• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

To consider potentially new sources which have hypoglycemic effect and accelerating alcohol detoxification, this study was designed to investigate the effect of Crataegus fructus and Morns alba L. in alcohol-treated rats. I compared the body weight, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of rats administered both alcohol and extract of experimental plants to rats treated with alcohol alone. Administration of extracts of C. fructus and M alba, respectively, resulted in a significant reduction in the blood glucose level and the activities of ADH of liver compared to the control rats, and administration of extract of M. alba showed significantly lower on bodyweight gain in the rats than in other treated rats. In contrast, the activities of ALDH of liver were increased. The activities of AST and ALT between the only alcohol-treated rats and the alcohol and experimental plants-treated rats were no significant difference. The results suggest that C. fructus and M alba have a hypoglycemic effect, and reduce liver damage by accelerating acetaldehyde metabolism in alcoholic rats, so the combined effect of C. fructus and M alba may be considered as an alternative remedy for hangovers, alcohol-induced overweight and alcohol-induced diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.138-142
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• 1997

To elucidate antidiabetic activity of Lycii Fructus. The extract of the Lycii Fructus was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation. The extract of the Lycii Fructus was partitioned suceesively with hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and butanol. The butanol fraction, which is most abundant in the Lycii Fructus was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and resulted in seven fractions namely Fr. I - Fr. VII. Among tested several subfractions, Fr IV. Showed the highest antidiabetic activity in the streptozotocin-induced model rat.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.179-183
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• 2012

Acute toxicity on the water extract of Mori Fructus was examined in male and female mice. The water extract of Mori Fructus was orally administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 2,000 mg/kg and had been observed for two weeks. No mortality and abnormal clinical signs were shown for the observation period. At the terminal sacrifice, there were no difference in net body weight gain, organ weight and gross pathological findings among the groups treated with different doses of the water extract of Mori Fructus. The results suggested that under the condition employed in this study $LD_{50}$ would be more than 2,000 mg/kg. All the data obtained the experiments lead to the water extract of Mori Fructus should have very low acute toxicity.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.62-72
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• 2018

This study investigated the anti-obesity effect of a pear (Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae) extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria on obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Body-weight measurement, blood analysis, and light microscope observation of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis were conducted after 8 weeks. Gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in liver cells were also investigated. Compared to CON, PFA and PFB showed 8% weight reduction along with weight reduction of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis. Observing the microstructure of liver cells showed that lipid droplets were smaller in PFA and PFB than in CON. We confirmed that Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can affect gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in liver cells, showing an obesity treatment effect. From the results above, it was observed that weight gain from increased gene expression in adipose cells as well as from the increased proportion of adipose cells caused by a high-fat diet can be statistically significantly reduced by taking Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria. Therefore, Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can be effective for preventing and treating obesity by reducing weight and adipose cells.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.245-259
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is intended to establish the areas of use of the major effects of Coptidis Rhizoma-Evodiae Fructus Pair in the Prescriptions. Methods : Prescriptions that include both Coptidis Rhizoma and Evodiae Fructus have been selected with the use of programs offered by http://www.koreantk.com, http://youl.net/data . This study compared and analyzed the main effects of the selected prescriptions. Results : Prescriptions that work on upper digestive system tend to have Coptidis Rhizoma to Evodiae Fructus ratio of 2:1~10:1, and Prescriptions that work on lower digestive system tend to have ratio of 1:1. When Coptidis Rhizoma takes up 50% or more of the total dose of the prescriptions, these prescriptions tend to have major effect on the upper digestive system, and when it takes less than 50%, these tend to have major effect on the lower digestive system on the contrary. Conclusions : The prescriptions based on Coptidis Rhizoma-Evodiae Fructus Pair have a tendency to treat digestive problems caused by mass of fever in Liver-system. On this basis, further studies are expected to unveil the effectiveness of these prescriptions on adult diseases.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2018

