• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.2045-2050
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• 2011

Using first principles density functional theory the formation energies of various binary compounds of lithium graphite and its homologues were calculated. Lithium and graphite react to form $Li_1C_6$ (+141 mV) but not form $LiC_4$ (-143 mV), $LiC_3$ (-247 mV) and $LiC_2$ (-529 mV) because they are less stable than lithium metal itself. Properties of structure and reaction potentials of $C_5B$, $C_5N$ and $B_3N_3$ materials as iso-structural graphite were studied. Boron and nitrogen substituted graphite and boron-nitrogen material as a iso-electronic structured graphitic material have longer graphene layer spacing than that of graphite. The layer spacing of $Li_xC_6$, $Li_xC_5B$, $Li_xC_5N$ materials increased until to x=1, and then decreased until to x=2 and 3. Nevertheless $Li_xB_3N_3$ has opposite tendency of layer spacing variation. Among various lithium compositions of $Li_xC_5B$, $Li_xC_5N$ and $Li_xB_3N_3$, reaction potentials of $Li_xC_5B$ (x=1-3) and $Li_xC_5$ (x=1) from total energy analyses have positive values against lithium deposition.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2013

Codonopsis lanceolata (Campanulaceae) traditionally have been used as a tonic and to treat patients with lung abscesses. Recently, it was proposed that the extract and some compounds isolated from C. lanceolata reversed scopolamine-induced memory and learning deficits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement of cognitive enhancing effect of C. lanceolata by steam and fermentation process in scopolamine-induced memory impairment mice models by passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test. The extract of C. lanceolata or the extract of steamed and fermented C. lanceolata (SFCE) was orally administered to male mice at the doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight. As a result, mice treated with steamed and fermented C. lanceolata extract (SFCE) (300 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) showed shorter escape latencies than those with C. lanceolata extract or the scopolamine-administered group in Morris water maze test. Also, it exerted longer step-through latency time than scopolamine treated group in passive avoidance test. Furthermore, neuroprotective effect of SFCE on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity was assessed in HT22 cells. Only SFCE-treated cells showed significant protection at 500 ${\mu}g/ml$. Interestingly, steamed C. lanceolata with fermentation contained more phenolic acid including gallic acid and vanillic acid than original C. lanceolata. Collectively, these results suggest that steam and fermentation process of C. lanceolata increased cognitive enhancing activity related to the memory processes and neuroprotective effect than original C. lanceolata.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2003

단메밀과 콩 등으로부터 생리기능성 물질을 추출하여 건강식품을 개발하고자 먼저 물과 에탄올을 사용하여 extracts를 추출한 후 엔지오텐신 전환효소 (ACE) 저해활성과 항산화활성 및 SOD-유사활성 등을 측정하였다. 단메밀의 ACE저해 활성과 tyrosinase 저해 활성은 물 추출물에서 각각 53%와 58%로 에탄을 추출물보다 더 높았고 전자공여능은 에탄을 추출물에서 제일 높은 72%를 보였다. 검정종 1호와 태광콩의 ACE 저해 활성과 전자공여능은 물 추출물에서 높았으나 SOD-유사활성은 에탄을 추출물에서 가장 높았다. 단메밀 중의 ACE 저해물질과 tyrosinase 저해 물질들은 20배의 증류수로 35$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 24시간, 36시간 처리했을 때 가장 많이 추출되었고 전자공여능을 나타내는 항산화물질은 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 처리했을 때 가장 많이 추출되었다. 또한 검정콩 1호의 ACE 저해물질은 2$0^{\circ}C$, 24시간에서 가장 많이 추출되었으나 그 밖의 기능성 물질들은 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 추출하였을 때 가장 많이 추출되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

