Browse > Article

Brain Activation Pattern and Functional Connectivity Network during Experimental Design on the Biological Phenomena  

Lee, Il-Sun (Korea National University of Education)
Lee, Jun-Ki (Korea National University of Education)
Kwon, Yong-Ju (Korea National University of Education)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education / v.29, no.3, 2009 , pp. 348-358 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate brain activation pattern and functional connectivity network during experimental design on the biological phenomena. Twenty six right-handed healthy science teachers volunteered to be in the present study. To investigate participants' brain activities during the tasks, 3.0T fMRI system with the block experimental-design was used to measure BOLD signals of their brain and SPM2 software package was applied to analyze the acquired initial image data from the fMRI system. According to the analyzed data, superior, middle and inferior frontal gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobule, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, and bilateral cerebellum were significantly activated during participants' carrying-out experimental design. The network model was consisting of six nodes (ROIs) and its six connections. These results suggested the notion that the activation and connections of these regions mean that experimental design process couldn't succeed just a memory retrieval process. These results enable the scientific experimental design process to be examined from the cognitive neuroscience perspective, and may be used as a basis for developing a teaching-learning program for scientific experimental design such as brain-based science education curriculum.
Keywords
experimental design; brain activation pattern; functional connectivity network; fMRI;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ansari, D., & Coch, D. (2006). Bridge over troubled waters: education and cognitive neuroscience. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(4), 146-151   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1989). Educational research: An introduction, 5th Ed. New York, NY: Longman Inc
3 Davis, A (2004). The credentials of brainbased learning. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 38, 21-25   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Kwon, Y. J., Ko, K. T. & Jeong, J. S. (2003). The structure and generation process of deductive scientific-knowledge in the testing of biological hypotheses. The Korean Journal of Biological Education, 31(3), 236-245
5 Lawson, A. E. (1995). Science teaching and development of thinking. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing company
6 Middleton, F. A., & Strick, P. L. (2001). Cerebellar projections to the prefrontal cortex of the primate. Journal of Neuroscience, 21, 700 .712
7 Oldfield, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9, 97-113   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
8 Petrides, M. (1995). Functional organization of the human frontal cortex for mnemonic processing. Evidence from neuroimaging studies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 769, 85-96   DOI   PUBMED
9 Robin, N., & Holyoak, K. J. (1995). Relational complexity and the functions of prefrontal cortex. In Gazzaniga, M. S., Bizzi, E., editors. The cognitive neuroscience (1sted.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. p987-997
10 Tononi, G., Edelman, G. M., & Sporns, O. (1998). Complexity and coherency: intergrating information in the brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(12), 474-484   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Worsley, K. J,, & Friston, K. J. (1995). Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited-again. Neuroimage 2, 173-181   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Geake, J., & Cooper, P. (2003). Cognitive neuroscience: Implications for education? Westminster Studies in Education, 26, 7-20   DOI   ScienceOn
13 De Bartolo, P., Mandolesi, L., Federico, F., Foti, F., Cutuli, D., Gelfo, F., Petrosini, L. (2009). Cerebellar involvement in cognitive flexibility. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, in press   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Friston, K. J., Frith, C. D., Liddle, P. F., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1993). Functional connectivity: the principal component analysis of large (PET) data sets. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 13, 5 14   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Friston, K. J., Holmes, A. P., & Worsley, K. J. (1999). How many subjects constitute a study? Neuroimage, 10, 1-5   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Green, A. E., Fugelsang, J. A., Kraemer, D. J. M., Shamosh, N. A., & Dunbar, K. N. (2006). Frontopolar cortex mediates abstract integration in analogy. Brain Research,1096,125-137   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Hebb, D.O. (1949). The Organization of Behavior: A Neurophysiological Theory. Wiley, New York
18 Huettel, S. A., Song, A. W., & McCarthy, G. (2004). Functional magnetic resonance imaging. Sunderland. MA: Sinauer associate, Inc
19 Klahr, D. & Dunbar, K. (1988). Dual space search during scientific reasoning. Cognitive Science, 12, 1-48   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kwon, Y. J., & Lee, J. K. (2007). Patterns of biologists' and high school students' brain activations in the generation of biological hypotheses: An fMRI study. The Korean Journal of Biological Education, 35(4), 601-610. (in Korean)
21 Jeong, J. S. & Kwon, Y. J. (2007). Prospective Science Teachers' Hypothesis-Testing Methods Generated on the Potato Juice Task. The Korean Journal of Biological Education, 35(2), 320-327   DOI
22 Kwon, Y., Yang, I., & Chung, W. (2000). An explorative analysis of hypothesis-generation by pre-service science teachers. Journal of Korean Association for Research in Science Education, 20, 29-42   과학기술학회마을
23 Zeki, S., & Shipp, S. (1988). The functional logic of cortical connections. Nature, 335, 311 317   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
