• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2006

Some useful flow regime data are obtained from the experiments using the flight producing hyper-gravity(2g) conditions and on ground(1g) with the identical flow conditions. The flow regime data obtained at 1g and 2g conditions are compared with new dimensionless flow regime map using Fr, Bo and We number related with gravity, surface tension and inertia force.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2020

This study monitored the rheological properties of jams manufactured using the black ginseng and black garlic. The conditions for mixing black jam were black ginseng (X₁, 30-54 g), black garlic (X₂, 75-135 g), pectin 4.5 g, apple paste 270 g, and fructo-oligosaccharide 360 g. The response surface analysis was performed with springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, brittleness and gumminess. The R²s of the regression equation for springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, brittleness and gumminess were recognized at a significant level of 5 to 10 %, with 0.8948, 0.9103, 0.9032, 0.9097, and 0.8561, respectively. The combination conditions of black ginseng and black garlic with the highest springiness of black jam were found to be 194.39% (springiness) with black ginseng 54.00 g and black garlic 105.83 g, while the conditions of black ginseng and black garlic mixing with the lowest springiness were found to be 164.11% with black ginseng 31.48 g and black garlic 119.43 g. The mixing conditions of black ginseng and black garlic with the highest cohesiveness of black jam and its consistency were 40.96% (cohesiveness) with black ginseng 48.85 g and black garlic 129.62 g, while black ginseng and black garlic combination conditions with the lowest cohesiveness were found to be 32.96% with black ginseng 50.06 g and black garlic 82.77 g. Black ginseng and black garlic mixing conditions, which have the highest chewiness of black jam, was 43.19 g (chewiness) from black ginseng 42.95 g and black garlic 106.83 g. Black ginseng and black garlic mixing conditions and their brittleness were found to be the highest in black ginseng 32.10 g and black garlic 88.04 g to 16,874 g. Black ginseng and black garlic mixing conditions and their brittleness were found to be 678 g from black ginseng 50.53 g and black garlic 83.91 g. Black ginseng and black garlic mixing conditions and their gumminess were 14.06 g with black ginseng content of 32.91 g and black garlic content of 124.60 g. By examining the relationship between black ginseng/black garlic ratio and the rheological property of black jam from above results, it is believed that black jam can be produced for anyone to enjoy using health function material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.443-449
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• 1997

Four-dimensional response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimum preparation conditions and to monitor sensory qualities of canned oyster mushroom during preparation. The optimum preparation conditions predicted for each corresponding sensory parameter of canned oyster mushroom were 181.29 g of oyster mushroom 205.36 ml of solution and 6.49min of roasting time for color, 214.01g, 195.79ml and 5.07min for appearance, 227.71g, 224.26ml and 6.50min for flavor, 250.30g, 183.63ml and 17.32min for taste, 211.59g, 178.21ml and 17.79min for mouth-feel, 249,.02g, 188.79ml and 17.80min for overall palatability of canned oyster mushroom, respectively. The optimum conditions, which satisfied with all sensory properties of canned oyster mushroom, were 240g, 200ml and 17min for content of oyster mushroom, content of solution and roasting time, respectively. Sensory scored predicted at the optimum conditions were in good agreement with experimental ones.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 1994

The research has been carried out to optimize a recombinant S. cerevisine fermentation process for the production of an anticoagulant hirudin. The structural gene coding for hirudin was combined with the GAL10 promoter for controlled expression, the MFal signal sequence for hirudin secretion, and the GAL7 terminator for transcriptional termination. Growth medium composition and environmental conditions were optimized for maximizing cell growth and final hirudin concentration. The optimized conditions included yeast extract 40g/$\ell$, casamino acid 5g/$\ell$, g1ucose 20g/$\ell$, galactose 30g/$\ell$, DO 50% and temperature $30^{\circ}C$. These conditions yielded the specific cell growth rate of $0.13hr^{-1}$, the final cell density of 30g cell/$\ell$ and the final hirudin concentration of 64mg/$\ell$ in the batch fermentation with a 2.5$\ell$ jar fermentor.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 2015

