• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.337-342
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• 1991

A bacterium producing the antifungal compound KRF-001 isolated from soil was selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis. The antibiotic KRF-001 was active against various fungi. Effecacy of KRF-001 at various concentration for controlling leaf blast of rice in the paddy field was evaluated and compared with recommended rates of kasugamycin, blasticidin- s and tricyclazole. KRF-001 caused no irritation on the skin of rabbits and LD50 for mice was deduced more than 5000 mg/kg which indicates the possibility of low toxicity or no toxicity.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2005

New ${\beta}$-methoxyacrylate derivatives 1-4 having thio-enol side chain were prepared and subjected to in vivo screening for fungicidal activity against phytopathogenic fungi and many of them showed good fungicidal activities against especially rice blast and wheat leaf rust at 100 ppm.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.155-158
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• 2003

2-Imino-1,3-thiazolines 1 show selective antifungal activity against pyricularia oryzae by new mode of action. A synthesis of novel 2-cyano-l,3-thiazolines 2 in which cyano moiety is substituted in imino group at C-2 of 1 is described. The lone pair electrons of sulfur and nitrogen as well as strong electron withdrawing cyano substituent in 1,3-thiazoline scaffold would effect the biological activity of 2-imino-1,3-thiazoline series. Regiospecific nucleophilic attack of thiourea 4 for $\gamma$-chloro-$\beta$-ketoacetoacetanilide 3 followed by acid catalyzed dehydration gave 2.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.219-223
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• 2003

The toxicity of chlorothalonil on the growth of yeasts was investigated using several yeast strains. An alcohol tolerant yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae F38-1, was the most chlorothalonil-tolerant. The glutathione content and the glutathione S-transferase activity were related to the chlorothalonil-tolerant phenotype. Several thiol compounds affect the dissipation of chlorothalonil. However, there was no significant difference on the effects of chlorothalonil dissipation among the thiol compounds tested. The growth of yeast cells was arrested by chlorothalonil. It took about 13 h to dissipate 1 mg/l of chlorothalonil, and the growth was restored as the chlorothalonil content decreased. The glutathione content and glutathione S-transferase are suggested to be among the most important factors of yeast resistance to chlorothalonil.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.784-787
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• 2008

Antifungal activity of ChiCW and synergistic interactions between ChiCW with fungicides were investigated. Conidial germinations of phytopathogenic fungi, Alternaria brassicicola, Botrytis elliptica, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, were inhibited by ChiCW but A. longipes was not. In addition, ChiCW showed synergistic effect with fungicides Switch (cyprodinil+fludioxonil) and tebuconazole to inhibit fungal conidial germinations. The level of synergism of ChiCW with tebuconazole was higher than that with Switch. The results indicate that ChiCW may exhibit a higher level of synergism with fungicides that have a primary effect upon membranes.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2004

It has recently been reported that one of the most important factors of yeast resistance to the fungicide chlorothalonil is the glutathione contents and the catalytic efficiency of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (Shin et al., 2003). GST is known to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to a wide variety of xenobiotics, resulting in detoxification. In an attempt to elucidate the relation between chlorothalonil-detoxification and GST, the GST of Escherichia coli was expressed and purified. The drug-hypersensitive E. coli KAM3 cells harboring a plasmid for the overexpression of the GST gene can grow in the presence of chlorothalonil. The purified GST showed chlorothalonil-biotransformation activity in the presence of glutathione. Thus, chlorothalonil is detoxified by the mechanism of glutathione conjugation catalyzed by GST.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-111
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• 1972

The study is carried out in laboratory to investigate fungicidal activity of Dithane M-45 as a seed treatant. For use in rice seed, Dithane M-45 is more effective fungicide than organic mercuric compounds. The adequate concentration of Dithane M-45 is 1000 ppm and about 6 hours is proper duration to control seed borne pathogen on rice. Dithane M-45, however, is not good enough to control Fusarium spp. in various concentration levels.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Plants are attacked by various phytopathogenic fungi. For many years, synthetic fungicides have been used to control plant diseases. Although synthetic fungicides are highly effective, their repeated use has led to problems such as environmental pollution, development of resistance, and residual toxicity. This has prompted intensive research on the development of biopesticides, including botanical fungicides. To date, relatively few botanical fungicides have been registered and commercialized. However, many scientists have reported isolation and characterization of a variety of antifungal plant derivatives. Here, we present a survey of a wide range of reported plant-derived antifungal metabolites.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3341-3347
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• 2010

A series of oxazolidinone-based strobilurin analogues were efficiently synthesized by the reaction of 3-(2-bromomethylphenyl) oxazolidin-2-one with 1-substituted phenyl-2H-pyrazolin-3-one. Their structures were confirmed and characterized by $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, elemental analysis, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structure of the target compound 3-(2-((1-phenyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yloxy)methyl)phenyl) oxazolidin-2-one was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioassay results of these compounds indicated that some of the oxazolidin-2-one derivatives containing N-substituted phenyl 2H-pyrazol ring exhibited potential in vivo fungicidal activities against M. grisea at the dosage of $1\;g\;L^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1981

Bromination of acetoacteanilide in non-polar medium gives the r-brominated derivative. This unexpected result may be due to the steric hinderance during the enolization of the substrate. The structure of r-bromoacetoacetanilide can be assigned on the basis of its 1H NMR spectrum. Additional evidence is provided by making derivatives, whick proceed without skeletal rearrangements. Structural similarity of 2-(N-phenylcarbamoyl)methylene-1,4-oxathiane with carboxin which is used as a potent fungicide prompted our investigation of the 1,4-oxathiane synthesis. It is prepared from the reaction of r-bromoacetoacetanilide with mercaptoethanol followed by acidic dehydration in high yield.