• 제목/요약/키워드: frequency-dependent

검색결과 1,821건 처리시간 0.023초

옴니채널의 지각된 편리성과 유용성이 옴니채널 사용과 소비자-브랜드 관계에 미치는 영향 (Omnichannel's Perception Effect on Omnichannel Use and Customer-Brand Relationship)

  • 임덕순;한상설
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제14권7호
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    • pp.83-90
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    • 2016
  • Purpose - This study focuses on new type distribution channel that named as Omnichannel. Omnichannel is developed from Multichannel which is used in many distribution channels to buy or selling goods. Omnichannel basically needs an Information and Communications Technologies(ICT) to use, so researcher conduct a Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) to research model. Customer-brand relationship was used as dependent variable to focus on the role of Omnichannel. Research design, data, and methodology - The subject of this study is customer who purchase goods or service through omnichannel. Based on the literature from the preceding research analysis of TAM and customer-brand relationship, this study was constructed by the reference to previous studies, final research model design for figure out casual relationship among perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, omnichannel use and customer-brand relationship. From 2016 February 3 to March 17, questionnaire survey targeted customers who use online and offline channels. 273 questionnaire survey had conducted, then, 252 survey data were available for empirical analysis. Researcher provide descriptive statistics for checking generality. Cronbach's alpha value was used to check the reliability of data. Exploratory factor analysis was used for purification of values and eigenvalue checking. After EFA, Confirmatory factor analysis was used to prepare structural equation modeling with executing structural equation modeling for confirming hypothesis which developed by researcher. Results - The main results of this empirical study are as follows. First, omnichannel's perceived ease of use has positive significant effect on perceived usefulness(estimate: 0.579). Moreover, omnichannel's perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness has positive significant effect on omnichannel use(estimate: 0.325,0.648). Second, using omnichannel has positive significant effect on brand-customer relationship(estimate: 0.521). Every hypothesis adopted as researcher designed. This study found out the intermediate relationship between perceived ease of use and omnichannel use by investigating hypothesis. Conclusions - Base on the empirical result, this study confirmed that TAM theory perceived has relation with omnichannel. First, factors of TAM has positive effect on omnichannel use, so it highlights the important role of customer based interface and usefulness. Especially, perceived usefulness has high indirect influence on ease of use and use of omnichannel. It seems that when customers try to decide use or not use omnichannel, customers focus on percept benefits from omnichannel. Thus, a provider should applicate attractive price table, accurate product or service information and high switching cost strategy to emphasize the usefulness of omnichannel. Second, using omnichannel enhances the relationship between customers and brand, because there are more time and frequency to serve customers. It is important because good relationship between customers can increase the future's financial performance through word of mouse, positive brand image and loyalty to brand or company. Finally, despite of empirical result and implications, this study has limitations. First, there are only a few previous studies about omnicahnnel, so literature reviews are restricted. While set up the factors which can affect the use of omnichannel, next study should be considered with broader theories or models(ex: contingency theory). Second, omnichannel has developed from multichannel, so comparative analysis is needed between these methods because there is a possibility about different forte character of each distribution system on customer's consuming patterns.

한국인과 중국인의 공동창업기업 성장의도에 대한 연구 (A Study on the Growth intention of Korean and Chinese Co-Founding Startup Companies)

  • 김아현;문준환;이재범
    • 벤처창업연구
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.145-158
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    • 2020
  • 사회는 서로 다른 특성을 갖는 개인이 모여 구성되기 때문에 그 집합 또한 서로 다른 특징을 갖는다. 더욱이 글로벌화와 타 국가의 언어습득이 활성화되면서 다른 국가로 유학을 가는 빈도수가 증가하면서 새로운 교류가 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 그 중 창업을 하고자하는 경우를 확인하고자 하였다. 탐색적 연구를 진행하기 위해서 한국인과 중국인이 구성된 공동창업기업을 대상으로 반 구조화된 인터뷰를 통하여 보다 심도 높은 내용을 확인하고자 하였다. 인터뷰 중에 지속적으로 반복하거나 강조한 단어 등을 주요 키워드로 삼았으며 추가적인 질문을 통해서 타 키워드들을 획득했으며, 결과적으로 국가가 상이한 경우의 공동창업에서 자기수용, 문화적 거리, 기업가정신, 지식이질성, 성장의도가 매우 큰 키워드임을 확인하였다. 분석결과를 토대로 자기수용, 문화적 거리, 기업가정신을 독립변수로 설정하고 성장의도를 종속변수로 하여 연구모형을 설정하였다. 다른 국적을 가진 경우의 공동창업의 경우 다른 지식을 가짐으로 인해 더 넓은 의사결정안을 확보할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나 이 차이가 너무 상이할 경우 오히려 단점이 될 수도 있기 때문에 지식이질성은 각 관계들에 있어서 역 U자의 조절효과를 나타내는 것으로 명제를 설정하였다.

