• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2007

The effect of manufacturing parameters on friction characteristics of motorcycle break system was studied using a design of experiment. Such parameters conditions have an effect on the frictional factor such as applied load, sliding speed, and number of ventilated disk hole. However, it is difficult to know the mutual relation of these factors. In this study, the friction characteristics using design of experiment containing 3 elements were investigated for an optimal condition for the best motorcycle break system employing full factorial design. From this study, the result was shown that the applied load in frictional factors was the most important, next to sliding speed, number of ventilated disk hole.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2017

We quantitatively measured the mass transfer from friction surfaces, specifically brake pads and rotors, using laser plasma spectroscopy. Specifically, we modelled the mass transfer from the pad to the rotor and measured the elemental diffusion intensity distribution in the rotor material using laser plasma spectroscopy. The main elements measured were Cu, Ni, Ti, and Cr, and the distribution of these after transfer was measured as the ratio of the atomic peak and the ion peak of the plasma in the rotor exposed to friction and the surface composition of the rotor and the roughness, respectively. We measured and quantified the diffusion coefficient for each element through the mass transfer model and found that Cr obtained the largest diffusion coefficient (D) of the elements measured based on this system with a value of $1.9484{\times}10^{-15}m^2/s$.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.536-545
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• 2013

In this study, an integrated motor control algorithm for an in-wheel electric vehicle is suggested. It consists of slip control that controls the in-wheel motor torque using the road friction coefficient and slip ratio; yaw rate control that controls the in-wheel motor torque according to the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error; and velocity control that controls the vehicle velocity by a weight factor based on the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error. A co-simulator was developed, which combined the vehicle performance simulator based on MATLAB/Simulink and the vehicle model of CarSim. Based on the co-simulator, a human-in-the-loop simulation environment was constructed, in which a driver can directly control the steering wheel, the accelerator pedal, and the brake pedal in real time. The performance of the integrated motor control algorithm for the in-wheel electric vehicle was evaluated through human-in-the-loop simulations.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.215-216
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• 2006

The effect of manufacturing parameters on friction characteristics of motorcycle break system was studied using a disk-on-pad type friction tester. Such parameters conditions have an effect on the frictional factor such as applied load, sliding speed, and number of ventilated disk hole. However, it is difficult to know the mutual relation of these factors. In this study, the friction characteristics using design of experiment containing 3 elements were investigated for an optimal condition for the best motorcycle break system employing Full factorial design. From this study, the result was shown that the applied load in frictional factors was the most important, next to sliding speed, number of ventilated disk hole.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.546-552
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• 2012

This paper is a study on squeal noise simulation under the consideration of temperature and pressure dependent material properties of friction material. For this, data of pressure and temperature dependent material properties of lining is achieved by using lining data base and exponential curve fit. Complex eigenvalue analysis is performed for predicting squeal noise frequency and instability and chassis dynamo test is performed for achieving squeal noise frequency, sound pressure level, occurrence temperature & pressure. Initial multi models are composed for considering complex interface conditions such as pad ear-clip, piston-housing and guide pin-torque member. The simulation result of base models is compared with the test result. Squeal noise simulation under the consideration of temperature and pressure dependent material properties of friction material is performed and analyzed using multi models. And additional condition is disc material property variation. Entire simulation conditions are combined and analyzed. Finally, this paper proposes direction of the warm squeal noise model.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 국내 화물 및 여객차량들을 견인하는 디젤전기 기관차의 제동에 따른 동적 거동을 분석하기 위하여 제동장치에 영향을 미치는 마찰계수, 제동압력, 주행저항 등을 시험하였다. 마찰계수는 UIC 541-4를 참고로 Dynamo 시험을 수행하였으며 시험결과는 다변량 회귀분석을 통해 제동하중, 제동초기 속도와의 관계를 분석하여 제시하였다. 제동압력은 상용제동과 비상제동으로 구분하였으며, 제동밸브와 배관의 특성을 반영하기 위하여 시간에 따른 제동압력 변화를 대상 차량에서 측정하였다. 차량에 작용하는 외력을 반영하기 위하여 EN 14067-4의 타행시험을 수행하고 2차 다항식 형태의 주행저항을 제시하였다. 도출한 주행저항을 동일 차종에 대하여 각 국가별로 사용하고 있는 주행저항들과 비교하였다. 차량의 재원, 마찰계수, 제동압력, 주행저항을 바탕으로 직선 평탄 선로를 주행하는 디젤전기기관차의 동적 거동을 EN 14531-1에서 제시된 시간적분을 이용하여 해석하였다. 해석 결과는 상용제동과 비상제동에 대하여 각각 차량의 속도이력 시험결과와 비교 검증하였으며 상당히 합리적인 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과들은 철도차량들을 연결하여 운행하는 열차의 동적 거동해석에 활용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 차량 설계에서 제동에 영향을 미치는 다양한 파라미터들을 분석하고 성능향상의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권8호
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• pp.1207-1214
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• 2017

