• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 2024

Ishige foliacea belongs to class Phaeophyceae and family Ishigeaceae. This study investigated the physiological activities of the Korean marine algae I. foliacea. Its solvent extracts were prepared with 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, and distilled water. The ethanol and methanol extracts had higher α-glucosidase (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC₅₀: 0.67-0.73 mg/mL), xanthine oxidase (IC₅₀: 0.25-0.28 mg/mL), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (IC₅₀: 25.29-38.28 ㎍/mL) inhibitory activities than those of the water extract. The ethanol and methanol extracts possessed high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀: 0.78c0.97 mg/mL). Conversely, the water extract exhibited the highest β-secretase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀: 0.48 mg/mL). These results indicate that I. foliacea may be useful as a functional substance in food and pharmaceuticals with anti-diabetic, anti-gout, anti-hypertension, and anti-dementia properties.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2013

목적: 말기암환자의 영성은 호스피스완화의료에서 중요하게 고려되어야 할 영역이지만 아직 이에 대한 연구자료가 부족하다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 호스피스 병동에 입원해 있는 말기 암환자들을 대상으로 영적 안녕과 통증, 불안 및 우울과의 연관성에 대하여 살펴보았다. 방법: 서울소재 일개 대학병원에 입원해 있는 환자를 대상으로 연구자와 연구간호사가 연구에 동의한 50명의 환자에게 자기 기입식 설문지를 배부하는 방법으로 설문을 시행하였다. 영적 안녕지수의 측정은 Functional Assessment of Chronic-Illness Therapy-Spirituality (FACIT-Sp)의 영적 상태 12문항을 이용하였으며 병원 우울불안지수는 Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), 통증지수의 측정은 BPI-K를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 Spearmans' rank test, T-test, univariate and multivariate regression analysis를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 영적 안녕은 평균 통증 강도(r=-0.283, P<0.05), 불안 하부척도(HADS-A)(r=-0.613, P<0.05), 우울 하부척도(HADS-D)(r=-0.526, P<0.05)와 상관관계를 보였다. 다른 변수들의 영향을 보정한 뒤에도 영적 안녕은 종교유무(OR=9.193, 95% CI=4.158~14.229, P<0.001)와 불안하부척도(OR=-1.03, 95% CI=-1.657~-0.403, P=0.002)와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 말기암환자의 영적 안녕감은 통증, 우울, 불안 점수와 유의한 상관관계를 가졌으며 종교가 있고 우울지수가 낮은 경우 영적 안녕감의 증가와 유의한 상관관계를 가졌다. 추후 전향적 연구를 통한 영적 말기암환자의 영적 중재 및 영적 지지에 대한 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.241-247
• /
• 2014

목적: 혈청 비타민 C 수치는 체내 항산화상태를 나타내는 지표로서, 암환자에서는 정상인에 비해 감소되어 있다. 하지만, 이 지표가 말기암환자에서 어느 정도 감소되어 있고, 그 감소에 어떤 요인들이 관련되는지에 대한 연구는 매우 드물다. 방법: 두 개 기관의 완화의료병동에 입원했던 암환자 65명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자의 나이, 성별, 암의 종류, 기능상태, 임상증상, 완치 목적의 암 치료력, 그리고 혈청 비타민 C를 포함한 혈액검사 자료를 수집하였다. 혈청 비타민 C 수치의 사분위수를 기준으로 두 군(3사분위수 이하 vs. 4 사분위수)으로 분류한 후 각 군의 차이를 비교하였고, 단계적 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 혈청 비타민 C 수치와 관련된 인자를 확인하였다. 결과: 대상자의 혈청 비타민 C의 평균은 $0.44{\mu}g/mL$이었으며, 대상자 전체가 비타민 C 결핍에 해당되었다. 단변량 분석에서는, 비폐암 환자이거나(P=0.041) 발열이 있는 환자(P=0.034)에서 낮은 혈청 비타민 C 수치를 보였다. 폐암, 발열, 삼킴곤란, 호흡곤란, C 반응단백, 그리고 항암화학요법 등의 잠재적인 인자들을 보정한 다변량 분석에서, 낮은 혈청 비타민 C 수치를 나타낼 가능성은 항암화학요법을 받은 군에서 그렇지 않은 군에 비해 3.7배 높았고(P=0.046), 발열이 있는 군에서 그렇지 않은 군에 비해 7.22배 높았다(P=0.020). 결론: 말기암환자에서 비타민 C 부족은 매우 심각하였고, 항암화학요법 치료력과 발열이 관련 있었다.

