• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.530-535
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of slurry composting and biofiltration (SCB) liquid manure application on shoot growth, fruit qualities and soil chemical properties in peach orchard. SCB liquid manure was fertigated ten times from April to October in SCB plot, whereas chemical fertilizer was treated two times as basal and additional fertilizers in control plot. The shoot growth, leaf nitrogen and potassium content, soil exchangeable K, fruit weight and yield were higher in SCB plot than in control. Soluble solid content and acidity, soil organic matter, soil available phosphate and soil exchangeable Mg showed no significant difference between treatments, and the leaf calcium and magnesium content were lower in SCB plot than in control. In conclusion, fertigating SCB liquid manure in peach orchard has positive effects on fruit weight and yield, and it is suggested that periodical soil testing is needed because of the possibility of K accumulation in SCB liquid manure treated soil when the orchard is fertigated based on the soil nitrogen content.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.501-511
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• 2011

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of applying levels of Bestamin, animal amino acid, on growth and quality of hot pepper and physicochemical properties of soil. Treatment was given with 200, 400, 800, 1600kg per 10a to control of Bestamin, difference of physicochemical properties was lower than Bestamin, and $P_2O_5$ seems to be reduced, also $K^+$, $Ca^{++}$ were obviously low compared to the control. The content of $NO_{3-}N$ was low compared to control at the Bestamin treated plot. Plant height was longest at 800 treatment and main stem length, main stem weigh and the number of leaves were significantly different with 400 and 800 treatment. No difference was found among the fruit weight, length, diameter in first harvest, but there was significantly different at control of 2nd, 3rd harvest and more increased than 400 and 800 treatment. Fruit weight per plant was the heaviest at 400 and 800 treatment, and the number of fruit was no difference at red pepper but increased with 400 and 800 at green pepper, and yield per 10a was significantly increased to 4503.6kg and 4582.5kg, respectively. Nitrogen in mesophyll accumulation content was obviously reduced at Bestamin treatment compared to control, and amino acid was reduced with control.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the optimal condition for macerating enzymatic extraction process that leads to the highest yield and the largest extracted amount of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit. The optimal extraction conditions were found as the following: The initial amount of the water added to the fruit was 20 ~ 30% by weight. The mixing ratio used for the macerating enzyme was 4 : 1 : 2 (w : w : w) for cellulase:pectinase:amylogucosidase, and the amount of the macerating enzyme added was 2% by weight. The extraction process was done at a temperature of $45{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours. The extraction yields on Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit by macerating enzymatic extraction process was increased by 84.3% compared to that of hot-water extraction process. The amounts of organic acids and vitamin found in the extract were also higher. The amount of polyphenol and anthocyanin contents in the extract were 185% and 257% of those from hot-water extraction, respectively. These results suggest that macerating enzymatic extraction is an effective method to boost extraction yield and to increase the amount of extraction of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.273-276
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• 2001

The storage time of citrus fruit at two different storage temperatures was predicted by quality changes such as weight loss, %Brix and skin thickness. The less weight loss of citrus fruits during storage at $3^{\circ}C$ was observed, compared to those stored at $25^{\circ}C$, whereas %Brix of citrus fruits increased slightly without any difference between storage temperatures. Skin thickness of fruit, represented by pixel, also changed more rapidly at the higher storage temperature. Above parameters with a storage time followed the 0 order reaction pattern. The relationship of skin thickness and storage time of the citrus fruit were resolved to a simple linear equation, and storage time could be predicted using this equation.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.497-501
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• 2011

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of gibberellins (GA) pasting on the bourse shoot, and not just on the fruit characteristics but also on the quality, of Niitaka pear (Pyrus pyryfolia L). The fruit stalk was treated with GA (control, 25mg/fruit stalk) 35 days after reaching full bloom. In the GA-treated tree, the occurrence of abnormal bourse shoot (52.5%) increased, and the spur bud and flower number decreased. The diameter of the GA-paste-treated fruit increased during the pear growth period with GA treatment. The diameter, length, and weight of the GA-paste-treated fruit increased at harvest time, but the hardness was lower than that of the control. The differences in soluble solid, acidity, and fruit color between the control and the GA-paste-treated fruit were not significant. Post-harvest, during the storage period, the hardness of the GA-paste-treated fruit was lower than that of the control, and its weight loss ratio was higher than that of the control on the $60^{th}$ days of storage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.4
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• pp.557-566
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• 2022

This study aimed to obtain basic data on high-quality fruit production and efficient cultivation of persimmon cultivar "Godongsi". In the second year of pruning, the number of fruits per tree according to the number of fruit-bearing mother shoots (300, 400, 500, and 700 [control] treatments) was 676.3, 786.0, 866.7, and 1238.7, respectively. Persimmon cultivar "Godongsi" had a decrease in number of fruits per tree and increase in fruit weight as the pruning intensity increased. The average fruit weight in the 300 treatment group was 212.2 g, which was 1.5 times heavier than that in the control. For a high-quality dried persimmon processing, the rate of grade L fruits (170 g<ｘ≤200 g) and over according to the number of fruit-bearing mother shoots was 86.9%, 48.6%, 33.5%, and 8.1%, respectively. The fruit grade of the pruned treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control. Based on the selling price of dried persimmon, the production amount was significantly higher in the 300 treatment than that in the control. When there were many fruits per tree, there was a decrease in quality and increase in cost of harvesting and processing. In conclusion, pruning is essential to increase the fruit quality (fruit weight and grade) of persimmon cultivar "Godongsi". Moreover, the suitable number of fruit-bearing mother shoots was 300.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.290-295
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• 2015

