of healthy situation, they tended to prefer to stay present house without their children in irrespective to couple or single, whereas in the case of unhealthy situation, they tended to prefer to live with their children. and couples showed preferences for planned housing for the elderly and singles showed preferences for elderly housing facilities with care services. The most important characteristics of elderly housing among middle-aged people was a places where they can enjoy leisure and provide home-help services, located in the suburbs. Also middle-aged persons were likely to prefer to a green spaces such as garden, path for walking, and madang for the elderly housing. Needs for community care services (NCCS) were required above the average. Among the items of NCCS, a visiting medical examination was the most demanding, and a visiting nursing services, a emergency calling bell, and home repairs were sequently followed in the level of needs. The characteristics of the elderly housing which preferred to and needs for community care services were influenced by middle-aged persons's age, gender, subjective evaluation of economic abilities, tenure status, the cost of living, and the size of housing. This findings suggests that it must to be considered to develop various types of the elderly housing depending on socioeconomic status.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2014

Early 20th century Singapore was faced with the problem of overcrowding. The attendant problems of a rapid increase in population density, namely the lack of proper housing and sanitation, resulted in the issue of an appropriate residential environment emerging as an important task in urban planning. It was necessary to construct housing estates in order to solve this issue. At that time, the British colonial government attempted to transplant modern technology into the construction process of a residential complex system. However, Singapore's climate and traditional lifestyle made it impossible to apply the British modern system in a straightforward manner, and in the process, a number of transformations emerged. With a specific focus on the Tiong Bahru estate, one of Singapore's representative public housing projects, from the 1930s through the 1950s, this study intends to look at the way in which such residential estates were assimilated into local surroundings, and the effect of the transplantation of British concepts of modern housing theory. Therefore, the study is divided into an examination of the estate both before and after the turning point of World War II. This study confirms that the difference between the pre-war and post-war planning strategies for the Tiong Bahru estate were made according to the concept of 'open space.'

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

This study examined and investigated architectural characteristics such as the use of buildings, the number of layers, and structure, and roof landscape characteristics such as roof types, materials, and color in rural villages which were located on the street on the assumption that the landscape of rural villages should be managed by considering visual aspects. The results were as follows. The commonest frequency was found in 'residence'(2/3) for the use of buildings and 'masonry structure'(2/3) for the structure. 'Wood structure' and 'light gauge steel structure(prefabricated structure)' were also commonly found. The results suggest that although many rural houses have partially improved by agricultural and fishery development projects and garden suburbs has been increased by city residents' desire for rural life, there have been still many old houses. Frequently used roof types were a gambrel roof and a hipped roof. Roof materials were mixed in several materials such as tiles, slate, panels, color steel plate, reinforced concrete, and asphalt shingles. Roof color was also mixed in several colors such as reddish N7 and N0.5 of Neutral color, 10R3/6 and 10R3/10 of R color, 7.5B4/10 and 7.5B7/8 of B color and 5G8/6 of G color. The result suggests that roof color impedes the landscape of rural villages on the street. Based on the results, some roofs of rural villages were improved by the support of the government or the local governments but there are still many old roofs. The mixture of improved roofs and old roofs mainly contributed to impeding the landscape of rural villages and it was probably caused by the lack of systematic landscape plans by individual improvement of buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to devise systematic landscape plans in consideration of local identity and neighboring environment. In particular, the guideline for roof color influencing a street landscape should be established.