• 대한간호
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.52-67
• /
• 1996

As home care in developing and becoming part of the health care delivery system in Korea, it is necessary to examine the use of nursing diagnoses and related nursing interventions with a view to increasing the standardization of nursing recording. This study was done to examine the nursing diagnosis and related nursing interventions used in home care. Data were collected using a chart review of the nursing notes written for the home care given to 38 patients who had pulmonary diseases or traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries and who had received home care as part of a demonstration home care project in a college of Nursing in Seoul. Early on in the project discussions as to format and use to nursing diagnosis was done and a tool was developed based on Gordon's eleven functional catergories with the addition of categories to cover family and environment. This tool was used in the data collection. Data included nursing diagnosis, etiologies and interventions. Real numbers and percentages were used in the analysis. The results show that the most frequently used diagnoses were in the category of physical function (75.6%), followed by the category of emotional and social function (21.8%). The least frequently used category was the one for family and environment (2.6%). The order of the frequency of recorded nursing interventions was the same, 82.3% for physical function, 16.2% of emotional and social function and 1.5% for family and environment. Under the category of physical functioning the most frequently used nursing diagnoses were related to mobility (62.2%), nutrition (23.6%) and elimination (11.9%). The frequencies of nursing interventions for these three diagnostic categories were 69.8%, 16.0% and 10.8% respectively. For emotional and social functioning, the most frequently used diagnoses were for cognition-perception (37.1%), self-perception (30.6%) and perception of health (23.7%). The ordering of the frequency of nursing interventions varied slightly. The most frequently used interventions were for the category of self-perception (31.7%) followed by cognition-perception (24.1%) and perception of health (22.9%). Looking at individual diagnoses, it was found that within the categroy of physical functioning, the most frequently used diagnosis was "impaired physical mobility" (29.5%) and this diagnosis involved 43.9% of the interventions. This was followed by "ineffective breathing pattern" (19.4%) with 17.7% of interventions, and "alteration in nutrition, less than body requirements" (11.2%) with 8.1% of the interventions. For the emotional social category, noncompliance was the most frequently used nursing diagnosis (18.2%) with 19.2% of the interventions. This was followed by "anxiety" (13.4%) with 13.6% of the interventions and by "knowledge deficit" (13.4%) but with only 5.5% of the interventions. The other diagnoses and interventions did not follow this pattern of frequency. Although there were a large number of diagnostic and intervention events, the number of actual diagnoses and interventions used were relatively small ranging from six interventions for "knowledge deficit" to 40 interventions for "imparied physical mobility". From this it can be concluded that the results of this study could be used as basic data for the development of standardized charts with respect to nursing diagnosis and interventions for clients with pulmonary disease and clients with traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries. Interventions that were direct care activities (1178) were much more frequent that education (430), and assessment and observation (148). There were also few diagnoses or interventions related to the family and the environment. This suggests two areas that need to be developed in home care and that need to be considered in the development of standardized records for use in home care.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.1-26
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of life (QoL) of elderly women and the effect of social support on their QoL. The data were used 'urvey on the Elderly in 2011', which was held from 'Ministry of Health & Welfare' and 'Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs'. Among the total 15,146 respondents, 3,880 of elderly women whose age was over 65, and who did not live together with their married children were included in the analysis. Multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the research model. The findings were as follows. First, from the fact that the elderly women showed the highest mean in 'contact frequency with friends' among social support, it seemed that the elderly women contacted their friends more than their children in their old age. Among the support types from their children, elderly women received emotional support, physical support, instrumental support in order and irregular cash as a way of economic support. Second, from the regression results, the most critical factor that affected the QoL of elderly women was 'subjective physical condition level' and 'subjective standard of living' comes next. Third, the most important factor was 'subjective standard of living' from path analysis results, and 'subjective physical condition level' and 'total amount of annual income' in order. Also, social supports such as 'phone call contact frequency with children', 'emotional support from children', phone call contact frequency with relatives', 'phone call contact frequency with friends' positively affected the QoL of elderly women. Therefore, raising social supports from children, relatives, and friends positively contributes to improve the QoL of elderly women directly and indirectly. The results show that social supporters, which is a part of the structural aspects of social support, and types of social support, which lies in functional aspects, directly affect QoL of the elderly women and turn out to be factors that improve the QoL as mediating variables. It is concluded that the social supports can be the most important resources that make up declining personal and social resources in old age and maintain the QoL of elderly women.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 2015