MCM-41/Po1y(ethylene oxide) 복합체로 구성된 고분자 전해질의 제조와 전기화학적 특성 (Preparation and Electrochemical Characteristics of Polymer Electrolyte Based on MCM-41/Poly(ethylene oxide) Composites)

  • 김석;강진영;이성구;이재락;박수진
    • 폴리머
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.403-407
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구에서는 mobil crystalline material-41(MCM-41)의 함량 변화에 따른 고체 고분자 전해질(solid polymer electrolyte, SPE)의 이온전도도의 변화를 고찰하기 위하여, poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO), 메조포러스 기공 구조를 가지는 MCM-41 분자체, 그리고 리튬염을 이용하여 SPE를 제조하였다. SPE의 결정화도는 X-선 회절분석(XRD) 및 시차주사열량계(DSC)를 통하여 살펴보았으며, 주파수반응분석(FRA)으로 이온전도도를 측정하여 이온 전도거동을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, MCM-41을 고분자 혼합물에 첨가함에 따라 PEO의 견정성 영역의 성장을 억제할 수 있었으며, 이는 MCM-41이 메조포러스한 구조를 가지고 있기 때문이다. 또한, $P(EO)_{16}LiClO_4$/MCM-41 전해질 복합체의 이온 전도도는 8$wt\%$의 MCM-41을 첨가한 경우 가장 큰 이온전도도를 가지며, 8$wt\%$이상에서는 다소 감소된 이온전도도를 가짐을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 이온전도도의 특성은 MCM-41의 첨가에 따른 고분자의 결정화도 변화와 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있다.

유머중재 프로그램이 혈액투석환자의 불안, 우울과 유머대처에 미치는 효과 (Effects of Humor Intervention Program on Anxiety, Depression and Coping of Humor in Hemodialysis Patients)

  • 김경희;이명화
    • 재활간호학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.95-108
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the humor intervention program, administred to the hemodialysis patient as an adaptive coping mechanism. The research design was non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. The study method had been done by investigating the experimental group and control group through the questionnaire on 36 patients who had been out patient hemodialysis room at B hospital in Pusan from August 18 to September 15, 1998. The humor intervention program consisted of 1 TV comedy, 1 home video and 1 comedy film. The humor intervention program was provided to the experimental group for 20-30 minute 3 times every other day at hemodialysis room. Dependent variables were measured by Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory, Zung's Self Rating Depression Scale, Lefcourt & s Humor Coping Scale. The analysis of the collected data had been done for the hemogeneity test in which general characteristics of the experimental group and the control group had been tested by $X^2$-test and the hemogeneity test had been tested by t-test before using the humor intervention program which is for anxiety, depression and coping of humor. To test the hypothesis the t-test had been given for the difference of anxiety, depression and coping of humor between the two groups. The result were summarized as follows : 1. Anxiety score in the experimental group and control group was not significant difference. 2. Depression score in the experimental group and control group was not significant difference. 3. Coping of humor score in the experimental group and control group was not significant difference. In conclusion, even though humor intervention program did not have any efficient effect on hemodialysis patients in reacting to anxiety, depression and coping humor, it caused very positive reactions from patients, and it also reducted anxiety of patients among the experimental group a little bit. If this program could be sufficiently applied ac cording to the character of every patients with a little bit different appliences such as selection of humor intervention program, frequency and period, it will be used as an efficient the humor intervention program.

