• 대한본초학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2023

Objectives : Network pharmacology-based research is one of useful tool to predict the possible efficacy and molecular mechanisms of natural materials with multi compounds-multi targeting effects. In this study, we investigated the functional underlying mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (AM) on its anti-obesity effects using a network pharmacology analysis. Methods : The constituents of AM were collected from public databases and its target genes were gathered from PubChem database. The target genes of AM were compared with the gene set of obesity to find the correlation. Then, the network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.9.1. and functional enrichment analysis was conducted to predict the most relevant pathway of AM. Results : The result showed that AM network contained the 707 nodes and 6867 edges, and 525 intersecting genes were exhibited between AM and obesity gene set, indicating that high correlation with the effects of AM on obesity. Based on GO biological process and KEGG Pathway, 'Response to lipid', 'Cellular response to lipid', 'Lipid metabolic process', 'Regulation of chemokine production', 'Regulation of lipase activity', 'Chemokine signaling pathway', 'Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes' and 'PPAR signaling pathway' were predicted as functional pathways of AM on obesity. Conclusions : AM showed high relevance with the lipid metabolism related with the chemokine production and lipolysis pathways. This study could be a basis that AM has promising effects on obesity via network pharmacology analysis.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 인터넷에서의 트래픽 엔지니어링 체제를 구축하기 위하여 트래픽 엔지니어링을 수행하기 위한 상위레벨 기능 모델을 제시하였다. 제시한 기능 모델은 트래픽 관리, 용량 관리, 그리고 네트워크 계획으로 구성된다. 트래픽 관리는 다양한 조건하에서 네트워크 성능을 최대화하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 용량 관리는 최소의 비용으로 네트워크 요구에 대한 성능 목표치를 만족시키기 위하여 네트워크가 설계되고 제공됨을 목적으로 한다. 또한 네트워크 계획은 예측된 트래픽 증가에 앞서 노드와 전송 용량이 계획되고 배치됨을 보장한다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2002

트래픽 엔지니어링 기능은 트래픽 관리(Traffic Management), 용량 관리(Capacity Management), 그리고 네트워크 계획(Network Planning) 등을 포함한다. 본 논문에서는 트래픽 엔지니어링의 각각의 기능에 대해 설명하며, 멀티미디어 인터넷 망에서의 효율적인 트래픽 엔지니어링을 위한 기능 및 프로세스 모델을 제시하고 각 단계에서 필요한 구체적인 트래픽 관리방안을 소개한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.751-758
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate brain activation pattern and functional connectivity network during classification on the biological phenomena. Twenty six right-handed healthy science teachers volunteered to be in the present study. To investigate participants' brain activities during the tasks, 3.0T fMRI system with the block experimental-design was used to measure BOLD signals of their brain. According to the analyzed data, superior, middle and inferior frontal gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobule, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, and bilateral cerebellum were significantly activated during participants' carrying-out classification. The network model was consisting of six nodes (ROIs) and its fourteen connections. These results suggested the notion that the activation and connections of these regions mean that classification is consist of two sub-network systems (top-down and bottom-up related) and it functioning reciprocally. These results enable the examination of the scientific classification process from the cognitive neuroscience perspective, and may be used as basic materials for developing a teaching-learning program for scientific classification such as brain-based science education curriculum in the science classrooms.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.348-358
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate brain activation pattern and functional connectivity network during experimental design on the biological phenomena. Twenty six right-handed healthy science teachers volunteered to be in the present study. To investigate participants' brain activities during the tasks, 3.0T fMRI system with the block experimental-design was used to measure BOLD signals of their brain and SPM2 software package was applied to analyze the acquired initial image data from the fMRI system. According to the analyzed data, superior, middle and inferior frontal gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobule, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, and bilateral cerebellum were significantly activated during participants' carrying-out experimental design. The network model was consisting of six nodes (ROIs) and its six connections. These results suggested the notion that the activation and connections of these regions mean that experimental design process couldn't succeed just a memory retrieval process. These results enable the scientific experimental design process to be examined from the cognitive neuroscience perspective, and may be used as a basis for developing a teaching-learning program for scientific experimental design such as brain-based science education curriculum.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.259-271
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 단백질-단백질 상호작용과 도메인 분석을 통해 기능이 알려지지 않은 미지 단백질의 기능을 예측할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 먼저 MIPS 데이터베이스로부터 효모에 대한 단백질-단백질 상호작용(PPI) 네트러크를 구축한다. 구축된 PPI 네트워크는(단백질 3,637개, 상호작용 10,391개) 많은 상호작용을 갖는 소수의 단백질들을 갖으면서 단백질 클러스터의 고유한 모듈성을 보이는 스케일 프리 네트워크와 계층적 네트워크의 특성을 보인다 단백질-단백질 상호작용 데이터베이스는 Y2보(Yeast Two Hybrid) 실험 등으로 얻어졌기 때문에 부정확한 데이터를 포함하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 세포상의 localization을 고려하여 부정확한 데이터를 정제하여 PPI 네트워크를 재구축한다. 그리고 허브 단백질과 네트워크 구조를 분석하여 네트워크로부터 구조적 모듈을 발견하고 이를 정의한다. 또한 이러한 구조적 모듈로부터 단백질의 도메인을 분석하여 기능적 모듈을 밝히고, 높은 확실성을 가지는 기능적 모듈을 기반으로 미지 단백질에 대한 기능을 예측한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.332-336
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• 2009