Microalgae research is gaining momentum because of their potential biotechnological applications, including the generation of biofuels. Genome sequencing analysis of two model microalgal species, polar free-living Coccomyxa sp. C-169 and symbiotic Chlorella sp. NC64A, revealed insights into the factors responsible for their lifestyle and unravelled biotechnologically valuable proteins. However, genome sequence analysis under-explored cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), heme-thiolate proteins ubiquitously present in species belonging to different biological kingdoms. In this study we performed genome data-mining, annotation and comparative analysis of P450s in these two model algal species. Sixty-nine P450s were found in two algal species. Coccomyxa sp. showed 40 P450s and Chlorella sp. showed 29 P450s in their genome. Sixty-eight P450s (>100 amino acid in length) were grouped into 32 P450 families and 46 P450 subfamilies. Among the P450 families, 27 P450 families were novel and not found in other biological kingdoms. The new P450 families are CYP745-CYP747, CYP845-CYP863, and CYP904-CYP908. Five P450 families, CYP51, CYP97, CYP710, CYP745, and CYP746, were commonly found between two algal species and 16 and 11 P450 families were unique to Coccomyxa sp. and Chlorella sp. Synteny analysis and gene-structure analysis revealed P450 duplications in both species. Functional analysis based on homolog P450s suggested that CYP51 and CYP710 family members are involved in membrane ergosterol biosynthesis. CYP55 and CYP97 family members are involved in nitric oxide reduction and biosynthesis of carotenoids. This is the first report on comparative analysis of P450s in the microalgal species Coccomyxa sp. C-169 and Chlorella sp. NC64A.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2011

농촌진흥청에서는 농경지뿐 만 아니라 우리나라 전국토에 대한 토양조사를 수행하였으며 (1964-1999) 일부 도서지역이라든가 민통선 해제지역 등의 토양조사를 계속적으로 수행하여 왔다 (2000-현재). 그 일환으로 독도에 대한 토양조사를 수행하였으며 아울러 이와 유사한 토양들을 울릉도에서도 발견할 수 있었다. 서도의 대한봉 남쪽 20 m 지점 (경도 $131^{\circ}$51'53", 위도 $37^{\circ}$14'35")에서 대표단면을 선정하였다. 조사지역은 주로 조면안산암 유래 토양으로 이외에도 조면암, 유문암, 응회암등이 혼재하고 있다. 기존 분류되어 있는 토양과 달라 고유의 토양명을 부여할 필요가 있다고 판단되어 토양은 "독도통"으로 명명하였다. 토심이 매우 얕아 대체적으로 0-20 cm 정도였으며, A층은 농암갈색 (10YR 2/2)의 바위가 있는 사양토이고 AC층은 암갈색 (7.5YR 3/2)의 자갈이 있는 미사질양토로 되어 있다. 독도의 토양은 울릉도 지역과 동일하게 mesic 토양온도상을 보유한다고 하여, Dokdo, coarse loamy, mesic family of Lithic Udorthents로 분류할 수 있었다. 독도는 총면적이 18.7 ha이며 동도는 7.3 ha, 서도는 8.9 ha 및 부속도서가 2.6 ha이다. 이 중 조사된 "독도통"의 면적은 동도 4.13 ha, 서도 6.34 ha, 울릉도 808.56 ha로 새로운 토양으로 설정하기에 충분한 면적을 가지고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.581-590
• /
• 2000