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공항의 허브화 평가를 위한 연속연결성지수모형 개발 (Development of Continuous Indirect Connectivity Model for Evaluation of Hub Operations at Airport)

  • 이상용;유광의;박용화
    • 대한교통학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.195-206
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    • 2009
  • 유럽 및 미국에서 항공산업의 규제완화는 항공사가 그들의 네트워크를 허브-앤-스포크 구조로 변경토록 하는 원천이 되었다. 최근에 나타나는 아시아 항공시장의 자유화 움직임은 이 지역 항공네트워크를 변화시키는 계기가 될 것이다. 이와 같은 환경변화로 인해 항공사와 공항 당국은 허브-앤-스포크 운영에 따른 상호 연결성을 개선하기 위해 그 개념을 정의하고 연결성 지수를 수립 운영하는 것이 중요한 이슈가 되었다. 본 논문에서는 연속 연결성지수(CICI, Continuous Indirect Connectivity Index)를 제안하여 유럽, 미주 및 아시아 지역의 주요공항들에서 항공사 스케줄에 따른 허브화 조정정도를 평가하고자 하였다. 연속 연결성지수는 세 부분으로 구성된다. 첫째 출발-도착 항공편 간 환승 편의성을 파악하기 위한 시간 연결성지수 설정, 둘째 항공편의 경유 거리에 의한 매력도를 나타내는 공간 연결성지수, 셋째 환승노선의 운항빈도에 의한 상대강도지수 도출 등이다. 본 논문에서는 연속 연결성지수와 환승객수 및 로그 환승률 간 인과관계를 분석하여 지수의 유효성을 증명하였다. 연속 연결성지수와 환승객수의 결정계수는 0.94, 로그 연속 연결성지수와 환승률의 결정계수는 0.69로 Danesi와 Doganis지수보다 높은 인과성과 우수한 설명도를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다.

moving-photocarrier-grating 기술을 이용한 디지털 X-선 변환물질 a-Se:As의 수송변수 (Transport parameters in a-Se:As films for digital X-ray conversion material using the moving-photocarrier-grating technique)

  • 박창희;남상희;김재형
    • 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.267-272
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    • 2005
  • moving photocarrier grating 기술을 이용하여 디지털 X-선 변환물질 a-Se:As 필름에서 As 첨가효과에 관하여 연구하였다. 이 방법은 시료를 조사하기 위하여 주파수를 변화시킨 2개 레이저 빔의 중첩으로 얻어진 움직이는 간섭패턴을 이용한다. 시료의 수송변수는 시료에서 변조 방향으로 유도되는 grating-속도에 의존하는 전류밀도로부터 얻어진다. As 첨가에 따른 a-Se 필름의 전자와 정공 이동도 그리고 재결합 수명을 구하였다. 전자의 이동도는 결함 상태 때문에 As 첨가에 따라 감소하는 반면, 특히 a-Se 필름에 0.3% As 첨가할 때 정공 이동도와 재결합 수명이 증가하였다. MPG 기술로 얻은 As가 첨가된 a-Se 필름의 수송성질을 a-Se:As로 제작한 X-선 디텍터의 X-선 감도와 비교하였다. 실험결과 0.3% As가 첨가된 a-Se으로 제작한 X-선 디텍터가 가장 우수한 X-선 감도를 나타내었다.

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유한 고체내 탄성동역학 문제의 모델링 (Modeling of Elastodynamic Problems in Finite Solid Media)