The experiment were carried out in 7-year-old ‘Campbell Early’ grape to increase work efficiency by fruit cluster thinning methods (Pedicel and berry thinning). Pedicel thinning, such as labor-saving cluster thinning of grape, was 6.7 fold higher than the berry thinning for work efficiency. The fruit cluster weight and number of berry were lower in the fruit cluster thinning fruits than in the none-fruit cluster thinning, however, the soluble solid content (SSC) was high and titratable acidity (TA) was low in the fruit cluster thinning fruits than in the none-fruit cluster thinning fruits. Therefore, the bruising rate of berries was decreased in the fruit cluster thinning fruits. Quality uniformity by fruit cluster thinning was proper in fruit cluster weight of 350~450 g when SSC and TA in part of lower, middle and upper of cluster was considered.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Recently, the need for a method to cultivate 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin has been increasing. However, there is limited information available as this is a new Satsuma mandarin cultivar, which was bred by the RDA in 2004. Many farmers who cultivate this cultivar follow the cultivation method similar to that used for 'Miyagawa' Satsuma mandarin, and suffer low production of optimum-sized fruits. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to find out the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit for the stable production of high quality 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits in a non-heated plastic film house. Seven-year-old 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin trees were used in the study. Before the treatment, the leaf-to-fruit ratio ranged from 5.7 to 17.9. The treatments included 10, 20, 30, and 40 leaves per fruit. The fruits were removed if over fruiting was observed at day 60 after full bloom. We investigated the fruit size and quality on the day of harvest. Flowering and fruiting patterns in each treatment were recorded for the following year. In the experiments, the flower-to-leaf ratio was 1.12 to 1.74. As the leaf-to-fruit ratio decreased, the fruit size and weight also decreased. Contrarily, the higher the ratio of leaf-to-fruit, the higher fruit size and weight were. It was noted that the ratio of 20:1 was ideal to produce the M grade optimum-sized Satsuma mandarin fruits on the day of harvest. However, higher ratio might result in fruits weighting above 100 g. There was no difference among the treatments in terms of fruit quality, such as total soluble solid contents, titratable acid, and color. In the subsequent years, flowering and fruiting in the treatments were lowered when the leaf number per fruit was 10, but they were improved when the leaf number per fruit was above 20. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit was found to be 20:1 for flowering and fruiting of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin. It is important that optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit is set as a standard to produce good grade and quality of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.392-396
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• 2010

This research focused on determining the effectiveness of cluster and/or flower thinning in highbush 'Jersey' blueberry on the yield and fruit quality. The total yield and quality of fruit were compared between thinning methods of control (no thinning), 1/3 cluster thinning, 1/3 cluster thinning + 1/2 flower thinning, 2/3 cluster thinning, and 2/3 cluster thinning + 1/2 flower thinning per each bearing shoot, respectively. Thinning strength significantly affected the yield of bearing shoot and, thus, total yield of control and 1/3 cluster thinning was higher than others. Both cluster and flower thinning, however, significantly affected the fruit growth resulting in the increase of fruit weight, length and width. Even total yield was similar between control and 1/3 cluster thinning, more larger fruit (> 1.6 g) were produced by 1/3 cluster thinning treatment, indicating that flower and/or cluster thinning contributed to the increase of individual fruit growth. Unlike fruit growth, fruit quality was less affected except total soluble solid contents. Total soluble solid level significantly increased in treatments (2/3 cluster thinning, 2/3 cluster thinning + 1/2 flower thinning) with yield decrease. No significant difference in levels of acidity and firmness of fruit was found. Results indicated that fruit growth and total yield of highbush blueberry was more influenced by the thinning strength regardless of cluster or flower than internal quality of fruit such as solid and acid levels.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Defoliation in grapevine cultivation is practically used to improve light environment within the canopy and thereby fruit quality. Effects of defoliation in five-year-old 'Pione' grapevine during cultivation with heating were investigated to find out optimum ratio of leaf area to fruit cluster weight (L/F). METHODS AND RESULTS: The grapevines were defoliated with berry-thinning 20 days after full bloom to provide various levels of L/F. At harvest, total leaf area values of fruit bearing branches were between 0.23 and $0.60m^2$. With increasing L/F, soluble solids and anthocyanin contents curvilinearly increased ($R^2=0.76^{**}$). At L/F over $0.6m^2/kg$, soluble solids content (SSC) leveled off. With increasing L/F, titratable acidity (TA) linearly decreased ($R^2=0.87^{**}$), but the ratio of SSC to TA linearly increased ($R^2=0.86^{**}$). Anthocyanin content was significantly correlated with SSC and the ratio of SSC to TA ($R^2=0.80^{**}$ and $0.82^{**}$, respectively). When total leaf area per fruit bearing branch was maintained $0.40m^2$, soluble solids and anthocyanin contents linearly decreased ($R^2=0.79^{**}$ and $0.85^{**}$, respectively), but TA linearly increased with increasing fruit cluster weight ($R^2=0.70^{**}$). Fruit was low in quality when the L/F was below $0.6m^2/kg$. CONCLUSION: L/F is recommended to be maintained at least $0.6m^2/kg$ in 'Pione' grapevine during cultivation with heating to produce higher-quality fruits.