In the case of frequent braking, when driving downhill or long distance, conventional brakes using friction are problematic in braking safety due to brake rupture and fading phenomenon. Therefore auxiliary brakes is essential for heavy vehicles. And several research has been actively conducted to improve energy efficiency by regenerating mechanical energy into electric energy when the vehicles brake. In this paper, a voltage control method is utilized to recover the electric energy generated in the electromagnetic retarder instead of the eddy current. To regenerate the braking energy into the electrical energy, a resonant L-C circuit is configured in the retarder. The retarder can be modeled as self-excited induction generator due to its operating principle. The driving conditions according to the retarder's parameters are made into 3-D maps. Also, the voltage of the resonant circuit changing depending on the driving pulse applied to the FET was analyzed. For the control of this voltage, we proposed an algorithm using the PI controller. The controlled voltage is converted by a 3-phase AC/DC converter and then charged to a battery inside the heavy vehicles through a DC/DC converter. Electromagnetic retarder and its controller are validated using Matlab Simulink. We also demonstrate the voltage controller through the actual M-G set experiment.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2020

300도 이상의 높은 용융점을 갖는 소위 엔지니어링 플라스틱은 기구적인 강성과 내화학성 및 마찰 및 마모성능이 우수하여 여러 산업에서 금속을 대체하는 소재로 각광받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 용융적층모델링 공법을 기반으로 하는 3D 프린터에서 높은 용융점을 갖는 엔지니어링 플라스틱을 조형할 수 있도록 방열특성이 우수한 3D 프린터 nozzle부의 구조를 설계하고 이를 해석적으로 검증하였다. 높은 온도로 가열되는 heat block과 필라멘트가 이송되는 nozzle상부 간의 단열 및 신속한 냉각을 위하여, 열전도계수가 낮은 열차단부(heat brake부)를 2중으로 구성하였고, 열차단부에 생성되는 열이 냉각핀을 통해 대기에 의해 냉각되는 구조를 적용하였다. 개선된 nozzle부 구조설계를 통해 종래 3D 프린터의 BCnozzle과 비교할 때, heat sink부에서의 온도를 50% 가량 낮출 수 있었으며, heat block에 직접적으로 연결된 heat brake부 최종단의 정상상태 온도를 14% 가량 낮출 수 있었다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2020

본 논문은 자율차량 안정성을 위한 도로 거칠기 기반 제동압력 계산 시스템을 제안한다. 제동압력 계산 시스템는 차량의 전방 이미지를 랜덤 포레스트의 입력에 맞게 가공하는 이미지 정규화 모듈, 기상정보와 이미지 정규화 모듈에서 정규화된 차량 전방 이미지를 입력으로 사용하여 차량이 주행 중인 도로의 거칠기를 구별하는 랜덤 포레스트 기반 도로 거칠기 분류 모듈과 도로 거칠기에 따라 차량에 적용되는 마찰 계수를 수정하고, 전방 차량에 따라 최적 주행을 유지하는 브레이킹 강도를 결정하는 차량 브레이크 압력 제어 모듈로 구성된다. 본 논문은 제동압력 계산 시스템의 효율성을 검증하기 위해 제동압력 계산 시스템에 사용되는 랜덤 포레스트 모델을 중심으로 실험이 진행되었다. 실험 결과, 랜덤 포레스트 모델의 정확도는 SVM보다 약 2% 높았고, 정확한 랜덤 포레스트 모델 구성을 위해 7개의 특징이 중복 허용 임의 추출되어야 한다는 결론이 도출되었다. 따라서 제동압력 계산 시스템은 차량이 제동해야 하는 상황에서 정확성 모두를 만족할 수 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2008

An improvement of vehicle fuel economy is one of the most important topic in automotive engineering. Lots of engineers make efforts to achieve 1% of fuel economy improvement. Engine friction is an important factor influencing vehicle fuel economy. This paper focuses on effect of engine friction on vehicle fuel economy during warm-up. A computer simulation is one of the powerful tools in automotive engineering field. Recently Simulation is attempting to virtual experiment not using expensive instruments. It is possible to presuppose fuel economy by changing the characteristic of accessories using CRUISE(vehicle simulation software). In this paper, fuel consumption at each part of the vehicle is analyzed by both of experiment and simulation. The results of fuel economy analysis on experiment substitute for Cruise to calculate fuel economy. The simulation data such as engine speed, brake torque, shift pattern, vehicle speed, fuel consumption level is well correlated to experiment data. In this paper, the change of warm-up time, faster or slower, through simulation is performed. As a result of the fast warm-up, fuel economy is improved up to 1.7%.