  • 조윤호
    • 비파괴검사학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.138-149
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    • 2000
  • 본 논문에서는 유한 고체내 초음파 전파 및 산란 현상의 해석을 위한 다양한 경계요소 모델링 기법이 제시되었다. 박판 재료내 유도초음파 전파에 대한 모드해석을 위해 비균질 적충 박판 구조물에 대한 탄성동역학 경계치 문제가 설정되었으며 이에 대한 수치해로부터 유도초음파의 전파특성을 나타내는 분산곡선이 얻어졌다. 파동 산란시 발생되는 기하학적 복잡성과 모드변환 문제를 수치적으로 모델링하기 위해 탄성 동역학 경계요소법을 적용하였고 이를 박판내 유도초음파의 이론적 직교 모드의 중첩해와 결합시킨 혼합형 경계요소법으로 확장하여 유한 고체내 다중 모드변환의 효율적 모델링법이 제안되었다. 주파수 영역의 수치해로부터 시간 의존 문제의 파동신호 예측을 위해 역 푸리에(Fourier) 변환을 통한 시간 영역 파동산란 신호가 얻어졌다. 이와 함께 실제 초음파 탐상조건에 보다 가까운 파동산란 문제의 모델링을 위해 3차원 경계요소법을 소개하고, 개발중인 3차원 경계요소 프로그램을 이용하여 유한 직경을 갖는 봉재내의 파동 전파를 수치적으로 해석하여 해석해와 비교 검증하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 탄성파동 모델링 기법은 정량적 비파괴 평가법을 확립하는데 다양하게 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

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다중회귀분석에 의한 하천 월 유출량의 추계학적 추정에 관한 연구 (A Study on Stochastic Estimation of Monthly Runoff by Multiple Regression Analysis)

  • 김태철;정하우
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.75-87
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    • 1980
  • Most hydro]ogic phenomena are the complex and organic products of multiple causations like climatic and hydro-geological factors. A certain significant correlation on the run-off in river basin would be expected and foreseen in advance, and the effect of each these causual and associated factors (independant variables; present-month rainfall, previous-month run-off, evapotranspiration and relative humidity etc.) upon present-month run-off(dependent variable) may be determined by multiple regression analysis. Functions between independant and dependant variables should be treated repeatedly until satisfactory and optimal combination of independant variables can be obtained. Reliability of the estimated function should be tested according to the result of statistical criterion such as analysis of variance, coefficient of determination and significance-test of regression coefficients before first estimated multiple regression model in historical sequence is determined. But some error between observed and estimated run-off is still there. The error arises because the model used is an inadequate description of the system and because the data constituting the record represent only a sample from a population of monthly discharge observation, so that estimates of model parameter will be subject to sampling errors. Since this error which is a deviation from multiple regression plane cannot be explained by first estimated multiple regression equation, it can be considered as a random error governed by law of chance in nature. This unexplained variance by multiple regression equation can be solved by stochastic approach, that is, random error can be stochastically simulated by multiplying random normal variate to standard error of estimate. Finally hybrid model on estimation of monthly run-off in nonhistorical sequence can be determined by combining the determistic component of multiple regression equation and the stochastic component of random errors. Monthly run-off in Naju station in Yong-San river basin is estimated by multiple regression model and hybrid model. And some comparisons between observed and estimated run-off and between multiple regression model and already-existing estimation methods such as Gajiyama formula, tank model and Thomas-Fiering model are done. The results are as follows. (1) The optimal function to estimate monthly run-off in historical sequence is multiple linear regression equation in overall-month unit, that is; Qn=0.788Pn+0.130Qn-1-0.273En-0.1 About 85% of total variance of monthly runoff can be explained by multiple linear regression equation and its coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.843. This means we can estimate monthly runoff in historical sequence highly significantly with short data of observation by above mentioned equation. (2) The optimal function to estimate monthly runoff in nonhistorical sequence is hybrid model combined with multiple linear regression equation in overall-month unit and stochastic component, that is; Qn=0. 788Pn+0. l30Qn-1-0. 273En-0. 10+Sy.t The rest 15% of unexplained variance of monthly runoff can be explained by addition of stochastic process and a bit more reliable results of statistical characteristics of monthly runoff in non-historical sequence are derived. This estimated monthly runoff in non-historical sequence shows up the extraordinary value (maximum, minimum value) which is not appeared in the observed runoff as a random component. (3) "Frequency best fit coefficient" (R2f) of multiple linear regression equation is 0.847 which is the same value as Gaijyama's one. This implies that multiple linear regression equation and Gajiyama formula are theoretically rather reasonable functions.