24 Blackwood, N., Ffyche, D., Simmons, A., Bentall, R., Murray, R., & Howard, R. (2004). The cerebellum and decision making under uncertainty. Cognitive Brain Research, 20, 46-53   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Talairach, J., & Tournoux, P. (1988). Co-Planner stereotaxic atlas of the human brain. New York: Thieme Medical publisher, Inc
26 Marrelec, R., Bellec, P., Krainik, A., Duffau, H., Pelegrini-Issac, M., Lehericy, H., Benali, H., & Doyon, J. (2008). Regions, systems, and the brain: Hierarchical measures of functional integration in fMRI. Medical Image Analysis, 12, 484-496   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Horwitz, B. (2003). The elusive concept of brain connectivity. NeuroImage 19, 466 470   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Johnson-Frey, S. H. (2004). The neural bases of complex tool use in humans. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8(2), 71-78   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
29 Fletcher, P. C., & Henson, R. N. (2001). Frontal lobes and human memory: insights from functional neuroimaging. Brain, 124, 849-881   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Elliot, R., & Dolan, R. J. (1998). Activation of different anterior cingulate foci in association with hypothesis testing and response selection. Neuroimage, 8, 17-29   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Koshino, H., Carpenter, P. A., Minshew, N. J., Cherkassky, V. L., Keller, T. A., & Just, M. A. (2005). Functional connectivity in an fMRI working memory task in high-functioning autism Neuroimage 24, 810-21   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Rosenzweig, M. R., Breedlove, S. M. & Watson, N. V. (2005). Biological psychology: an introduction to behavioral and cognitive neuroscience, 4thEd, Sinauer associate, Inc
33 S zcs, D., & Goswami, U. (2007). Educational Neuroscience: Defining a new discipline for the study of mental representations. Mind, Brain and Education, 1(3), 114-127   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Gagne, E. D., Yekovich, F. R., & Ykovich, C. W. (1997). The cognitive psychology of school learning (2nd Ed). New York: Addison-Wesley Longman, Inc
35 Christoff, K., Prabhakaran, V., Dorfman, J., Zhao, Z., Kroger, J. K., Holyoak, K. J., & Gabrieli, J. D. (2001). Rostrolateral prefrontal cortex involvement in relational integration during reasoning. Neuroimage, 14, 1136-1149   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Evans, A. C., Collins, D. L., Mills, S. R., Brown, E. D., Kelly, R. L., & Peters, T. M. (1993). 3D Statistical neuroanatomical model from 305 MRI volumes. IEEE Conference Record, Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (San Francisco). P 1813-1817
37 Kuhn, D., Amsel, E., & O'Loughlin, M. (1988). The development of scientific thinking skills. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc
38 Lee, L., Harrison, L. M., & Mechelli, A. (2003). A report of functional connectivity workshop, Dusseldorf 2002. Neuroimage 19, 457-465   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
39 Thach, W. T. (2007). On the mechanism of cerebellar contributions to cognition. Cerebellum, 6, 163 .167   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Buxton, R. B. (2002). Introduction to functional magnetic resonance imaging: Principles and techniques. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
41 Kwon, Y. J., Lee, J. K., Shin, D. H., & Jeong, J. S. (2009). Changes in brain activation induced by the training of hypothesis generation skills: An fMRI study. Brain and Cognition, 69, 391-397   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Friston, K. J., Holmes, A. P., Poline, J. B., Grasby, P. J., Williams, S. C., Frackowiak, R. S., & Turner, R. (1995). Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited. Neuroimage, 2, 45-53   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Kroger, J. K. Sabb, F. W., Fales, C. L., Bookheimer, S. Y., Cohen, M. S., & Holyoak, K. J. (2002). Recruitment of anterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in human reasoning: a parametric study of relational complexity. Cerebral Cortex, 12, 477-485   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Tsukiura, T., Fujiib, T., Takahashia, T., Xiaoa, R., Inase, M., Iijima, T., Yamadori, A., & Okuda, J. (2001). Neuroanatomical discrimination between manipulating and maintaining processes involved in verbal working memory; a functional MRI study. Cognitive Brain Research, 11, 13-21   DOI   ScienceOn
45 Park, S. H., Ko, K. T., Jeong, J. S. & Kwon, Y. J. (2005). Types of Hypothesis-Testing Methods Generated in Students' Biology Inquiry. Journal of Korean Association for Research in Science Education, 25(2), 230-238
46 Caveza, R., & Nyberg, L. (2000). Imaging cognition Ⅱ: An empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12(1), 1-47   DOI   ScienceOn
47 Friston, K. J. (1994). Functional and effective connectivity in neuroimaging: a synthesis. Human Brain Mapping, 2, 56 78   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Varela, F.J., Lachaux, J.-P., Rodriguez, E., & Martinerie, J. (2001). The brain web: phase synchronization and large-scale integration. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 229 239   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
49 Klahr, D. & Dunbar, K. (1988). Dual space search during scientific reasoning. Cognitive Science, 12, 1-48   DOI   ScienceOn
50 Kwon, Y. J., Jeong, J. S., Lee, J. K., Shin, D. H. & Yang, I. H. (2007). Brain Activities during Invention of Hypothesis-testing Methods about Biological Phenomena - An fMRI Study. The Korean Journal of Biological Education, 35(2), 212-224
51 Sporns, O., Chialvo, D. R., Kaiser, M., & Hilgetag, C. C. (2004). Organization, development and function of complex brain networks. Trends in cognitive science, 8(9), 418-425   DOI   ScienceOn
52 McPherson, G. R. (2001). Teaching & learning the scientific method. The American Biology Teacher, 63(4), 242-245   DOI   ScienceOn
53 Passingham, R. E., Stephan, K. E., & K tter, R. (2002). The anatomical basis of functional localization in the cortex. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3, 606-616   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
54 Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2005). Influencing brain networks: implications for education. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9(3), 99-103   DOI   ScienceOn