This study was monitored the quality characteristic of the hyssop-rice drink added using hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) and rice. AFter operational parameters including amylase content ($X_1$, 1~5 mL), saccharification time ($X_2$, 10~18 hr) and hyssop content ($X_3$, 1.0~3.0 g) were monitored, these results were analyzed using a response surface methodology for the determination of the optimum conditions (Brix, Hunter's color and organoleptic properties). Maximum conditions of Brix for the hyssop-rice drink were 0.96 mL of amylase, 14.93 hr of saccharification time and 2 g of hyssop. Maximum conditions of Hunter's color b were 1.90 mL of amylase, 16.64 hr of saccharification time and 2.51 g of hyssop. Maximum conditions of organoleptic color were 4.60 mL of amylase, 15.66 hr of saccharification time and 1.57 g of hyssop. Maximum conditions of organoleptic aroma were 3.46 mL of amylase, 10.79 hr of saccharification time and 1.45 g of hyssop. Maximum conditions of organoleptic taste were 3.67 mL of amylase, 17.64 hr of saccharification time and 1.76 g of hyssop. Maximum conditions of overall palatability of the hyssop-rice drink were 3.73 mL of amylase, 13.66 hr of saccharification time and 1.85 g of hyssop.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.2 s.121
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• pp.137-149
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare changes in frictional resistance between the bracket and wire under dry and wet conditions according to a change in moment. Methods: A stainless steel bracket of $0.022"{\times}0.028"$ slot, and $0.019"{\times}0.025"$ stainless steel, beta-titanium, and nickel-titanium wires were used. A 10 mm length lever was attached to the test (sliding) brackets to generate a moment. The experimental model was designed to allow tipping until contacts were established between the wire and the mesiodistal edges of the bracket slot. The moment was generated by suspending a 100 g or 200 g weight on the end of the lever. The moments applied were $1000g{\cdot}mm\;(100g{\times}10mm)\;and\;2000g{\cdot}mm\;(200g{\times}10mm)$. The test brackets were ligated with elastomeric ligature for a constant ligation force and the fixed brackets were ligated with stainless steel ligature. Brackets were moved along the wire by means of an universal testing machine, and maximum frictional resistances were recorded. Results: Stainless steel wire showed least frictional resistance and there was no significant difference between beta-titanium and nickel-titanium except at $2000g{\cdot}mm$ moment in wet conditions. Frictional resistance of all wires increased as the moment increased from $1000g{\cdot}mm\;to\;2000g{\cdot}mm$. Under wet conditions, the frictional resistance of stainless steel wires increased in both $1000g{\cdot}mm\;and\;2000g{\cdot}mm$ moment conditions, but frictional resistance of nickel-titanium and beta-titanium increased only in $2000g{\cdot}mm$ conditions. Conclusion: These results indicated that various conditions influence on frictional resistance. Therefore, laboratory studies of frictional resistance should simulate clinical situation.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.491-501
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• 2002