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생쥐 소장 카할세포의 내향성 향도잡이 전압에 미치는 내소산의 억제효과에 관한 연구 (Inhibitory Effects of Naeso-san on Pacemaker Potentials in Interstitial Cells of Cajal of Murine Small Intestine)

  • 홍누리;안태석;박현수;채한;권영규;김병주
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제28권6호
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    • pp.630-635
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Naeso-san in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in murine small intestine. First, we isolated ICCs from murine small intestine. After that, we cultured these cells for 1 days. The patch-clamp technique was applied on ICCs that formed network-like structures in culture (1 days). Spontaneous rhythms were routinely recorded from cultured ICCs under current-clamp conditions, and the ICCs within networks displayed more robust electrical rhythms (pacemaker potentials). To understand the relationship between Naeso-san and pacemaker activity in ICCs, we examined the effects of Naeso-san on pacemaker potentials of ICCs. In current clamp mode (I = 0), the addition of Naeso-san (10 mg/ml - 50 mg/ml) decreased the amplitude and frequency of the pacemaker potentials of ICCs in a dose dependent manner. However, these effects were blocked by intracellular $GDP{\beta}S$, a G-protein inhibitor, and glibenclamide, a specific ATP-sensitive K+ channels blocker. Pretreatment with SQ-22536, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, did not block the Naeso-san induced effects, whereas pretreatment with ODQ, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, or L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase blocked the Naeso-san induced effects. Our findings provide insight into unraveling the modulation of Naeso-san in pacemaker potentials of ICCs and developing therapeutic agents against gastrointestinal motility disorders.

Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency

  • Kehrli, Marcus E. Jr.;Park, Yong-ho;Yoo, Han-sang
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.247-256
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    • 1999
  • A disease of young Holstein calves characterized by recurrent pneumonia, ulcerative and granulomatous stomatitis, enteritis with bacterial overgrowth, periodontitis, delayed wound healing, persistent neutrophilia and death at an early age had been originally described in 1983 and again in 1987. Most of these calves had stunted growth and a persistent, progressive neutrophilia (often exceeding 100,000/ml). By investigation of pedigrees, all of the affected calves have now been traced to a common sire and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic DNA testing to be homozygous carriers of a defective allele for bovine CD18. Neutrophils from these calves have several functional deficits and, most importantly, fail to adhere in a ${\beta}_2$-integrin dependent manner. The ${\beta}_2$-integrins represent a family of glycoproteins which participate in various leukocyte adhesion reactions during host defense. The presence or absence of ${\beta}_2$-integrin molecules can be demonstrated on the surface of neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes from normal or affected calves using specific monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry, or by colloidal gold immunolabeling and scanning electron microscopy in backscatter mode. Deficiency of the ${\beta}_2$-integrins on all leukocyte types in Holstein calves is analogous to leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) seen in humans. Neutrophils in bovine (BLAD) and human LAD patients are unable to adhere to the endothelial lining of the cardiovascular system thus interrupting egression of neutrophils into infected tissues. Other leukocytes, while still deficient in expression of the ${\beta}_2$-integrins, are still able to efficiently egress from the blood stream due to interactions of other adhesion molecules that are not as highly expressed on neutrophils. Both BLAD cattle and LAD children (who do not receive bone marrow transplants) often die at an early age as a result of the failure of neutrophils to extravasate into infected tissues. In 1991, Shuster, et $al^{27}$, identified two point mutations within the alleles encoding bovine CD18 in a Holstein calf afflicted with leukocyte adhesion deficiency. One mutation causes an aspartic acid to glycine substitution at amino acid 128 (D128G) in an extracellular region of this adhesion glycoprotein that is highly conserved (> 95% identity) between humans, cattle and mice. The other mutation is silent. Numerous calves with clinical symptoms of leukocyte adhesion deficiency have since been tested and all have been found homozygous for the D128G allele. In addition, calves homozygous far the D128G allele have been identified during widespread DNA testing in the United States. All cattle with the mutant allele are related to one bull, who through artificial insemination (A.I.), sired many calves in the 1950's and 1960's. The carrier frequency of the D128G CD18 allele among U.S. Holstein cattle had reached approximately 15% among active A.I. bulls and 8% among cows. By 1993, the organization of the dairy industry and the diagnostic test developed to genotype cattle, enabled virtually complete eradication of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency among current and future A.I. bulls.

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