• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2023

Kendrick plots offer an alternative visualization of mass spectral data which reveals ion series and patterning by turning a mass spectrum into a map, plotting the fractional mass (wrongly called mass defect) as a function of mass-to-charge ratios and ion abundances. Although routinely used for polymer mass spectrometry, two unreported applications of these Kendrick plots are proposed using the program "kendo2": the graphical recalibration of a mass spectrum via the simulation of a theoretical fractional mass and a multi-segment fit; and the rapid evaluation of scan-to-scan variation of accurate mass measurements used as tolerances for the blank subtraction of UPLC-MS data files. Both applications are compatible with any type of high-resolution MS data including LC/GC-MS(/MS).

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8222-8227
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• 2015

가시거리는 볼 수 있는 거리로 정의되며, 이는 글자 크기, 조도 등에 따라 바뀐다. 글자 크기와 조도를 결정할 때 가시거리는 중요한 참고 자료가 될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 가시거리 측정과 예상의 2가지 연구를 하였다. 3가지 글자 크기와 3가지 조도에 대해서 약 120명의 학생에 대해서 가시거리를 측정했다. 측정하지 않은 조도에 대한 가시거리를 예상하기 위해서 독립변수가 조도이고, 종속변수가 가시거리인 함수를 제안하였다. 가시거리는 조도에 대해서 많이 바뀌지 않으므로 분수 함수를 제안하였다. 분수 함수에는 결정해야 할 3개의 변수-k,m,n-가 있다.측정한 가시거리 값들을 근거로 이 3개의 변수의 값들을 정하였다. 3개의 조도에 대해서 가시거리를 측정했으므로 세 개의 k들을 계산할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 3개의 k값들의 분산이 가장 작은 경우를 선택하여 이 경우의 3개의 변수-k,m,n-의 값들을 선택하였다. 3개의 글자 크기에 대해서 각각 다른 3개의 분수 함수를 제안하였다. 제안한 함수와 측정한 자료의 차이가 적으므로 제안한 함수가 정확함을 증명하였다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 1989

Let $S_p*({\alpha},{\beta},{\mu})$ denote the class of functions $f(z)=z^p-{\sum}{\limit}^{\infty}_{n=1}a_{p+n}\;z^{p+n}(a_{p+n}{\geq}o,\;p{\in}N)$ analytic and p-valent in the unit disc $U=\{z:{\mid}z{\mid}<1\}$ and satisfy the condition $${\mid}\frac{\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}-p}{\mu\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}+p-(1+\mu)\alpha}\mid<\beta,\;z{\in}U$$, where $o{\leq}{\alpha} and $o\leq\mu\leq1$. Further f(z) is said to belong to the class $C_p*({\alpha},{\beta},{\mu})\;if\;zf'(z)/p{\in}S_p*(\alpha,\beta,\mu)$. In this paper we obtain for these classes sharp results concerning coefficient estimates, disortion theorems, closure theorems, Hadamard products and some distortion theorems for the fractional calculus.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2010

최근 TV 방송의 새로운 시장인 DTV 시장이 넓어지면서 DTV 튜너에 대한 요구도 많아지고 있다. DTV 튜너를 설계하는 데에는 많은 어려운 부분이 있지만, 가장 어려운 부분 중에 하나가 주파수합성기이다. 본 논문에서는 DTV 튜너를 위한 주파수합성기 회로를 $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 사용하여 설계하였다. 설계한 주파수합성기는 DTV(ATSC)의 주파수 대역(54~806MHz)을 만족한다. 하나의 VCO를 사용하여 광대역을 만족시킬 수 있는 구조를 제안하고, LO pulling 효과를 최소화 하기위하여 1.6~3.6GHz 대역에서 동작하도록 설계하였다. 또한 고주파 대역과 저주파 대역에서의 VCO 이득의 차이와 주파수 간격의 변화를 줄여 안정적인 광대역 특성을 구현하였다. 모의실험 결과, 설계한 VCO의 이득은 59~94MHz(${\pm}$17.7MHz/V,${\pm}$23%)이고, 주파수 간격은 26~42.5MHz (${\pm}$8.25MHz/V,${\pm}$24%)이며, tuning range는 76.9%이다. 설계된 주파수합성기의 위상잡음은 100kHz offset에서 -106dBc/Hz이고, 고착시간은 약 $10{\mu}s$ 정도이다. 설계된 회로는 1.8V 전원전압에서 20~23mA의 전류를 소모하며 칩 면적은 PAD를 포함하여 2.0mm${\times}$1.8mm이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.442-451
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• 2022