Anthocyanin in blackish purple rice is composed of cyanidin, peonidin, malvidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin flavylium ion and their glucosides, which shows antioxidant activity similar to a-tocoperol. It has been demonstrated that cyanidin-3-glucoside(C3G) of anthocyanin has a high-potency antioxidant activity, and is a prominent in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. In analysis of content of anthocyanin from the genetic source of blackish purple rice, the level of C3G was approximately 80% of total contents of anthocyanins, and showed the highest content in Heugjinjubyeo, of which contains an amount of 500 mg by weight of 100g brown rice in comparison that most of varieties has less than 50mg by weight of 100g brown rice. We found that C3G pigment in blackish purple rice was considerably affected by cultural season, cultivation area, ripening temperature, and weather condition, etc. as well as genetic properties. In cross combination between Heugjinjubyeo and Suwon425, intermediate parent $F_9$ generation which was three times higher or more in C3G content than that of Heugjinjubyeo was bred, of which it contained an amount of 1678 mg by weight of 100g brown rice, and we called it 'C3GHi' Rice. And, we found that the C3GHi rice was more excellent than that of the existing Heugjinjubyeo in anticancer and antithrombotic activity. Methanol extract from Heugjinjubyeo was fractionated by organic solvents in order of n-hexane, $CH_{2}Cl_2$ and n-BuOH, and then oryzafuran, quercetin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid and their structures from the n-BuOH fraction were ascertained. Oryzafuran of these compounds was a natural compound found firstly in nature. Quercetin and protocatechuic acid besides new compound oryzafuran showed excellent antioxidant ability to vitamin C. These results suggest that blackish purple rice has very high value as a source of various functional food as well as staple food.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.181-182
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• 2003

Exposure to some synthetic environmental chemicals and their metabolites cause reproductive problems in a variety of vertebrate via endocrine mechanisms. However, in most cases, the link between these compounds and adverse effects on humans, fish, and wildlife has not been established, which necessitates a closer look at the molecular, functional, and clinical implications of these chemicals in the environment. Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) is a member of a largo family of intracellular calcium binding proteins that have high affinities for calcium. It was reported that the estrogen level of uterus affected the expression of the CaBP-9k gene in rat uterus. We examined the dose-dependent CaBP-9K gene expression in the uterus for three-days injection of methoxychlor (HC) in the overectomized immature rats and the relation with uterotrophic response of the compoundsand compared the responses induced by MC according to the route of administration.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.908-913
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• 2000

사과쥬스 제조 후 대부분 폐기 처분되고 있는 사과박의 이용성을 증대하기 위해 사과박의 유용성분을 분석하고 사과박 추출물의 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 사과박의 총플라보노이드 함량은 458 mg%, 총페놀 함량은 1048 mg%, 비타민 C함량은 19.8 mg%로 나타났으며 사과박의 식이섬유 함량은 총식이섬유 55.56%, 수용성 식이섬유 14.20%, 불용성 식이섬유41.36%로 나타났다. 사과박의 phenolic acid는 protocatechuic acid가 3.51 mg%로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며 사과박의 flavonoid를 HPLC로 분석하였을때 phloridzin과 quercetin-3-glucoside가 확인되었으며 각각의 함량은 48.87 mg%, 16.22 mg%로 나타났다. 사과박의 각 분획별 항산화능 시험에서 지용성 모델계에서 BHA와 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$보다는 낮지만 ethyl acetate 획분이 높은 항산화능을 나타내었을 뿐만 아니라 쥐 간조직을 기질로한 과산화지질 생성억제 시험에서도 ethyl acetate 획분이 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1046-1050
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• 2009

Our previous study showed that isoflavone profile of soybean undergoes a significant change during cheonggukjang preparation. In particular, the content of metabolite(s) with similar retention time to glycitein under the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) condition was significantly increased while the levels of genistein and its derivatives were notably lowered. Therefore, we hypothesized that genistein and its derivatives might be converted to genistein glucosides with similar elution time to glycitein. Our current data suggest that genistein and its derivatives are extensively metabolized into various compounds including genistein glycosides, but not glycitein or its derivatives, by Bacillus species isolated from traditional cheonggukjang. Some of daidzein was also converted into a derivative with shorter retention time by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 51 and 86-1 but not by Bacillus subtilis 3-5 and 3-17. As metabolism of soy isoflavones, major health-promoting components in soy products, is widely variable depending upon Bacillus species, it is essential to select microorganism that minimizes the breakdown or modification of soy isoflavones in the process of fermented soy product manufacture.