Alterations in the cellular genome affecting the expression or function of genes controlling cell growth and differentiation are considered to be the main cause of cancer. Over 30 oncogenes can be activated by insertional mutagenesis, single point mutations, chromosomal translocations and gene amplification. The ras oncogenes have been detected in $15{\sim}20%$ of human tumors that include some of the most common forms of human neoplasia and are known to acquire their transforming properties by single point mutations in two domains of their coding sequences, most commonly in codons 12 and 61. The ras gene family consists of three functional genes, N-ras, K-ras and H-ras which encode highly similar proteins of 188 or 189 amino acid residues generically known as P21. ras proteins have been shown to bind GTP and GTP, and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Experimental study was performed to observe the mutational change of the ras gene family and apply the results to the clinical activity. 36 Golden Syrian Hamster each weighing $60{\sim}80g$ were used and painted with 0.5% DMBA by 3 times weekly on the right buccal cheek(experimental side) for 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks. Left buccal cheek (control side) was treated with mineral oil as the same manner of the right side. The hamsters were sacrificed on the 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 & 16 weeks. Normal and tumor tissues from paraffin block were completely dissected by microdissection and DNA from both tissue were isolated by proteinase K/phenol/chloroform extraction. Segments of the K-ras and H-ras gene were amplified by PCR using the oligonucleotide primers corresponding to the homologous region (codon 12 and 61) of the hamster gene, and then confirmational change of ras genes was observed by SSCP and autosequencing analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Malignant lesion could be found in the experimental side from the experimental six weeks. 2. One hamster among six showed point mutation of the H-ras codon 12($G{\rightarrow}A$ transition) at the experimental 10 and 14 weeks. 3. One of six at 6 weeks, two of six at 8 weeks and one of six at 12 weeks revealed the confirmational change of the H-ras codon 61($A{\rightarrow}T$ transversion). 4. The incidence of point mutation of H-ras codon 12 and 61 were 5.5%(2 of 36) and 11%(4 of 36) respectively. 5. Point mutation of the K-ras could not be seen during the whole experimental period. Form the above results, these findings strongly support the concept that H-ras oncogenes may have the influence of the DMBA induced carcinoma of hamster buccal pouch.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.208-215
• /
• 2017

Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 700294 유전체로부터 cyclomaltodextrinase (SPCD)로 예상되는 유전자를 발견하였다. SPCD는 총 567개의 아미노산으로 이루어진 66.8 kDa의 효소이며, 기존에 알려진 CDase 계열 효소들과 37% 미만의 아미노산 서열 상동성을 가진다. 본 연구에서는 SPCD 유전자를 클로닝하였으며, 대장균 내에서 카복시 말단에 6개의 histidine 잔기가 결합된 dimer 형태로 발현 및 정제되었다. SPCD는 pH 7.5, $45^{\circ}C$의 반응조건에서 최대의 활성을 나타내었으며, ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin, starch, maltotriose를 기질로 반응하여 maltose를 주산물로 생성하였다. 또한 pullulan을 panose 단위로 분해하며, acarbose를 glucose와 acarviosine-glucose로 가수분해하는 CDase 계열의 효소로 확인되었다. 그러나, SPCD는 다른 효소에 비해 저분자 소당류인 ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin에 대한 활성이 매우 높고, starch 및 pullulan과 같은 고분자 기질에 대해 매우 낮은 활성을 보였다. 또한 maltotriose 분해 활성이 매우 낮은 반면 acarbose에 대해 상대적으로 높은 가수분해 활성을 가지나, 당전이 활성은 매우 낮아 다른 CDase 계열 효소들과 구별된다.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to explore the identity of home economics(HE) education by assessing perceptions of HE teacher, students, and general adults regarding the images and characteristics of HE education. Respondents in this study were 234 HE teachers, 505 students, and 264 general adults. Questionnaires were collected through both online and offline. The image and the characteristics of HE education were the factors of the identity that were also the byproducts of HE education operation of the past and present, and had the characteristics in changing in accordance with the change of time. The current image of HE education was shown to positive recognition as the curriculum helpful to the actual living and future living for the HE teacher, students, and the general adults. For the HE teacher, it had strong emotionally warm image similar to the image of 'home', and it was connected to the curriculum image to be acknowledged as good problem solving teachers in terms of competence and conservative image. However, on the images of the HE curriculum and HE teacher, the HE teachers had the most positive recognition, and on the image of the HE curriculum, the students had the most negative recognition while the image of the HE teacher, the general adults had the most negative recognition. The general adults among the three groups recognized the HE curriculum as the most technical oriented curriculum while the students recognized as interesting curriculum, curriculum contributing on society. In the meantime, for the characteristic of the HE education, the HE teachers recognized that it had weak female curriculum characteristics and strong living functional curriculum characteristics, and the practical curriculum characteristics would be important in the future. Accordingly, the identity of the HE education formulated might be considered as the practical curriculum that was helpful to problem solving in actual living of the family and family members with the connection to the concept of 'home'. However, depending on the definition on implication of practice and issue of actual living, the characteristics and appearance of the HE education had been changed and might interpret as changing according to the above.for the fertility policy and the methods for the estimation of the child cost were suggested based on the results.