• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.619-624
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• 1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oligosaccharides(fructo or isomalto ) contained in sponge cake on blood lipids and intestinal physiology in rats. The experimental diet was mixed with 30% sponge cakes. Normal male Sprague Dawley rats weighing about 530g were randomly assigned to three groups and placed experimental diets and deionized water at free access for 25 days. Rat in control group received a diet mixed with sponge cake containing sucrose only at 21.58g/100g diet and rats in the other two groups received diets mixed with sponge cakes of which 40% sucrose was replaced with each oligosaccharide. The results obtained were as follows: No significant differences in efficiency of food, liver weight and intestinal length were observed among groups. The cecal contents and cecal wall weights were increased more in fructooligosaccharide(FO) group than control. The pH of cecal contents decreased significantly in two oligosaccharide groups. The water contents of fresh feces in FO group were the highest and the those of two oligosaccharide groups were higher than that of control. Dry fecal weight increased significantly in isomaltooligosaccharide(IMO) group. Total serum cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in FO group. Serum triglyceride(TG) was not significantly different among three groups at p<0.05, but serum TG of FO group was lower than those of other groups. In conclusion, 40% replacement of sucrose with oligosaccharides in sponge cake may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and intestinal function in rats.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2017

Purpose: Breastfeeding is the best way to feed all infants, but not all infants can be (exclusively) breastfed. Cow's milk based infant formula is the second choice infant feeding. Methods: The safety of a new synbiotic infant formula, supplemented with Bifidobacterium lactis and fructo-oligosaccharides, with lactose and a whey/casein 60/40 protein ratio was tested in 280 infants during 3 months. Results: The median age of the infants at inclusion was 0.89 months. Weight evolution was in accordance with the World Health Organization growth charts for exclusive breastfed infants. The evolution of all anthropometric parameters (weight-for-length z score and body mass index-for-age z score) was within the normal range. The incidence of functional constipation (3.2%), daily regurgitation (10.9%), infantile crying and colic (10.5%) were all significantly lower than the reported median prevalence for a similar age according to literature (median value of 7.8% for functional constipation, 26.7% for regurgitation, 17.7% for infantile colic). Conclusion: The new synbiotic infant starter formula was safe, resulted in normal growth and was well tolerated. Functional gastro-intestinal manifestations (functional constipation, regurgitation and colic) were significantly lower than reported in literature. Synbiotics (Bifidobacterium lactis and fructo-oligosaccharides) in cow's milk based infant formula bring the second choice infant feeding, formula, closer to the golden standard, exclusive breastfeeding.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2017

본 연구는 남미 안데스 원산인 야콘을 대상으로 국내 주요 재배지의 적응성을 평가하고자 2010년부터 2013년까지 4년동안 8 지역을 대상으로 토양환경, 기상환경, 생육 및 수량 특성을 비교하였다. 주요 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 야콘 주요 재배 8지역의 토양 pH 범위는 5.3~6.9로써 약산성이었고, EC는 0.3~0.9 dS/m의 범위를 나타내어 염류집적이 거의 없는 야콘 생육에 적합한 토성이었다. 2. 야콘의 덩이뿌리 최성기~증가기(9~10월)의 최고온도는 진부, 봉화, 철원, 강릉 지역이 $17.5{\sim}24.6^{\circ}C$를 나타내어 덩이뿌리 생육에 적정온도 범위를 보였으나, 대관령의 온도는 $15.0{\sim}20.0^{\circ}C$로 적정온도($18{\sim}25^{\circ}C$)보다 낮았으며, 순천, 옥천, 여주는 $20.0{\sim}27.1^{\circ}C$로 적정온도보다 높았다. 3. 야콘의 생산성을 지역별로 비교하였을 때, 진부지역이 총수량과 상품수량이 각각 4,065, 3,196 kg/10a로 다른 지역보다 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 봉화, 철원 순이었다. 4. 야콘 덩이뿌리의 당함량을 분석한 결과, 프럭토스 0.11~0.20%, 글루코스 0.11~0.37%, 수크로스 0.39~0.68%, 환원당 0.07~0.37%, 프락토올리고당이 7.03~9.62%이 함유되어 있었다. 진부지역이 기능성 물질인 프락토올리고당 함량이 가장 높았다. 5. 야콘의 국내 적응성을 평가한 결과, 생육온도인 $18{\sim}25^{\circ}C$인 준고랭지 지역(500-560 m)인 진부 및 봉화에서 가장 안정적인 생산성을 나타내어 기상환경이 야콘의 덩이뿌리 생육에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 구명되었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2005