• 분석과학
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2020

With the improvement in the standard of living and extension of life expectancy, the incidence of prostate diseases has increased yearly, thus becoming a serious disease affecting the health of men. The extract mixture of Cornus officinalis and Stauntonia hexaphylla leaves is a developed functional food formula to improve prostate health. This study developed a simultaneous analytical method of bioactive compounds for quantifying the mixture of Cornus officinalis and S. hexaphylla leaves using high-pressure liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). HPLC analytical condition was performed on a Hector C₁₈ column with a mobile phase of 0.1 % formic acid in water (A) and 0.1 % formic acid in acetonitrile (B) under the following gradient conditions: 0-50 min, 12 %-40 % (B) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Meanwhile, this method was validated properly and successfully used to quantify the bioactive components of morroniside and hederacoside D in 20 sample batches and assess the quality of different ages and seasons of S. hexaphylla leaves. The result showed that the content of morroniside in the extract mixture of Cornus officinalis and S. hexaphylla leaves ranged from 1.38-1.62 mg/g, and the hederacoside D ranged from 28.42-32.02 mg/g, suggesting that this novel analytical method will be suitable for the quality control of the extract mixture to improve benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.927-932
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• 2006

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) is a ubiquitous biomolecule serving mainly as a methyl donor. Our recent studies revealed that SAM controls antibiotic production in Streptomyces. In this study, the functional mode of SAM was studied in S. coelicolor and S. antibioticus ATCC11891, employing S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a methylation reaction product of SAM. Actinorhodin biosynthesis did not require SAM as a methyl donor, whereas SAH enhanced the actinorhodin biosynthesis up to the level comparable to SAM, and the most effective concentration of SAH was higher than that of SAM. In the case of oleandomycin that requires SAM for its biosynthesis, both SAM and SAH at the concentration as low as 100 mM showed comparable efficacy in enhancing the production; SAM at 1 mM concentration additionally stimulated to give a 5-fold enhancement of oleandomycin production. In vitro autophosphorylation of protein kinase AfsK was found to be activated by both SAM and SAH, as well as other structurally related compounds. Our studies demonstrate that SAM regulates antibiotic biosynthesis in a mode independent of its role as a methyl donor and suggest that SAM acts directly as an intracellular signaling molecule for Streptomyces.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2000

담배거세미나방(Spodoptera litura)에서 [$^{14}C$] 표지된 N-acetyl glucosamine, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine을 이용하여 신규살충제 DBI-1015와 DBI-3204의 살충 mechanism을 조사하였다. 담배거세미나방의 표피에 incorporation 되어진 방사논의 양은 신규살충제의 농도에 따라 함수관계를 나타내었다 In vivo실험에서 [$^{14}C$] N-ncetylslucosamine에 대한 DBI-1015, DBI-3204와 diflubenzuron의 $I_{50}$ (ppm)값은 각각 0.57, 0.89, 0.26 ppm을 나타내었으며, [$^{14}C$] UDP-N-acetylglucosamine의 $I_{50}$ (ppm)값은 각각 0.99, 0.53, 0.45 ppm을 나타내었다. 표피절편을 이용한 in vitro 실험에서 표피에 incorporation된 [$^{14}C$] N-acetylglucosamine과 [$^{14}C$] UDP-N-acetylglucosamine의 양은 적었지만, $2{\mu}M$ 농도에서 무처리구에 비해 $40{\sim}60%$ 억제되었다.