Kochiae Fructus is a medicinal plant used as medicine of the urinary organs, skin disease and inflammation. In this study, anti-inflammatory activity of Kochiae Fructus extract and its possible mechanisms of action were examined. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated by inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine production and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) in murine macrophage-like cell line Raw 264.7 cells. The measurement of the induced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were carried out by ELISA. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and MAPK and the nuclear expression of nuclear factor $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 were investigated by Wesern blot analysis. The extract suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK, and the nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 in activated cells. As a result, we suggest that the extract of Kochiae Fructus decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6), nitric oxide, MMP-9 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells. Kochiae Fructus has possibility to be used as therapeutic benefits against inflammatory diseases.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.113-117
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the anti-depression effect of herbal extracts (Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Corni Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Nelumbinis Semen) in the chronic mild stressed rat. After adaptation period for 2 weeks, each herbal extract was administered to the rats divided 5 groups. For comparison, St. John's wart was administered to another group in the same environment. The chronic mild stress was induced to rats by overnight illumination for 2 days before the forced swimming test. Struggling time, first latency and rest duration were calculated during the forced swimming test to evaluate the anti-depressant effect. The results were as follows: 1. In the result of evaluation of the struggling time, there was no significance in Pinelliae Rhizoma (-1.1%), Corni Fructus (-3.9%), Rehmanniae Radix Preparat (15.2%), Lycii Fructus (4.9%), St. John's wart (25.2%). There was a significant increase only in Nelumbinis Semen (43.9%) (P=0.0037). 2. In the result of evaluation of the first latency time, there was no significance in Lycii Fructus (-21.37%), Rehmanniae Radix Preparat (38.4%), Pinelliae Rhizoma (65.5%), Corni Fructus (29.2%), St. John's wart (75.8%). There was a significant increase only in Nelumbinis Semen (90.2%) (P=0.0116). 3. In the result of evaluation of the first rest duration, there was no change in St. John's wart, and Decrease was shown in Pinelliae Rhizoma (62.4%), Corni Fructus (31.6%) Rehmanniae Radix Preparat (63.1 %), Lycii Fructus (12.4%), Nelumbinis Semen (59.0%), but there was no significance in all. 4. Nelumbinis Semen is considered to have a superior anti-depression effect than the other herbal extracts, and to have a superior and-depression effect than St. John's wart being used commonly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to measure the changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and blood pressure (BP) in rats, following the intravenous injection of Schizandrae fructus water extract. The measurement was continually monitored by laser-doppler flowmeter and pressure tranducer in anesthetized adult Sprague-Dawley rats for 2 hours to 2 hours and a half through the data acquisition system composed of MacLab and Macintosh computer. The result of this experiment was as followed. Schizandrae fructus increased the changes of rCBF in rats significantly. The rCBF of Schizandrae fructus did not change by pretreated propranolol, atropine, L-NNA and indomethacin. But the rCBF of Schizandrae fructus was increased by pretreated methylene blue. Schizandrae fructus decreased the changes of BP, significantly. The BP of Schizandrae fructus did not change by pretreated propranolol, atropine, L-NNA and indomethacin. But the BP of Schizandrae fructus was decreased by pretreated methylene blue. There results indicated that Schizandrae fructus can increase the rCBF and decrease the BP, that is related to guanylyl cyclase activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Sophorae fructus extracts on antioxidative potential, free radical generation and the lipid levels in rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 2 groups of either AIN-76 diet (control group) or modified AIN-76 diet with 0.5% Sophorae fructus extracts for 4 weeks. The result were as follows: body weight gain and feed efficiency ratios were not significantly different in both groups. Antioxidative potentials were significantly increased in the group fed Sophorae fructus extracts compared to control group; however, there was no difference in free radical generation. Organ (heart, kidney, liver, spleen) weights in rats were not different in both groups. Total cholesterol level in Sophorae fructus group was significantly decreased compared to control group. Serum HDL-cholesterol level in Sophorae fructus group was significantly higher than control group. Serum phospholipid and triglyceride contents in Sophorae fructus group were no different from control group. These results suggest that supplementation of Sophorae fructus extracts may beneficially contribute to the effects of antioxidative potential and lipid levels in rats.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.38-56
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of administration of Foeniculi Fructus on ovarian functions and differential gene expressions related cell viability such as caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Methods: We administered the Foeniculi Fructus to 6-week-old female CF-1 mice for 4, 8, 12 days. After administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$ concentration in the comparison of control group with $0\;mg/m{\ell}$, we observed the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes. After entosomatic fertilization, we observed the rate of fertilized 2-cell embryos to blastocyst stage in vitro. Also we chose the caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair by RT-PCR. Results: 1. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes were increased in the comparison of control group. 2. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the rates of blastocyst formation from 2-cell stages were increased in the comparison of control group. 3. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the gene expression of caspase-3, MAPK, MPG didn't show significant result in the comparison of control group. Conclusion: This study shows that Foeniculi Fructus has significant effects on the increase of the function on ovulation and embryonic development of female mice. But this results have nothing to do with caspase-3, MAPK and MPG genes. So we need a further study for which genes are related to the activation of reproductive functions of Foeniculi Fructus.