This study examined the effect of viable bifidobacteria and non-digestible carbohydrates on the cecal pH, colonic neoplastic lesion (aberrant crypt) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index in carcinogen-treated mts. Animals received s.c. injection of dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (15 mg/kg body weight) twice 3 days apart. Three days after the second carcinogen administration, the treatments were begun. 1he treatments were basal diet (AIN-76) with skim milk (Basal/skim), or the following diets with daily gavage of $10^8$ bifidobacteria: basal (Basal/bifido), $2\%$ fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS/bifido), $2\%$ soybean oligosaccharide (SBO/bifido), $2\%$ wheat bran oligosaccharide (WBO/bifido) and $8.4\%$ wheat bran (WB/bifido). After 4 weeks of treatment, cecal pH was measured using a pH probe. The number of aberrant crypt (AC), aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and crypt multiplicity were enumerated and colonic PCNA labeling index was determined using immunohistochemistry. Cecal pH was significantly reduced in SBO/bifido and FOS/bifido groups compared to control group. However, there were no significant differences in either number of AC or rates of cell proliferation as shown by PCNA labeling index among the groups, although mts fed FOS/bifido reduced the numbers of ACF compared to Basal/skim group. The SBO/bifido group did not reduce the number of ACF or PCNA labeling index. Also, other oligosaccharides did not reduce the risk of colon cancer compared to control group. The concomitant reduction of cecal pH and number of ACF suggest that the combination of bifidobacteria and FOS may reduce the risk of colon cancer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.894-902
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• 2003

Prebiotics (peptides, N-acetyglucoamine, fructo-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides) were added to skim milk in order to improve the growth rate of contained Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The purpose of this research was to study the potential synergy between probiotics and prebiotics when present in milk, and to apply modern optimization techniques to obtain optimal design and performance for the growth rate of the probiotics using a response surface-modeling technique. To carry out response surface modeling, the regression method was performed on experimental results to build mathematical models. The models were then formulated as an objective function in an optimization problem that was consequently optimized using a genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming approach to obtain the maximum growth rate of the probiotics. The results showed that the quadratic models appeared to have the most accurate response surface fit. Both SQP and GA were able to identify the optimal combination of prebiotics to stimulate the growth of probiotics in milk. Comparing both methods, SQP appeared to be more efficient than GA at such a task.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.339-344
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• 2004

A method for synthesizing branched fructo-oligosaccharides (BFOS) with a high concentration of sucrose ($1{\~}3$ M) was developed using levansucrase prepared from Leuconortoc mesenteroides B-1355C. The degree of polymerization of oligosaccharides synthesized according to the present method ranged from 2 to over 15. The synthesized BFOS were stable at a pH ranges of 2 to 4 under $120^{\circ}C$. The percentage of BFOS in the reaction digest was $95.7\%$ (excluding monosaccharides; $4.3\%$ was levan). BFOS reduced the insoluble glucan formation by Streptococcus sobrinus on the surfaces of glass vials or stainless steel wires in the presence of sucrose. They also reduced the growth and acid productions of S, sobrinus. Oligosaccharides can be used as sweeteners for foods such as beverages requiring thermo- and acid-stable properties and 3s potential inhibitors of dental caries.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2009