Background: This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of fractional flow reserve (FFR) on clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: Five online databases were searched for studies that (1) enrolled patients who underwent isolated CABG or CABG with aortic valve replacement and (2) demonstrated the effect of an FFR-guided strategy on major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after surgery based on a randomized controlled trial or adjusted analysis. MACE included cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction (MI), and repeated revascularization. The primary outcomes were all MACE outcomes and a composite of all-cause death and MI, and the secondary outcomes were the individual MACE outcomes. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and the Egger test. Results: Six articles (3 randomized and 3 non-randomized studies: n=1,027) were selected. MACE data were extracted from 4 studies. The pooled analyses showed that the risk of MACE was not significantly different between patients who underwent FFR-guided CABG and those who underwent angiography-guided CABG (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.57-1.12). However, the risk of the composite of death or MI was significantly lower in patients undergoing FFR-guided CABG (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.94). The individual MACE outcomes were not significantly different between FFR-guided and angiography-guided CABG. Conclusion: FFR-guided CABG might be beneficial in terms of the composite outcome of death or MI compared with angiography-guided CABG although data are limited.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2011

The $CH_3OH$ $4_2-5_1$ E transition was observed toward the Sgr B2 region, including the Principal Cloud and its surroundings. This methanol transition shows an extended emission along the 2'N cloud, which is believed to be colliding with the Principal Cloud and may trigger the massive star formation in this cloud. This extended methanol emission may also suggest that the 2'N cloud is under shocks. We derive total methanol column density $N(CH_3OH)\;=\;2.9{\pm}0.3{\times}10^{14}\;cm^{-2}$ toward the peak position of the extended emission. The fractional abundance of methanol is about 10.9, relative to the estimated total $H_2$ abundance, which is similar to the methanol abundances in quiet gas phase.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 1996

Ultrafine powders(UFPs) of aluminum nitride(AlN) have been synthesized by chemical reactions in the nitrogen atmosphere and the gaseous aluminum evaporated from Al powders in thermal plasmas produced by a DC plasma torch. A synthesis system consisting of a plasma torch, a finely-controllable powder feeder, a reaction chamber, and a quenching-collection chamber have been designed and manufactured, and a filter for gathering AlN UFPs produced by the quenching process subsequent to the synthesis is set up. The synthesis process is interpreted by numerical analyses of the plasma-particle interaction and the chemical equilibrium state, respectively, and a fully-saturated fractional factorial test is used to find the optimum process conditions. The degrees and ultrafineness of synthesis are evaluated by means of SEM, TEM, XRD, and ESCA analyses. AlN UFPs synthesized in the optimum process conditions have polygonal shapes of the size of 5-100 nm, and their purities differ depending on collecting positions and filter types, and the maximum purity obtained is 72 wt% at the filter.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 1999년도 학술발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.52-52
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• 1999

Inactivation of N-type calcium current has been reported to be voltage dependent (Jones ＆ Marks, 1989) and $Ca^{2＋}$ dependent(Cox ＆ Dunlap, 1994). We examined inactivation by recording currents from the same cell both in [B $a^{2＋}$]$_{o}$ and [C $a^{2＋}$]$_{o}$ in rat sympathetic neurons. With 11 mM internal EGTA, fractional inactivation[l-(current amplitude at the end of 5 sec pulse/peak current amplitude [1-(current amplitude at the end of 5 sec pulse/peak current amplitude)] was larger in $Ca^{2+}$(0.80$\pm$0.07) than in $Ba^{2+}$(0.69$\pm$0.10)(n=31, p<0.001), but the current traces were nicely fitted with two exponential components both in $Ba^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$.(omitted)ted)ted)

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-72
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• 1979

This paper presents the FORTRAN program for expected damage by surface-to-surface weapons. One of the methods can be used to determine the effectiveness of general purpose (GP) bombs and cluster weapons against single unitary targets, linear targets, area targets, and areas of unitary target elements, The effectiveness index is in terms of fractional damage ($F_D$) or the number of volleys ($N_V$).

• 대한수학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.975-1002
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• 2005

On the setting of the upper half-space H of the Eu­clidean n-space, we show the boundedness of weighted Bergman projection for 1 < p < $\infty$ and nonorthogonal projections for 1 $\leq$ p < $\infty$ . Using these results, we show that Bergman norm is equiva­ lent to the normal derivative norms on weighted harmonic Bergman spaces. Finally, we find the dual of b$\_{$^{1}$.