• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 공유림의 기능평가를 수행하기 위한 효율적인 평가단위를 결정하고자 하였다. 이러한 기능평가 단위로써 대유역, 중유역 그리고 소유역 단위의 평가방법을 고려하였다. 공유림의 경우 소유주체가 일원화 되지 않고 각 시 군의 행정권이 분산화 되어있으며, 산림의 규모가 영세한 특징이 있어 지번 단위의 평가방법은 공유림의 기능평가 단위로 적합하지 않다. 이에 따라 공유림 기능평가에 적합한 평가단위를 결정하기 위하여 집수량 기준에 따라 소 중 대유역으로 구분하고 각각에 대하여 산림기능평가를 수행하고 타당성을 검토하였다. 각 평가단위에 따른 기능평가 결과에서는 유역단위 기능 구분 시 공유림의 소규모 산지들을 일정 규모 이상의 산지로 집단화할 수 있는 장점이 있었다. 각 평단단위 별로는 소유역 단위에서 중 대유역 단위로 갈수록 산림의 기능이 지나치게 단순화 되는 경향이 나타나 소유역 단위의 기능구분이 공유림의 산림기능평가에 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.441-456
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 학생들의 단위 조정과 학교 수학과의 관계를 이해하기 위한 목적으로 수행되고 있는 프로젝트의 일부 결과를 보고하는 것이다. 구체적으로 단위 조정 단계와 그에 따른 수준이 다른 학생들이 y = ax² 형태인 이차함수 문제를 해결하는데 있어 비례 지식이 어떻게 사용되고, 단위 조정 수준별 가용한 지식은 무엇인지 세밀하게 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 자연수 맥락에서는 3수준 단위를 주어진 자원으로 사용하여 동화할 수 있는 단위 조정 3단계 학생이지만, 복잡한 분수 곱셈 과제에서는 서로 다른 단위 조정 단계를 보여준 중학교 1학년 세 학생에 초점을 두었다. 나아가 비례 문제 해결 과정과 비례 관계가 포함된 이차함수 관련 문제에 대한 임상 면담 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 단위 조정 단계에 따라 비례 문제를 해결하는 과정에서 학생들의 지식은 다르게 나타났으며, 이러한 차이는 이차함수를 이해하고 식으로 표현하는 과정에서 결과적 차이를 보였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 통해 결론에서는 단위 조정 이론, 비례 지식, 그리고 이차함수 지식과의 관련성에 대해 논의 후 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the factors that influence low back pain in nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was used, with a convenience sample of 116 nurses from one university hospital in Seoul. The data collected were processed using SPSS Window 17.0 Program for actual numbers and percentages, differences in the dependent variable according to general characteristics, and mean, standard deviations, correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Results: The factor influencing low back pain in nurses in ICUs was functional ability (${\beta}$=.652). This one factor explained 41.9% of low back pain in nurses in ICUs. Conclusion: These results show that functional ability was related to nurses' low back pain in nurses in ICUs. These results further suggest that more research is needed to develop program involving functional ability to prevent and management of low back pain in nurses in ICUs.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the planning concept and spatial characteristics of the multi-housing units in prize-wining works of design competition since 2007. Literature review and content analysis were used for this study and 199units over $59m^2$ were analyzed to review the planning concept, spatial composition and layout. The results of this study were as follows; 1)The planning concept of these units were divided into three aspects; that is, eco-friendly, rational and sustainable unit plan by means of functional, environmental-friendly and future-oriented aspects. 2)Most unit plans had 3LDK+2bath and 4Bay types including family room as a public space. This results shows that family-room and bathroom has recently become more important than number of rooms in multi-housing units planning. 2)In terms of the spatial composition of LDK and Master Bed room, LDK area become large, open type and master-zone were showed 'bed room+dress and powder room+bath' type. 3)The entrance has a intermediated space as a balcony or a former space and the privacy of LDK space was protected from the entrance. This study has a significant moaning on grasping current trend in Korean multi-housing and to provide Information for future direction on housing-unit design.

• 한국농촌계획학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농촌계획학회 1998년도 임시총회 및 추계 학술논문발표회
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• pp.25-27
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• 1998

The objective of this study is by analyzing villages("Ri" units) to specify the proper unit of the area that the rural development policy is suitable for, and to examine whether the current rural development policy considers the characteristics of community and region. The study included twelve districts(in Korean "Eup" or "Myun") and one hundred one villages(in Korean ri) in Poryong-si, Chungchungnam-do. Twelve and fifteen variables are respectively employe for the analysis of Myun`s and Ri`s. Using Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis, and Z-Score Analysis, the study examines the degree of disadvantage and the process of growth pattern of each Myun or Ri. The Ri`s are also classified according to their functional characteristics. The results of this study could be summarized as follows; 1) There exist some problems in the current rural development policy because it does not take into consideration the characteristics community and region. 2) Except a few distinct of areas, the proper unit of the area for the rural development policy should be set being based on regional characteristics rather than the administrative units. 3) The spatial boundary of rural development policy should be sets from villages(ri) to beyond the unit of administrative units("Si" or "Gun"), according to the village unit analysis. 4) It is needed that community and region data should be consistently accumulated after specifying Standard Statistical Districts. 5) The application of indicators should be in accordance with the characteristics of the policy.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1997

