• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

The optimal growth condition of in vitro stem cutting of Dendrobium nobile 'Hamana Lake Dream' ${\times}$ 'No. 55' was investigated. Among various media and their concentrations, MS media had better effect on the growth of micro stem cutting than Hyponex media in all concentration levels except stem length. The activated charcoal concentration in MS media showed different effects on number of stem and root, leaf length, and fresh weight: the most effective in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g/L and barely effective above 2.0 g/L. Addition of agar 5 g/L, sucrose at 40 g/L, and peptone at 1 g/L to MS media increased significantly stem length, leaf width, and fresh weight, internode length and number of roots, and the number of stem and leaves. On the other hand, addition of gelite with any concentration had no effect on the growth of micro stem cutting compare to that of control. The optimal temperature for growth of micro stem cutting was $28^{\circ}C$. Under the same temperature, MS medium was better than Hyponex medium for the growth of stem. In addition, sucrose at 40 g/L was the most effective on growth at $28^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.68-76
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• 2010

In the green house, the effect of the mixed material of vermicast and humic acid on the growth of young raddish was investigated. 5, 10, 15, 30 or 50 kg(a.i.) of solid type humic acid was mixed with 300kg(d.w.) of vermicast/10a, each of which was applicated to the soil. And the conventional treatment(600kg of conventional organic fertilizer/10a) and untreatment plot were rendered for comparison. In all the experimental plots treated with vermicast, the number of leaves, leaf length, leaf biomass, root length, root diameter, root biomass of young raddish were higher than those in untreated plot. And in the experimental plots treated with the mixed materials of vermicast and humic acid, growth rate of young raddish was equal to or higher than that in the conventionally treated plot. Fresh biomass of leaves per leol' raddish in the plot treated with 300kg of vermicast + 5kg of humic acid was 1.79 times higher than that in the untreated plot and fresh biomass of root was 2.08 times higher, which was much more effective in its growth rate than that in any other treated plots. There were no prominent changes in soil physicochemical properties after the leol' raddish harvest from the soil treated with vermicast and humic acid, though.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1999

No comprehensive study of yield and quality losses of forage legumes harvested and cured in spring has been conducted in Korea, therefore, this experiment was carried out to gain information on yield and quality, losses of alfalfa(Medicgo sativa L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and red clover(Trifolium pratense L.) during field curing in spring(mid-May). Alfalfa was highest in dry matter content of 15% at harvest, while crimson clover and red clover had 12.4 and 11.5%, respectively. Species differences for the dry matter content were maintained and consistent trends were observed during the field curing. Alfalfa took seven days to reach dry matter content over 80%, while both crimson clover and red clover took eight days. Crimson clover and alfalfa tended to show a higher leaf-stem ratio than red clover based on dry matter, but red clover showed a higher leaf-stem ratio than alfalfa and crimson clover based on crude protein content. Losses in dry matter of alfalfa from leaf shattering were higher than crimson clover and red clover, and similar trends were detected losses in crude protein for three different legumes. Fresh legume forages averaged higher in clude protein(CP), total digestible nutrients(TDN), and relative feed value(RFV), while dry legume forages averaged lower in acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF). Results of the experiment indicate that hay curing in spring affects crude protein concentration more than ADF and NDF, and this is due, in part, to leaf shattering caused by field operations.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.110-113
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• 1994

This experiment was carried out to establish the optimum planting density for producing high tuber yield of Liriope platyphylla WANG and TANG using the recommended variety 'Maekmoondong 1'. Different planting distances such as $20cm\;/rows{\times}10cm\;/hill,\;30{\times}10,\;30{\times}30$ and different plant numbers like 2 plants /hill, 4,6 were combined to make different planting densities. Upper growth state was better by further spacing in case of leaf size, tiller number, fresh leaf weight per each hill. But unlike upper growth state tuber number and. its yield were highest at 372kg /10a and 43No. /hill. respectively with the planting density, $30cm{\times}10cm$, 6 plants per hill. Over growth of vegetative parts cut down the tuber yield. Correlations among leaf size, tiller number, leaf weight and root weight were positive. Tuber number was positively correlated with all characteristics except root weight.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2014

This study was designed to determine the effect of red LEDs during healing and acclimatization process on the survival rate and quality of grafted tomato seedlings. Red LEDs and no light (darkness) were used for treating three rootstock cultivars, which are 'B-Blocking', 'Kanbarune', 'High-power' in healing room. Results showed that survival rates of grafted seedlings in red LEDs were higher than those in no light treatment. Significant variation on survival rates of rootstock cultivars was observed in no light treatment but there was not significant variation in red LEDs treatment. Light treatment also reduced the percentage of infected plants, except for the 'Kanbarune' cultivar. Seedling quality in red LEDs was better than that in no light treatment by improving growth parameters such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root. Light treatments and rootstock cultivars did not affect number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll value and T/R ratio of seedlings, but seedlings in red LEDs were significantly more compact than those in no light treatment. Moreover, the root morphology of seedlings such as total root surface area, total root length, and number of toot tips in red LEDs was also greater than that in no light treatment.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.358-364
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of phosphorus concentrations in fertilizer solution on growth and development of nutrient deficiency in leaf perilla (Perilla frutesens). The nutrient concentrations in above ground plant tissue, petiole sap and soil solution of root media were also determined. Phosphorus deficiency resulted in a slow growth, lustreless leaves, suffused purple tining in older leaves and falling prematurely. Elevation of P concentrations in fertilizer solution increased the crop growth at 75 days after transplanting. The fresh weight in 0, 0.5 and 4.0 mM treatments were 0.48 g, 9.28 g, and 25.5 g, respectively, and dry weights were 0.06 g, 1.46 g and 4.13 g, respectively. The P concentrations in above ground plant tissue and petiole sap in 4.0 mM treatment were 1.78% and $2.040mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, at 75 days after transplanting. The soil P concentration in 4.0 mM treatment was $1.26mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ when it was determined by the 1:2 (sample:water) method. These results indicated that P concentrations higher than 0.3% in above ground plant tissue, $900mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in petiole sap, and $0.57mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in soil solution should be maintained to ensure proper growth of leaf perilla (Perilla frutesens).