A cross-examination between KT&G Central Research Institute and Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control was carried out in order to select optimum conditions for extraction, separation and determination of ginsenosides in red ginseng and to propose a better method for the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides. The optimum extraction conditions of ginsenosides from red ginseng were as follows: the extraction solvent, $70\%$ methanol; the extraction temperature, $100^{\circ}C;$ the extraction time, 1 hour for once; and the repetition of extraction, twice. The optimum separation conditions of ginsenosides on the SepPak $C_{18}$ cartridge were as follows: the loaded amount, 0.4 g of methanol extract; the washing solvents, distilled water of 25 ml at first and then $30\%$ methanol of 25 ml; the elution solvent, $90\%$ methanol of 5 ml. The optimum HPLC conditions for the determination of ginsenosides were as follows: column, Lichrosorb $NH_2(25{\times}0.4cm,$ 5${\mu}m$, Merck Co.); mobile phase, a mixture of acetonitrile/water/isopropanol (80/5/15) and acetonitrile/water/isopropanol (80/20/15) with gradient system; and the detector, ELSD. On the basis of the optimum conditions a method for the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides were proposed and another cross-examination was carried out for the validation of the selected analytical method conditions. The coefficient of variances (CVs) on the contents of ginsenoside-$Rg_{1}$, -Re and $-Rb_1$ were lower than $3\%$ and the recovery rates of ginsenosides were $89.4\~95.7\%,$ which suggests that the above extraction and separation conditions may be reproducible and reasonable. For the selected HPLC/ELSD conditions, the CVs on the detector responses of ginsenoside-Rg, -Re and $-Rb_1$) were also lower than $3\%$, the regression coefficients for the calibration curves of ginsenosides were higher than 0.99 and two adjacent ginsenoside peaks were well separated, which suggests that the above HPLC/ELSD conditions may be good enough for the determination of ginsenosides.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 2004

Experiments were carried out to select an organic nitrogen source and optimize the culture conditions for the production of arachidonic acid by Mortierella alpina DSA-12. Corn steep powder(CSP) was selected as an organic nitrogen source based on arachidonic acid production and raw material price. The optimum C/N ratio was in the range of 15 to 17 with the medium containing glucose as carbon source and CSP as nitrogen source. The optimum culture conditions for arachidonic acid production showed 500 rpm agitation and 25$^{\circ}C$ culture temperature at 0.5 vvm aeration. Under the optimum conditions, the concentration of cell, total lipid and arachidonic acid were 21.8 g/L, 10.2 g/L and 3.70 g/L, respectively, from 50 g/L glucose and 18 g/L CSP. In the 500 L fermenter with 0.5 vvm aeration and 200 rpm agitation, the concentration of cell, total lipid and arachidonic acid were 19.8 g/L, 9.1 g/L and 3.67 g/L, respectively, from 50 g/L glucose and 18 g/L CSP. This result showed that an arachidonic acid production could be possible with a bench-scale fermenter using corn steep powder as a nitrogen source.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.199-202
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• 2000

Optimization of submerged culture conditions for the production of exo-biopolymer from Paecilomyces japonica was studied. Maltose, yeast extract and potassium phosphate were the most suitable sources of carbon, nitrogen, and inorganic salt, respectively, for both production of the exo-biopolymer and mycelial growth. The optimal culture conditions in flask culture were pH 5.0, $25^{\circ}C$ and 150 rpm in a meidum containing of 30 g maltose, 6 g yeast extract, 2 g polypeptone, 0.5 g $K_2HPO_4$, 0.2 g $KH_2PO_4$, 0.2 g $MnSo_4\;{\cdot}\;5H_2O$, 0.2 g $MgSO_4\;{\cdot}\;7H_2O$ in 1-L distilled water. Exo-biopolymer production and mycelial growth in the suggested medium were significantly increased in a 2.5-L jar fermentor, where the maximum biopolymer concentration was 8 g/1.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1043-1051
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• 2012

Coagulation, flocculation, and dissolved air flotation (DAF) experiments were performed with humic acid to evaluate the influence of operational conditions on removal efficiencies. We investigated coagulation, flocculation, and flotation conditions of humic acid removal using a laboratory-scale DAF system. This paper deals with coagulant type (aluminum sulfate and PSO-M) and the most relevant operational conditions (velocity gradients for coagulation and flocculation, retention time and recycle ratio and flotation time). Results showed that optimal conditions for removing humic acid, yielding CHA removal efficiencies of approximately 85 %, are a recycle ratio of 40 %, coagulant dosages of 0.15 - 0.20 gAl/gHA as aluminum sulfate and 0.03 - 0.12 gAl/gHA as PSO-M, coagulation($400s^{-1}$ and 60s), flocculation($60s^{-1}$ and 900s or more), and flotation(490 kPa or more and at least 10 min).