• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 2004

Objective : There are many treatments for Headache. We suggested the clinical effect and utilization of Rainbow Theraphy on functional headache. Methods : 1. Setting up of Groups : A Group is 29 people being used Herb remedy, acupuncture and Rainbow Theraphy, B Group is 23 people being used only Rainbow Theraphy. 2. Operation of Rainbow Theraphy : By using RP-UM103(Umax Medical, Korea), we regulated ki and stimulated important acupuncture’s spots of headache. 3. We examined improvement of headache by giving marks about symptoms - occipital pain, Pressure, dyspepsia, anxiety, fatigue, attention deficiency - through interviewing before treatment and after 3 weeks' treatments. Results and Conclusions : 1. There was a significantly effect of Rainbow Theraphy on functional headache in both A Group and B Group. 2. In subjective appraisee of groups, A group$(17.28{\pm}2.15)$ is more effective than B group$(14.74{\pm}2.38)$. 3. In doctor's last appraisee of groups, A group$(3.83{\pm}0.71)$ is more significantly improvement than B group$(2.70{\pm}0.47)$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of closed kinetic chain exercise with functional electrical stimulation(FES) of the gluteus medius on gait in stroke. Methods : 30 hemiplegic patients voluntarily participated in this study. Subjects were divided into experimental group(n=15) and control group(n=15). Experimental group was given closed kinetic chain exercise with FES of the gluteus medius and control group was given only closed kinetic chain exercise for 4 weeks. All subjects were measured 10m-walking speed, cadence, functional walking category(FAC) and modified motor assessment scale(MMAS) before and after intervention. Results : In experimental group, gait velocity, cadence, FAC and MMAS showed significant difference between pre and post test(p<.05). In control group, gait velocity, cadence and FAC showed significant difference between pre and post test(p<.05). Before intervention, gait velocity, cadence, FAC and MMAS were not significant difference between experimental group and control group(p>.05), but after intervention, gait velocity, FAC and MMAS were significant difference(p<.05). Conclusion : This study show that closed kinetic chain exercise with functional electrical stimulation(FES) of the gluteus medius is beneficial intervention for increase the wlking ability in stroke.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2012

In order to predict satisfaction and performance of sensible healthcare game using motion recognition sensor, this study analyzed the effects of flow, presence and social cognitive factor and then, it attempted to verify structural relationships thereof. Self-efficacy, being a social cognitive factor, was found to affect the level of functional satisfaction of health game but it showed no direct effect to intention of using game. Flow experience was also observed to be a meaningful predictor for the level of functional and entertainment satisfaction in the direction hypothesized. It is also shown that presence exerts a direct effect on functional satisfaction. Finally, it is discovered that functional satisfaction has meaningful influence on entertainment satisfaction as well as future intention to use. The results verifies that even in sensible healthcare game, user experience and social cognitive factor have significant effects on satisfaction and performance of a serious game.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analysis the effect on change of spinal neuron excitability during gait training of hemiplegia patients by the functional electrical stimulation. Methods: Thirty six hemiplegia patients participated in this study. Stimulation conditions of FES were pulse rate 35pps, pulse width $250{\mu}s$, and on-time 0.3 second, treatment hour was 30 min. and treatment period was once a day for five days a week through six weeks. For functional evaluations before and after treatment, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), active range of motion (AROM), Hmax threshold, H/Mmax ratio were measured and the following conclusions were obtained. Results: Functional evaluation showed significant changes in experimental group as MAS(p<0.01), AROM(p<0.001), compared to control group. In spinal neuron excitability evaluation, change of Hmax threshold was significantly reduced in both non weight bearing (p<0.001) and bearing condition (p<0.05), H/Mmax ratio was significantly reduced in non weight bearing (p<0.05) and bearing condition (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, application of FES to hemiplegia patients in recovery stage during gait training improved mitigation of muscular spasticity, balance adjustment and moving ability and it was interpreted that it was caused by mitigation of muscular spasticity by the spinal neuron excitability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.182-183
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• 2014

Hemispherical dimples with diameter, ø=$60{\mu}m$ and depth, d= $30{\mu}m$ were created on the metal and ceramics surfaces using INYA 10 watt Laser of 1064 nm wavelength. This study reports the influence of dimple pitch on friction and wear behavior rather than dimple size, depth and density. LST was performed on the specimens with dimple pitch and density in the range of 80 to-$200{\mu}m$ and 44 to 7 %, respectively. Surface topography was analyzed by using roughness measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscopy. Friction and wear characteristics were analyzed on textured surfaces at lubricating environment to observe the effect of surface texturing on reduction of friction and wear. Reduction on coefficient of friction was achieved by more than 70% due to the dual behavior of dimples as wear (debris) traps and lubricant reservoirs. Wear reduced significantly for the textured surface as compared to the polished surface. Moreover, the friction coefficient of the textured specimens reduced with increasing load and speed which may be attributed to the transition of lubrication regime.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.3
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• pp.99-131
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate relational benefits affecting the relationship quality and the existence of differences to which relational benefits are most important to the customers across the type of services that customer buys and customer's relationship orientation in how they orientate their relationships with service firms. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, all relational benefits, economic, social, psychological, functional benefits, is related the relationship quality. Second, There is a difference in the perceived relative importance of relational benefits that customers will lead to the establishment of a long-term relationship across the type of service. The more service is customized, the less economic benefits affect relationship quality and the more psychological benefits affect relationship quality. however there isn't a difference in the effect of functional benefits on relationship quality across the types of service, functional benefits are a important benefits both situations. Third, There is a difference in the perceived relative importance of relational benefits that customer will lead to the establishment of a long-term relationship across customers. The more customers orientate their relationships with service firms, the more psychological benefits affect relationship quality. The less customers orientate their relationships with service firms, the more economic and functional benefits affect relationship quality. However there isn't a difference in the effect of social benefits on relationship quality across customers. In addition to, relationship orientation is related to demographic facets such as sex-type, age and income. Male is higher relationship orientation than female. The more customers are older, the more they orientate their relationships with service firms and the more customers have income, the more they orientate their relationships with service firms.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-41
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• 1992