유전체 분석에서 중요한 부분 중 하나는 기능이 알려지지 않은 미지 단백질에 대한 기능 예측이다. 단백질-단백질 상호작용 네트워크를 분석하는 것은 미지 단백질에 대한 기능을 보다 쉽게 예측할 수 있게 한다. 단백질-단백질 상호작용 네트워크로부터 미지 단백질의 기능을 예측하기 위한 다양한 연구들이 시도되어 왔다. 카이-제곱(Chi-square) 방식은 단백질-단백질 상호작용 네트워크를 통해 기능을 예측하고자 하는 연구 중 대표적인 방식이다. 하지만 카이-제곱 방식은 네트워크의 토폴로지를 반영하지 않아 네트워크 크기에 따라 예측의 정확성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 카이-제곱 방식을 보완하여 정확성을 높인 새로운 기능 예측 방법을 제안한다 이를 위해 MIPS, DIP 그리고 SGD와 같은 공개된 단백질 상호작용 데이터베이스들로부터 데이터를 수집하여 분석하였다. 그리고 제안된 방식의 우수성을 입증하기 위해 각 데이터베이스들에 대해 카이-제곱방식과 제안하는 보완된 카이-제곱(Modified Chi-square)방식으로 예측해보고 이들의 정확성을 평가하였다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2013

The purposes of this study are to explore the effect of the network characteristics of Healthy Family Support Center on its performance, and also to investigate the mediating effect of the organizational properties on the performance. We used the data from 148 healthy family support centers in National Survey in Korea. The analytic sample for this study consists of 102 responses.(response rate=68.9%) Multivariate regression model estimated the effects of the network's structural, interactive and functional characteristics and the interaction between the network's characteristics and organizational properties on the performance The findings of this study demonstrate that healthy family support centers with higher closeness centrality and with better functional characteristics reported more performances. Moreover, Centers that are more independent in organizational properties showed higher performances. However, the findings did not show that the interaction between the network's characteristics and organizational properties mediates on the performance.

• 국토계획
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.5-22
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• 2018

While the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities has become important for balanced development at the national scale, they have experienced continuous decline in population and employment, particularly those in non-capital regions. In addition, some of small and medium sized cities have been classified into shrinking cities that have declined due to their long-term structural reasons. To address these issues, a regional approach, by which a hub city and its surrounding small and medium sized cities can collaborate has been suggested. Given this background, the purpose of this study is to identify and delineate hub cities and their impact areas by using travel data as a functional network index. This study uses a centrality index to identify the hub cities of small and medium sized cities and Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate regional boundaries. The mean first passage time (MFPT) generated from the Markov-chain model can be interpreted as functional distance of each region. The study suggests a methodological approach delineating the boundaries of regions incorporating functional relationships of hub cities and their impact areas, and provides 59 hub cities and their impact areas. The results also provide policy implications for regional spatial planning that addresses appropriate planning boundaries of regions for enhancing the economic competitiveness of small and medium sized cities and ensuring services for shrinking cities.

• 국토계획
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2019

The central government has implemented policies to strengthen the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities for balanced development at the national scale. However, since it is often difficult to enhance the competitiveness through partial projects of each jurisdiction, many local governments collaborate at the regional scale. This suggests that a regional approach is important for the management of small and medium sized cities. On the one hand, the concept of network city suggests that various functional networks can affect the growth of small and medium sized cities. Given this background, the purposes of this study are to delineate regional boundaries at national scale and identify their relations of growth by using functional network and Moran's I index. The study uses the Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate the regions, and Moran's I is employed to identify the relations of growth. The results show that interactions between jurisdictions through networks could be crucial factors for growth of small and medium sized cities, while the networks based on passenger travel and freight movement have different implications. The results suggest that policy makers should not only consider local level investments, but also take the characteristics of networks between cities into account for achieving balanced development and developing regeneration policies.