본 실험은 mannan-oligosaccharide(MOS)와 fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)가 산란계의 생산성과 소장 내 미생물 균총 및 혈액 내 항체 수준에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 사양 시험은 27주령의 산란계(Hy-Line Brown) 960수를 선별하여 A형 2단 케이지에 대조구 포함 총 6처리구로 구성하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 40수씩 randomized block design으로 배치하였다. 시험 기간 동안 물과 사료는 자유 섭취하게 하였으며, 일반적인 점등 관리(자연 일조 + 조명; 16 h)를 실시하였다. 실험은 대조구, 항생제구; avilamycin 6 ppm, MOS 0.025%구, MOS 0.05%구, FOS 0.25%구, FOS 0.5%구 등 총 6처리구를 두어 실시하였다. 일계 산란율과 hen-housed 산란율은 처리구간에 유의적 차이가 있었다. 일계 산란율과 hen-housed 산란율은 MOS 0.025% 처리구가 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로 높았다. 난중, 사료 섭취량에서는 처리구간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, FOS 0.25%구가 다른 첨가구와 대조구에 비해 낮은 경향을 보였다. 난각 두께에서는 FOS 0.25% 처리구가 MOS 0.025% 첨가구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 난각 강도, 난각 색깔 지수, 난황 색깔 지수에서는 처리구간에 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았다. Haugh unit는 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았지만 전반적으로 대조구에 비해 모든 첨가구들이 높은 경향을 보였다. 혈청 IgG 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 없었지만 모든 첨가구들이 대조구에 비하여 높은 경향을 보여주었으며, 혈청 IgA 농도는 FOS 0.25% 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. Lactobacillus는 첨가구에서 유의하게 증가하고, Cl. perfrigens는 유의하게 감소하였으며, E. coli는 첨가구들에서 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 결론적으로 MOS와 FOS는 산란계에서 산란율을 증가시키는 경향이 있었고 혈중 IgA 및 장내 미생물 균총에도 유의한 영향을 미쳤다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.402-406
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• 1996

Inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing) (EC 2.4.1.93) was purified 34-fold from the culture broth of Arthrobacter sp. A-6 by using a combination of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. The purified enzyme converts inulin into di-D-fructofuranose dianhydride III(DFA III) and small quantities of fructo-oligosaccharides. The temperature and pH optima of the enzyme were $70^{\circ}C$ and 6.0, respectively. Molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 49 kDa by 12$%$ SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and 145 kDa by Sephacryl S-200gel filtration. This indicates that the functional inulin fructotransferase of Arthrobacter sp. A-6 has a homomeric trimer structure. The enzyme had an isoelectric point of pH 4.6. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme subunit was Ala-Asp-Asn-Pro-Asp-Gly(\ulcorner)-Ser-Asn-Met(or Glu)-Tyr-Asp-Val.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.301-306
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• 1991

Extracellular fructosyl transferase from Aureobasidium pullulans C-23 was characterized. The molecular weight of the isolated enzyme was determined to be approximately 170,000 by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has the pI value of about 3.7. The enzyme was almost completely inhibited by 5mM $Hg^{2+}$ , but was not significantly affected by other cations tested. The enzyme was inactivated by treatment of tryptophan-specific reagent N-bromo- succinimide and tyrosine-specific reagent iodine. The substrate sucrose showed protective effect on the inactivation of the enzyme by the both reagents. These results suggest that tryptophan and tyrosine residues are probably located at or near active site of the enzyme.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1373-1381
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• 2022

Fructan is a polysaccharide composed of fructose and can be classified into several types, such as inulin, levan, and fructo-oligosaccharides, based on their linkage patterns and degree of polymerization. Owing to its structural and functional diversity, fructan has been used in various fields including prebiotics, foods and beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications. With increasing interest in fructans, efficient and straightforward production methods have been explored. Since the 1990s, yeast cells have been employed as producers of recombinant enzymes for enzymatic conversion of fructans including fructosyltransferases derived from various microbes and plants. More recently, yeast cell factories are highlighted as efficient workhorses for fructan production by direct fermentation. In this review, recent advances and strategies for fructan biosynthesis by yeast cell factories are discussed.