A new and unique class of nonionic surfactants was synthesized by reacting biological a-tocopherol with ethylene oxide for functional cosmetics. The structures were confirmed by Hl-UMR, FT-lR, TLC and elemental analysis. POV and conjugated diene value study for EPO showed POE(n)TE had antioxidative effect similar to tocopheryl acetate Protective effect on cell membrane in photohemolysis of POE(5)TE, POE(10)TE and POE(18)TE were slightly lower than tocopherol but higher than nonoxynol-12, and POE(10)TE had UV absorption power comparable with tocopherol and homosalate. Biological activity of the hydrophobic group of the new surfactants make them unique and different from those of conventional nonionic surfactants Systematic safety evaluations of POE(n)TEs on the skin and eye proved that they are as safe as tocopherol. The results of physicochemical study showed POE(10)TE had the lowest CMC value, POE(18)TE had the maximum surface tension reduction and the highest foam volume and POE(n)TEs had various HLB values by the degree of ethoxylation. The test resul Is of technological and practical applications of these surfactants for cosmetics showed some POE(n)TEs were superior to conventional surfactants. POE(5)TE in W/O emulsions, POE(10)TE and POE(12)TE in O/W emulsions, POE(12)TE in dispersions, POE(18)TE in solubilizations and POE(50)TE in gelations were shown to be excellent which was considered due to the structural characteristic and formation of liquid crystals of POE(n)TEs. By the development and applications of these excel lent multi-functional surfactants, innovative functional cosmetics were successfully formulated.

• Clean Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.193-203
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• 2008

A surfactant is used to assist the effect of cleaning, dispersibility and adhesion during leather manufacturing process. Existing surfactant for that process includes many hydrophilic groups that may cause problem such as stain, bad water resistance and poor durability, etc. It is potential problem to make high-performance property for future leather market. In this study, we have synthesized the fluorinated surfactant of which property decreases surface tension, increases dispersion, cleaning effect and the better chrome absorption by the high bond energy of C-F to complement weakness that the present alkyl derivative surfactants have. Using fluorinated surfactant, we can confirm that dispersion is increased, chrome absorption ratio is augmented with high osmosis and coherence, chrome content in the tanning waste water is reduced, BOD and COD contents are diminished and physical characteristics are improved.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1265-1272
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• 2021

This study was intended to investigate the potential of Astragalus membranaceus ethanol extract(AM) and Astragalus membranaceus bioconversion extract(AMB) as functional cosmetic materials. To confirm the antioxidant effect, polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured, and a study was conducted on skin cell toxicity and skin cell aging through cell experiments. As a result of the antioxidant experiment, the content of polyphenols and flavonoids increased in a concentration-dependent manner in the effects of polyphenols and flavonoids, and it was confirmed that the ethanol extracts were higher than the bioconversion extracts. It was confirmed that the AM and AMB increased the MMP1 expression inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner in HDF cells. Therefore, this study is considered to be very useful as a functional cosmetic material in terms of antioxidant and skin aging prevention when using AM and AMB as functional cosmetic materials.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is to present basic data on the Architectural planning of the college of medicine by arranging the functional zoning planning, functional unit planning, and circulation planning, based on the diversification of medical education and the changes of Learning spaces. Methods: This study was conducted by literature review on existing medical education method and learning space planning. And then on-site surveys and questionnaire were conducted on existing facilities. Results: The diversification of medical education has already been progressing for a long time, and the development of information technology is integrated into the learning space, and the evolution of the learning method and the flexibility of the learning space give effect to the change of the learning space. ① This study reconstructed the existing classification method of university facilities into the fuctional zoning method that combines the architectural concept of function and movement. ② The functions and functional units of the college of medicine according to the proposed functional zone were arranged, and the space required for the medical college was suggested. ③ The function and type of movement of medical college can be classified into professor/student fusion type, teaching and research separation type, and learning and learning shared space integrated arrangement type. In the future, it is necessary to consider fusion type or integrated arrangement type rather than separation type. Implications: the evolution of the learning method and the flexibility of the learning space give effect to the change of the learning space.