The composition of space is accomplished to the relational character of spatial units, and the functional and formal meanning is determined to the compositional system of design language in space. Therefore this study is the approach about the composition of order in spatial rule. Here, rule is composed of the spatial set according to the composition of units. Developing the composition, the architectural space is constructed. Therefore methodology about the systematic approach have been developed diversly and persistently. In this study, this approach being investigated and analyzing the architectural type, the composition of rule and system is examined to types. Developing the logic, this approach composing the design language is investigated and this applying method is researched.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.163-182
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• 1999

Performance measurement is increasingly becoming a vital issue for promoting quality management within an organization. This research proposes a new performance measurement approach, called the Hierarchically Associated Performance Measurement, for the organizations which emphasize long term quality th겨st through a balanced interface between the quality efforts of various units. The proposed approach is unique in that it considers relationships between internal quality activities and national quality award criteria and that it identifies and utilizes the quality responsibilities of functional units in order to encompass organizational roles in the evaluation process. The approach is illustrated via a numerical evaluation of a fictitious organization.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.1225-1240
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• 1999

This paper proposes PASC(PArtitioned SCHeduler) processor architecture that equips with a number of functional unit and an individual scheduler paris. Every scheduler of the PASC processor can determine whether a unit instruction can be issued to the associated functional unit or it is to be waited until next cycle caused by a resource collision or data dependencies. In the PASC processor, only the functional unit with a resource collision or data dependencies waits by executing a NOP(No OPeration) instruction and the other functional units execute their own instructions. Therefore we can expect the code compaction effect on the PASC processor. Thus, the last instruction of a loop at certain iteration and the very first instruction of the loop at the next iteration can be scheduled simultaneously if the two instructions do not incur any resource collision or data dependencies. Therefore, we can expect that such two instructions without any resource collision and data dependencies are packed into the same very long instruction word and thus, the two instructions are executed concurrently at run time. As a result, we can shorten execution cycles of a loop comparing to the execution of the loop on a traditional VLIW or SVLIW processor architecture. Simulation result also promises faster execution of loops on a PASC processor architecture than those on a VLIW and SVLIW processor architecture.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of three different pelvic tilts on a sit-to-stand (STS) and to suggest a new assessment approach based on biomechanical analysis. The three difrent pelvic tilts were: (1) comfortable pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (CPT STS), (2) posterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (PPT STS) and (3) anterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (APT STS). To determine the onset time of muscle contraction surface electrodes were applied to the rectus femoris muscle (RF), vastus lateralis muscle (VL), biceps femoris muscle (BF), tibialis anterior muscle (TA), gastrocnemius muscle (GCM), and soleus muscle (SOL). The ICC was used for functional linkage analysis. The findings of this study were as follows. First, significant differences were found in kinematic variables and in muscle activation pattern among the three activities. Second, the results of functional integrated analysis revealed that recruited muscle activation patterns changed when the thigh-off was viewed as a reference point. Third, there were independent functional units between the thigh-off and the VL and between the thigh-off and the RF in the functional linkage analysis. The VL and RF acted as prime mover muscles, and more postural adjustment muscle recruitment was required as the demand of postural muscle control increased (PPT STS, APT STS, and CPT STS in order). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest the following evaluative and therapeutic approach for STS activity. APT STS can be introduced for movement efficiency and functional advantage when abnormal STS is treated. However, excessive APT would change the muscle activation patterns of BF and SOL and require additional postural muscle control to cause abnormal control patterns.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2010

Purpose: This study investigated nursing care delivery systems in 44 university affiliated hospitals and satisfactions with the systems perceived by 226 unit managers (head nurses) of general medical surgical wards. Methods: Data were collected with questionnaires consisting of checklists asking the unit managers their nursing care delivery systems and their satisfactions with the systems. Results: Four models of nursing care delivery systems (primary, modified primary, team, and functional models) were drawn from the participants' responses. Among the four key models 35% of the units adopted team model whereas 24.3% adopted primary model and 22.6% adopted modified primary model. In spite of 35% of team model being under use, 60.6% (n=137) of the unit managers answered the nursing delivery system of their units as team model and only 6.2% (n=14) answered their units having primary or modified primary models, instead of 46.9% combining both. In regard to the satisfaction, critical thinking ability of staff nurses (members in their units) was the most dissatisfactory area regardless of models of service delivery. Conclusion: Introducing team model supplemented with core concepts of primary model (primary team delivery model) into nursing practice will reform the workplace and therefore deliver safe health care services to patients.