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.372-378
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of potassium concentrations in fertigation solution on growth and development of nutrient deficiency symptoms of leaf perilla (Perilla frutesens). The nutrient concentrations in above ground plant tissue, petiole sap and soil solution of root media were also determined. Potassium deficiency symptoms developed in older leaves with marginal necrosis. The brown areas on the lower leaves enlarged rapidly and the margins became scorched. Elevation of K concentrations in the fertigation solution up to 8 mM increased the crop growth in leaf length, stem thickness, and fresh and dry matter production of above ground plant tissue. However, that decreased the chlorophyll contents. The 8.0 mM K treatment which showed the greatest growth had 5.01 g in dry weight and 2.76% in K content of above ground plant tissue, suggesting that maintaining K content higher than 1.7% is necessary for good growth of Perilla frutesens. The K concentrations in petiole sap and soil solution of 8.0 mM treatment were $12,289mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}\;and\;11.65mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. These indicated that K fertilization to maintain higher than $8,700mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in petiole sap and $4.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in soil solution are necessary to ensure good crop growth.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

In order to seek more eco-friend, economic and safer quarantine method than current methyl bromide fumigation, the convergent treatment with 200 Gy of gamma irradiation and several chemicals such as nano-siver particles (NSS), sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) was tried on the cuttings of lily in the packing of catonnage box for export. With 6 independent experiments of gamma irradiation on the three lily cultivars, cvs. Siberia, Le reve and Sorbonne, incidence and severity of lily leaf blight was investigated on leaves and petals at 8-d after infection. 200 Gy of gamma irradiation decreased at 13-25% of severity on the leaf of Sorbonne, but it increased at 2-5% of severity on the leaf of Siberia and Le reve. Chemical substitutes such as NSS and NaDCC were not effective to control of lily blight on cuttings. By 200 Gy of gamma irradiation treatment, chlorophyll contents were statistically significantly decreased at 12-d after irradiation and the longevities vaselife of fully open flower of Siberia and Sorbonne were increased at 0.4 to 1.2 days. In addition, the relative fresh weights of the gamma irradiated cuttings were severely dried compared to the non-irradiated control. On the other hands, the symptoms of phyto-toxicity of high dose gamma irradiation at 1 or 2 kGy on cv. Siberia were to be blight at the tip of bloom, bent necks of flower, and delayed the process of flowering.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 2001

The environmental characteristics, absorption rate of NO$_2$, physiological response, and quality of lettuces were examined in a semi-closed plant production system consisted of human and plant modules. Leaf lettuces were transplanted to 10-cm diameter pots at 4-to 5-leaf stage, and grown in a gas-fumigated plant module. Air containing NO$_2$was circulated 10 min-ON/ 20 min-OFF between the human and plant modules by a diaphragm. At 0.13, 0.30, and 0.45 $\mu$mol.mol$^{-1}$ NO$_2$, NO$_2$ decrements in the chamber during the 10 min were 0.040, 0.109, and 0.149 $\mu$mol.mol$^{-1}$ , respectively. The NO$_2$absorption rate of the plants was estimated to be 0.078 $\mu$mol.mol$^{-1}$ .m$^{-2}$ .min$^{-1}$ at 0.45 $\mu$mol.mol$^{-1}$ NO$_2$ was less than that of the control plant at 4th and 5th days, whereas the respiration rate was the same. The lettuce grown at 0.45 $\mu$mol.mol$^{-1}$ NO$_2$ had similar leaf length, leaf area, dry and fresh weights, and quality to that grown without NO$_2$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 2012

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Malvacease that has been planted in tropical Africa and Asia region for more than 4000 years and use as source of fiber, energy and feed stock. In this study, the physiological characters and chemical compositions of kenaf mutant variety "Jangdae" developed using gamma irradiation at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) were compared with three genetic resources (Auxu, C12, and C14-DRS). Jangdae showed the highest productivity growth rates in fresh yield, dry weight (DW) yield (leaf and stem), node number, and stem thickness. Especially, leaf DW yield of Jangdae was 1.6-3.1 times higher than that of three genetic resources. Also, stem DW yield of Jangdae was 1.6-2.1 times higher than that of three genetic resources. In the analysis of chemical composition, Jangdae showed 16.9% of crude protein content that was 0.86-0.94 times lower than three cultivars. However, Jangdae showed the highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents in leaf (32.5%) and stem (75.2%). Also, acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of stem and leaf in Jangdae were 64.4% and 33.9%, respectively. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were 22.1 mg/g and 7.4 mg/g in Jangdae. Based on these results, Jangdae would have the potential to become a successful forage crop.